OfStudies翻译与鉴赏

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Of Studies,翻译与鉴赏,Lectured by,Zhu Jianping,作者简介、主要内容和文体风格,1.,作者简介,Francis Bacon(1561-1626),：文艺复兴时期英国著名哲学家和散文家；英国唯物主义哲学奠基人，近代实验科学的先驱；崇尚科学，提倡从研究事实中归纳出结论，反对从概念到概念的演绎。,2.,主要内容,1,）读书的作用；,2,）读书的方法。,3.,文体风格,1,）多排句、类比、短句、省略句；,2,）文字紧凑简洁，文句机智精辟，分析周密深刻，“颇似我国唐宋某些古文大师的风格”,3,）格言警句俯拾即是,4,）文词古雅,1,Studies,serve for,1,delight,for,ornament,2,and for ability.Their chief use for delight,is in,privateness and retiring,3,;for ornament,is in,discourse,4,;and for ability,is in the judgement,and,disposition of business,5,.,释义,1,serve for,起,作用，被用作（,serve the purpose of,study,）,2,ornament,装饰,/,装饰品；此处指,多读书可以旁征博引，显得有才学,。,3,privateness,私有,/,秘密,/,不公开,/(,地方等,),隔绝,/,隐蔽,/,幽僻,retiring=retirement,退休,/,职,/,役；,离群索居,/,孑然独处,privateness and retiring,幽居独处,4,discourse,演讲,/,讲道；谈话,/,交谈,5,disposition(,安排,/,布置,/,处理,management,)of business(,事情,/,事务,),Studies,serve for,delight,for,ornament,and for ability.Their chief use for delight,is in,privateness and retiring,;for ornament,is in,discourse,;and for ability,is in the judgement,and,disposition of business,.,译文,1,：读书,给人,乐趣、,文雅,和能力。人们,独居或退隐,的时候，最能体会到读书的乐趣；,谈话,的时候，最能表现出读书的,文雅,；,判断和处理事物,的时候，最能发挥由读书而获得的能力。,译文,2,：读书可以,怡情养性,，可以,摭,1,拾文采,，可以,增长才干,。在,幽居独处,时，最能体现其怡情养性的作用；在,友朋交谈,中，最能体现其摭拾文采的作用；在处世论事之际，最能体现其增长才干的作用。,译文,3,：读书足以怡情，足以,傅,2,彩,，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。,1,摭,(,zh),：拾取,/,摘取,(pick up;gather),2,傅：涂抹（如“傅粉”）,2,For,expert men,1,can,execute,2,and perhaps judge of,particulars,3,one by one;but the,general counsels,4,and,the plots,and marshalling of affairs,5,come best from those that are learned.,1,专家,/,能手,/,内行,/,阅历丰富的人,2,carry out/perform an action;to put into effect,执行,3,a separate case or an individual thing or instance,especially one that can be distinguished from a larger category or class.Often used in the plural,细节,/,部分,/,个别问题,4,counsel:,something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action,忠告,/,劝告,/,建议,general counsel,总的计划,/,大计,5,plots:a secret scheme to do something(especially something underhand or illegal(,秘密,),计划,/,密谋,/,谋划,/,出谋划策,marshal:arrange in logical order;make ready for action or use,安排,/,使准备行动,/,统率,/,管理,affairs,事务,the plots,and marshalling of affairs,对事务的计划和安排,For,expert men,1,can,execute,2,and perhaps judge of,particulars,3,one by one;but the,general counsels,4,and,the plots,and marshalling of affairs,5,come best from those that are learned.,译文,1,：那些,有实际经验而没有学识的人,，也许能够一一,实行,或判断,某些事物的细微末节,，但对于,事业的一般指导,、,筹划与处理,，还是真正有学问的人才能胜任。