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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第二部分 语法专题研究,专题十四 构词法,分析近,5,年贵州真题可知，贵州中考对构词法会在单项选择、完形填空中以辨析形式出现，如（,luck,lucky,unlucky,），词汇运用（适当形式填空）、短文填空和改错题对构词法则以词形转换的方式进行考查。具体命题特点如下：,1.,名词形容词 如：,dangerdangerous,；,2.,动词名词 如：,actactivity,；,3.,动词形容词 如：,helphelpful,；,4.,形容词名词 如：,differentdifference,；,5.,形容词副词 如：,happyhappily,。,预计,2016,年贵州中考对构词法主要在词汇运用、短文填空题型中以词性转换的方式考查，但也会在单项选择、完形填空、改错题中以同根词辨析形式考查。从词形变换上来看，主要以形容词变为副词、形容词变为名词为主，但学生也要积累动词变为形容词、动词变为名词和名词变为形容词的相关词汇，提前备考。,1.The girl was _ enough to make her mother not know her failure on the final exam.,A.care,B.careful C.careless,D.carefully,B,练讲重难点,考点抢测,2.The boy looked _ at his brother who was badly wounded.,A.sadly B.sadness C.sad,A,3.Stephenson became the _ railway engineer in the world.,A.lead B.leaderC.leading D.leadership,C,满分点拨,常见的构词法,构词法,主要方式,例词,转化法,名词,动词,rain,雨,下雨,形容词,动词,clean,干净的,打扫,构词法,主要方式,例词,转化法,（,把一种词性用作另一种词性，,而词形不变）,形容词,名词,Chinese,中国的,中国人,动词,名词,cook,烹饪,厨师,合成法,（,把两个独立的单词合在一起构成新词,）,名词名词,book,shelf bookshelf,副词动词,over,come overcome,名词形容词,home,sick homesick,构词法,主要方式,例词,派生法,（,在词前或词后加前缀或后缀构成新词,）,前缀词根,un,important unimportant,词根后缀,visit,or visitor,前缀,前缀,意思,例词,前缀,意思,例词,re,再,重复,retell,en,使可能,enable,anti,反对,防止,antiwar,tele,远程,telephone,super-,超级的,superman,in,不,非,inexpensive,im,不,impolite,il,不,非,illegal,ir,不,irregular,un,不,unhappy,non,不,非,nonsmoker,dis,不,dishonest,mis,错误的,mistake,词类,后缀,例词,名词,(2012,年,2,次；,2011,年,4,次,),er,or/,n,an,ian,/,ese,/,ing,/,ist,ment,/,ness/,ship/,th,/,ion,tion,ation,/,ty,inventor;musician,；,Chinese;shopping,；,artist;development,；,happiness;friendship,；,truth;education;safety,形容词,able/,al/,ed/,en/,ern,/,ing,/,ive,/,ful,/,less/,ly,/,ous,/,y,enjoyable;natural;,surprised;wooden,；,southern;surprising,；,active;useful;useless,；,friendly;famous;sunny,后缀,词类,后缀,例词,数词,teen/,ty,/,th,fifteen;forty;ninth,副词,ly,truly,happily,同根词辨析,贵州近,5,年中考还涉及同根词的考查,，,现以词条的形式列举如下：,(1)health,healthy,与,healthily,（,2012,遵义,）,(2)usual,unusual,与,usually,（,2012,遵义,）,(3)dreamers,dreams,与,dreamer,（,2011,遵义,）,(4)breathing,breath,breathe,与,breathed,（,2011,铜仁,）,(5)chemicals,chemical,chemist,与,chemistry,（,2011,铜仁,）,
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