介词复习课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,介词,介词的分类与语法功能,介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、,代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）,构成介词短语，表示某个人、事物,/,东西、事件与,另一个之间的关系。,常见的介词宾语：,名词、代词、动名词、从句、,介词分为：,简单介词，如,at,、,in,、,for,等；,合成介词，如,within,、,inside,、,onto,短语介词，如,according to,、,out of,、,because of,、,by means of,、,双重介词，如,from behind/above/under,、,分词介词，如,considering,、,including,、,（一）考查表示时间的介词,1,）,in,on,at,after,in,用于较长一段时间,星期,月份,季节,年,朝代世纪或非特指的早、午、晚等。,eg:in 1988,in the 21st century,in winter,in March,in the day,，,in the morning,at night,at noon,/,on,具体某一天或具体某一个早、午、晚。,on Saturday evening,on the May seventh,on a windy night,on the afternoon,of October 31,st,at,在某一点时间或某个瞬间。,at eight oclock,at the end of,at this moment,at this time,at times/at a time/at one time,，,at the age of,【,拓展考点,1】,in+,一段时间，表示一段时间之后，与动词将来时连用。,after,则常用于过去时。,比较：,He,will be,back,in,two days.,He,came,back,after,two days.,易错题：,-_ will the film start?,-In ten minutes.,How long B.How often,C.How soon D.How far,【,拓展考点,2】,On+,具体某一天,/,节日,易错题：,-When were you born?,-I was born _ the morning of May 7th,1995.,A.in B.at C.on D.by,常见的搭配还有,on a cold morning/on a sunny afternoon,on a hot summer night,另外注意：在时间词（,morning,afternoon,evening;Sunday,）,前有,last,next,this,that,时，不再用介词,.,tomorrow,tonight,前也不用介词。,eg.I,will go,(A)to,the cinema,(B),in,(C)this evening.,_,B,去掉,in,注意：,at night=in the night,at noon,at this/that time,at Christmas,区别,on Christmas Day,eg.1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning,3._ a rainy evening,4._3:50 5._ 2002,6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring,8._ night 9._ this time 10._ March,in,on,on,at,in,on,in,at,at,in,2)for+,一段时间常表示“持续了一段时间”,since+,时间点,/+,完成时,during,则表示在,期间,+,一般时态,He has been in Beijing for 3 years.,He has been in Beijing since 3 three years ago,I was in Beijing during last summer.,since,，,for,常与现在完成时连用，提问时用,how long.,3),表示时间的,since,和,from,：,since,表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。,from,表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。,一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。,I hope to do morning exercises _ today.,We have not seen each other _ 1995.,Since then,she _ as a teacher here.,From then on,she _ as a teacher here.,from,since,has worked,worked,4)till,、,until,till(until),与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中，与短暂动词连,用一般用在否定句中。如：,He waited for me till twelve oclock.,He didnt get up till(until)10 a.m.,但注意：在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用,till,而用,until,。,如：,Not until 10 a.m.did he get up.,他等到我,12,点,.,他直到,10,点才起床,5)in,、,after,、,later,in,+,一段时间：表示说话时为起点一段时间之后，,与一般将来时连用；,但表示“在,之内”时，用于各种时态。,after,+,一段时间表示：“在过去一段时间之后”，用于一般过去时；,+,一点时间时，用于各种时态。,The doctor will be with us _ six minutes.,We will meet again _ two weeks.He received her letter _four weeks.,He will receiver her letter _ 2 oclock.,另外，,in+,一段时间,+s+time,与,within+,一段时间的用法如下：,in a weeks time=in a weekThey will arrive in three days time.(,与将来时连用,),in,=within,in,after,after,6).,具体时间用不同的介词,:,在放假期间,_the holiday,三天之后,three days _,持续了五个月,last _ five months,during,later,for,（二）考查表示地点的介词,1),in/on/at,at,与小的地点连用,有“在某一点”的含义。,at the station/airport/at the cinema/,arrive at a village,in,与大的地方连用或表示在一个立体空间内”的含义。,in the room/arrive in a big city,o,n,表示沿途,/,沿着边,on the side of the road/on the right/left,on the bank of the river,eg.1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.,2)They arrived _a small village before dark.,3)There is a big hole _ the wall.,4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.,in,at,in,on,易混淆介词及词组归类,1,in,the east of,（,在范围之内的方向,）,to,the east of,（,在范围之外又互不相连,）,on,the east of,（,在范围之外但紧密相连,）,2,in the tree,（,表示树上不能生长的东西,）,on the tree,（,表示能在树上生长的东西,）,3 in the wall,（,在墙的内部,）,on the wall,（,在墙的表面,）,（三）表示方位介词,1,）,in/to/on,in,表示一个地方在另一个地方的范围内,to,表示两地相隔,on-,表示两地相邻,China is in the east of Asia.,Guangdong Province is on the southeast of Guangxi.,Japan is to the east of China.,in,on,to,2)in front of,in the front of,in front of,表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；,in the front of,表示“在,的前部”，在某个范围以内。,例如：,There are some tall trees in front of the building.,在大楼前有一些高树。,The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.,老师坐在教室前面,3,）,Across/through,Across,表示从一端至另一端横跨横渡,;,在物体表面上的通过，与,on,有关,through,则表示在三维空间内部“穿过”。与,in,有关；,表示透过,通过带洞的物体,.,It took them 6 weeks to walk _ the great desert.I walked _ the forest/the crowd.,The moonlight went _ the window.,He studied the sky _ the telescope.,He swam _ the river within 5 minutes.,across,across,through,through,through,（,4,）,between:,在（两者）之间,among:,在（三者以上）之间,1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach._ them were his parents.,2)Tom sits _Lucy and Lily.,注意：,课间,休息,_,Among,between,break time between classes,5,）表示“在,的上面”的,on,over,，,above:,On:,在物体表面上,相接触的,.,反义词,:,beneath,over,表示“正上方,;,还可表示“越过”覆盖”,.,反义词是,under,above,只表示“在上方”但不一定在“正上方”。,反义词是,below,还可表示温度、水位等“高于”,There is a bridge _ the river,Our plane flew _ the clouds.,There is a picture _ the wall.,over,above,on,6,）,below,与,under,都可表示“低于”，,under,主要表示垂直在下的正下方，,而,below,则不一定表示正下方,(,可以是正下方或非正下方,),Look in the cupboard _ the sink.,到洗碗池下面的柜子里找一找。,The climbers stopped 300 meters _ the,top of the mountain.,登山队员们在离山顶,300,米处停了下来。,换句话说，表示正下方，两者都可用；不表示正下方，,则通常用,below,。,below under,below,below,与,under,2.,两者均可表示数量方面的“少于”，但在现代英语中，,以用,under,为多见。如：,There were _ forty people at