四级翻译讲解精编版课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,四级翻译讲解,1.,简介,在四级新题型考试中，翻译题所占分值为,5%,。由,5,个句子组成，要求考生将句子的一部分由中文翻译成英文。它考查的内容主要包括两部分，一是意群的表达，二是句法。,2.,解题技巧,1),首先，确定关键词,(,一般由两个词或词组组成,),，寻找可能的英文相应表达；,2),然后，利用相应的语法结构或功能连接方式,(connectives),将两个英文词或词组连接起来；,3),最后，结合待翻译的文字在句子中所处的位置与功能，根据句法结构理顺语言。,3.,分析考题,翻译考题的考点通常是：语法，词汇和固定搭配。有时一个考题中同时出现多个考点，但是为了分析之便，我们根据考题的侧重点把考题分类成以下三大考点：,一、语法结构,(grammar),、,二、重点单词,(key words),、,三、固定搭配,(set structures),。,一,语法结构（,grammar,）：动名词、虚拟语气、倒装、状语从句（最常考）、定语从句。,1,动名词,(,gerund,),：,87.,Having spent,some time in the city,he had no trouble,finding,the way to the history museum.,(,找到去历史博物馆的路,)(2006.6),2,虚拟语气（,subjunctive mood,）：,89.,The victim,might have survived,(,本来会有机会活下来,),if he had been taken to hospital in time.,(2006.12),3,倒装,(,inversion,),：,Not only,did he overcharge me,(,他向我收费过高,),but he didnt do a good repair job either,.,考点：,Not only,引起的部分倒装,(,助动词提前,),4,状语从句（,adverbial clauses,）：,1),目的状语,(,adverbial clauses of purpose,),：,88.,In order to,make money to support my schooling,Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.,（,2006.6,）,2),让步状语,(adverbial clauses of concession),：,91.,Though,a skilled worker,he was fired by the company,(,他被公司解雇了,)last week because of the economic crisis.,（,2006.6,）,3),时间状语,(adverbial clauses of time),：,90.Some psychologists claim that people,may feel lonely when they,re away from home.,（,出门在外时可能会感到孤独,）,(2006.12),4),条件状语,(adverbial clauses of condition),：,91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning,if it,s convenient for you.,(,如果你方便的话,)(2007.6.),5),比较状语,(,结构,),(adverbial clauses of comparison or comparative constructions),：,88.Since my childhood I have found that,to me,nothing is more interesting than reading.,(,没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力,),（,2006.12,）,90.The more you explain,the more confused I am,(,我愈糊涂,),（,2006.6,）,5,定语从句,(attributive clauses),：,88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is,the field(where)we can cooperate.,(,我们可以合作的领域,)(2007.6),二,重点单词,(key words),：,89.The professor,required,that,we(should)hand in the research report,(,我们交研究报告,)by Wednesday.,（,2006.6,）,87.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to,adapt,oneself to life in different cultures.,(2006.12),87.The finding of this study failed to take,the quality of human,s sleep into,consideration,.,(,将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内,)(2007.6),89.Because of the leg injury,the athlete,decided to,quit,the match.,(,决定退出比赛,)(2007.6),90.To make donations or for more information,please,contact,us at the following address.,(,按以下地址和我们联系,)(2007.6),注,:,词汇是学习语言的基础，一定要重视词汇的积累！,三,固定搭配,(set structures),：,91.The nations population continues to rise,at a rate of 12 million per year.,(,以每年,1200,万人的速度,).(2006.12),87.The finding of this study failed to,take account of,the quality of humans sleep.(,将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内,)(2007.6),91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning,at your convenience.,(,如果你方便的话,)(2007.6),4.,解题步骤,第一步,：首先快速浏览句子，先看英语不看汉语，从而判断划线处所填句子的,形式、时态。,所谓,形式,包括：,1,词组固定搭配,(,不定式短语、分词短语、动名词、句子等,),2.,虚拟,3.,被动,所谓,时态,是指,根据前后已经给出的英语句子判断所填英语句子的时态。,第二步,：看括号里面的汉语句子，以,核心谓语动词,为切入点，找准主谓宾、分清定状补。,第三步,：先翻译主谓宾、后翻译定状补，切块对应翻译，重新组合。动词注意时态，名词注意单复数。,第四步,：通读句子，检查错误。看看句子是否通顺，你的翻译跟原来的英文是否协调一致。,5.,真题详解：,2006.12,1.Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy,to(,适应不同文化中的生活,).06.12,第一步：由,it is not easy to,可以推出，划线处应该接,动词原形,。,第二步：分析“适应不同文化的生活”核心,谓语动词,是“适应”，“不同文化的”作,定语,，“生活”作,宾语,第三步：,(1).,切块对应翻译：“适应”,=,adapt to;adapt oneself to,；,“生活”,=,life,；“不同文化的”,=,different cultures,(2).,重新组合：,adapt oneself to the life in different cultures,考察知识点,：,词组固定搭配,adapt oneself to sth/doing sth“,适应,-”,2.Since my childhood I have found that(,没有什么比,读书对我更有吸引力,).,第一步：由,Since my childhood I have found that,可以推出，划线处应该填写一个句子。,第二步：分析“没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力”,核心谓语动词,是“比,-,更有吸引力”，“没有什么”,作主语,，“读书”作,宾语,，“对我”作,状语,。,第三步：,(1).,切块对应翻译：“比,-,更有吸引力”,=,be more attractive to sb,，“没有什么”,=,nothing,，“读书”,=,reading,，“对我”,=,for/to me,。,(2).,重新组合：,nothing is more attractive to me than reading,考察知识点,：,比较级,nothing+,比较级,=,最高级；时态：因为从句叙述的是现在的事情，所以用一般现在是即可。,3.The victim(,本来会有机会活下来,)if he had been taken to hospital in time.,第一步：由,The victim,可以推出，划线处应该填写,谓语动词和宾语,使得主句完整，并且主句形式、时态根据后面的,if he had been taken to hospital in time,确定应该采取虚拟语气，是对过去的虚拟。,第二步：分析“本来会有机会活下来”,核心谓语,动词是“本来有机会,-”,，“活下来”作,宾语,。,第三步：,(,1).,切块对应翻译：“本来有机会,-”=,would have a chance to do sth,，“活下来”,=,survive,(2).,重新组合：,would have a chance to survive.,正确答案,：,would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival,could have survived,考察知识点,：,虚拟语气,与过去相反的虚拟语气，从句用,had done,，主句用,would have done,有机会做某事：,have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth-,4.Some psychologists claim that people(,出门在外时可能会感到孤独,).,第一步：由,Some psychologists claim that people.,可以推出，划线处应该填写谓语动词和宾语使得主句完整，并且主句时态用一般现在时。,第二步：分析“出门在外时可能会感到孤独”,核心谓语,动词是“可能会感到”，“孤独”作,宾语,，“出门在外时”作,状语,。,第三步：,(1).,切块对应翻译：“可能会感到”,=,may feel,，“孤独”,=,lonely,，“出门在外时”,be away from home,.,(2).,重新组合：,may feel lonely when they are away from home,.,考察知识点,：,词性辨析,lonely.adj.,孤独的、寂寞的；,alone.adj.,独自的；“出门在外”的翻译。,When they are not in their hometown,5.The nations population continues to rise(,以每年,1200,万人的速度,).,第一步：由句中部分可以推出，划线处应该填写状语或补语。,第二步：分析“以每年,1