,译文,2,：,阅历丰富的人,虽能逐一判断或,处理,具体问题,，但,出谋划策，统筹全局,，唯有博学之士最能胜任。,译文,3,：,练达之士,虽能,分别处理细事,或,一一判别枝节,，然,纵观统筹、全局策划,，则舍好学深思者莫属。,3,To spend too much time in studies,is,sloth,1,;to use them too much for ornament,is,affectation,2,;to make judgement,wholly by their rules,3,is the,humour,4,of a scholar.,1,懒散,/,懒惰,2,装模作样,/,故弄玄虚,/,矫揉造作矫情,3,完全按规则,/,规章,/,规定,/,条例；完全按书本的条条框框,4,a characteristic(habitual or relatively temporary)state of feeling,心境,/,情绪,/,性情,/,脾气（古义），此处指怪癖,To spend too much time in studies,is,sloth,1,;to use them too much for ornament,is,affectatio,n,2,;to make judgement,wholly by their rules,3,is the,humour,4,of a scholar.,译文,1,：,耗费过多时间去读便是,迟滞,，过分用学问自炫便是,矫揉造作,，而,全凭学理,判断一切，则是书呆子的,癖好,。,译文,2,：,读书费时过多则,懒散,；过于追求文采显得,矫揉造作,；,全凭书中条条框框,论事，未免书生,气,过重。,译文,3,：,读书费时过多,易惰,，文采藻饰太盛则,矫,，,全凭条文,断事乃学究,故态,。,4,They,1,perfect,2,nature,3,and are perfected by experience:for,natural abilities,4,are like natural plants,that need,proyning,5,by study;and studies themselves do,give forth,6,directions,too much at large,7,except,8,they,1,be bounded in,9,by experience.,1,=studies,2,使完美,/,完善,/,改善,3,天然,/,天性,/,性格,/,性质,4,天生的能力,5,proyning(,古,)=pruning=cultivation,修剪枝叶,/,栽培,6,give forth,发出,(,气味,)/,发表,(,意见等,),7,(too much)at large(,过于,),笼统,/,含糊,/,任意,/,不着边际,/,不具体,8,(,古义,)=unless,9,bound(vt.),：限制,/,制约,be bounded,in,(adv.)=be checked,限制,They,1,perfect,2,nature,3,and are perfected by experience:for,natural abilities,4,are like natural plants,that need,proyning,5,by study;and studies themselves do,give forth,6,directions,too much at large,7,except they,be bounded in,8,by experience.,译文,1,：,学问,能,美化,人性,，经验又能充实学问。天生的植物需要人工,修剪,，,人类的本性,也需要学问诱导，而学问本身又必须以经验来,规范,，否则便,太迂阔,了。,译文,2,：,须知,读书,固可,补,天然,之不足,，而经验又补读书之不足。因为,天生才干,犹如天然花木，需靠读书,修枝剪叶,。而书本知识如不以经验相,制约,，其教导也难免,过于笼统,。,译文,3,：,读书,补,天然,之不足,，经验又补读书之不足，盖,天生才干,犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何,修剪移接,；而书中所示，如不以经验,范,之，则又,大而无当,。,5,Crafty men,1,condemn studies,simple men,2,admire them,and wise men use them;for,they teach not their own use,3,;but,that,4,is a wisdom,without,5,them,6,and above them,won by observation.,1,有手艺的人,/,有一技之长的人,/,掌握了技术的人,2,迟钝的人,/,头脑简单的人,/,无知的人,/,浅薄的人,3,they=studies,；学问本身并不教人如何使用它们,4,=their own use,书本的用处,5,=outside,6,=studies,书本,/,学问,Crafty men,1,condemn studies,simple men,2,admire them,and wise men use them;for,they teach not their own use,3,;but,that,4,is a wisdom,without,5,them,6,and above them,won by observation.,译文,1,：,技巧的人,轻视学问，,浅薄的人,惊服学问，聪明的人却能利用学问。因为,学问本身并不曾把它的用途教给人,，至于,如何去应用它,，那是在,学问,之外,，超越学问之上、由观察而获得的一种聪明呢！,译文,2,：,有实际才干的人,鄙薄书本；,头脑简单的人,羡慕书本；只有聪明人才会运用书本。因为,书籍本