PEP小学英语词法构成规则与练习

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,PEP小学英语词法构成规则与练习,犁牛河学区中心学校 张高增,一、名词复数规则,1.,一般情况，直接加-s,，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,2.,以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es,，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,watch-watches(手表),3.,以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries 但boy-boys,4.,以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es,，如：knife-knives leaf-leaves,5.以o结尾 有生命的加es 无生命的加s，如：potato-potatoes tomatoes photo-photos piano-pianos,不规则名词的复数,：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,child-children,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,goose-geese,不可数名词没有复数形式,：paper,juice,water,milk,rice,tea,在具体句子中我们应该把不可数名词当成单数看待,写出下列各词的复数,I _him _this _ her _,child _photo _ diary_day_ foot_book_dress_tooth_ sheep _box_peach_ man_ woman_ paper_ juice_ water_ milk_,动词的第三人称单数的变化规则,1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,make-makes,2以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes,3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies 但play-plays,不规则变化,have-has,写出下列动词的第三人称单数,drink _ g,o,_ st,a,y _,make _look _,have,_ pas,s,_come_wat,ch,_ plant_ f,l,y _stu,d,y_ d,o,_tea,ch,_ pl,a,y _,动词的ing形式（,动词的现在分词）,的变化规则,1 一般情况下直接在动词后面加ing,read-reading sleep-sleeping study-studying clean-cleaning play-playing,2 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉字母e，再加ing,come-coming make-making ride-riding have-having take-taking,write-writing dance-dancing,3 以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节）结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing,stop-stopping停 sit-sitting坐 run-running跑 beginbeginning开始,cut-cutting切 get-getting得到 swim-swimming游 dig-digging挖,写出下列动词的现在分词（即ing形式）：play_ run_swim_ make_go_like_ write_ ski_ read_ have_sing_ dance_ put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_,动词过去式变化规则：,1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：clean-cleaned,cook-cooked,2以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加d，如：like-liked live-lived,3末尾有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，双写末尾的辅音字母，加-ed，如：stop-stopped,4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied 但play-played,5不规则动词过去式：am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,fly-flew,swim-swam,写出下列动词的过去式,isam_ fly_ plant_ are _play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ draw_ put _swim_ kick_ pass_ do_,六、比较级,1,、比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。,一般句式的构成：,A+is/are+形容词比较级+than+B,A 是主格 B 是宾格,如：She is taller than me.,2形容词加er的规则：一般在词尾加er 如：small-smaller clean-cleaner ；以字母e 结尾，加r 如：fine-finer nice-nicer；闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er 如：big-bigger hot-hotter；,以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 如：heavy-haevier easy-easier。,3不规则形容词比较级：good-better,八、人称代词和物主代词,