资源描述
Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click To Edit Title Style, LOGO ,COMPANY LOGOTYPE INSERT,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click To Edit Title Style,*, LOGO ,COMPANY LOGOTYPE INSERT,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Click To Edit Title Style, LOGO ,COMPANY LOGOTYPE INSERT, , , , , , ,*,*, LOGO ,COMPANY LOGOTYPE INSERT, LOGO ,COMPANY LOGOTYPE INSERT, , , , , ,Click To Edit Title Style,*,Panama Canal,Lecturers: YU JIE Xue WU SHAN,It is located in Central American panama, across panama isthmus, and faces the west Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It connects the north and the South American continent .,The canal is known as one of Seven Wonders of Engineering and one of the World Bridge.,The geographical position,Construction,background,Because of shipping between the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans increasingly developed, the Panama Canal digging will bring many benefits. The canal make voyage New York to San Francisco shorten 16%, Liverpool to San Francisco voyage shorten 43%, while voyage New York to Sydney also shorten 28%. Communication between the Atlantic and the Pacific make from Europe to the Pacific sea voyage is much shorter.,Construction history,1879,3,4,5,The international conference decided the French government to,take fully responsibility for construction of the canal.,France has announced formally started to dig the Panama Canal.,Because of the epidemic occurrence, spread and financial,difficulties, cutting project finally came to a standstill.,In the end it was built by the American government which controls,it 65 years from 1914 to 1979.,Roosevelt was elected President of the United States. He,decided to let the dream come true.,1801,1880,1889,1914,1980,Becoming an international navigation channel.,Problem,Threaten,snake,、,mosquito,Tropical,climate,Yellow,fever,Hundreds of thousands of,people was,hired to dig the canal,In the whole construction,process, workers from all,over the world including,many Chinese workers,pay the effort for the Panama Canal.,Then the workers had to,labor under extremely poor,conditions, leading to,70000,panama and other national,Labor death.,Solutions,As the mentioned above, the Americans,learned a lesson from French .,Before setting out to build the canal,Americans must improve local living,conditions. The workers dig Wells,building drainage channel, and control,the plague.,They estimate a mosquito costs about,$10, including draining the swamp,spraying pesticides in breeding ground.,When the yellow fever and diarrhea cases,decline, they began to work.,dig,Wells,build,drainage channel,spray,pesticides,control,the plague,drain the,swamp,As the mentioned above, the Americans,learned a lesson from French .,Before setting out to build the canal,Americans must improve local living,conditions. The workers dig Wells,building drainage channel, and control,the plague.,They estimate a mosquito costs about,$,10, including draining the swamp,spraying pesticides in breeding ground.,When the yellow fever and diarrhea cases,decline, they began to work.,dig,Wells,The project,build,drainage channel,spray,pesticides,control,the plague,Construction Scale,Scale,Measure,The canal is 82 kilometers long,，,its width is from 152 meters to 304meters,and depth is 13 meters to 15 meters. The canal water level above the Atlantic and the Pacific 26 meters.,Scope,Due to the opening of the panama canal, between,the Pacific and Atlantic,distance shortened 5000 km to 10000 km. Now, each year about 12000 to 15000 ships ship from all over the world through the canal.,Cost,France paid a $300 million firstly, and then the US paid a total of $375 million. A total of 259 million cubic meters soil was dug and 4.5 million cubic meters concrete was used,
展开阅读全文