教育专题：初中完形填空解题技巧

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Guessing The Words,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Cloze,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Cloze,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Cloze,Skills of Cloze Tests,完形填空解题技巧,一、中考英语完形填空的命题特点,中考英语完形填空旨在全面考查考生,英语基础知识,和,综合运用语言的能力,，其中包括,词汇辨析能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑推理和判断能力,等。它不仅要求考生具有扎实的基础知识，而且还要求考生具有独立分析、对比取舍及灵活处理问题的能力。,完形填空的命题原则是,“,以实词为主，虚词为辅，突出词汇语境化,”,。实词中偏重于对,动词,和,名词,的考查，同时也兼顾对,形容词、副词,以及其它词类的考查。试题以,情境意义选择为主,，纯语法性选择近年已趋近于零。,广东高考完形填空题究竟考什么？怎么考？请看以下研究结果。,命题揭密,完型填空的特点：,(1),首句不设空：,因为首句是文章的窗口，不设空有助于考生了解或推测全文的大意，,(2),选项特点：,同一小题的四个选项必须是同一词类，且为同一语法形式。,(3),设空方式：,命题者主要从以下三种层面上设题。,句子层面：,在理解本句的基础上重要信息点可能在空格前，也可能在空格后。,句组层面：,考生需在理解空格所在句及其前一句或后一句之后才可选出正确答案。,语篇层面：,必须理解前后几句或上下段落，甚至整个篇章，才可选出正确答案。,轻语法，重逻辑,How to get high scores,？,1.,正确的答题步骤,2.,必要的答题技巧,3.,适量的实践训练,1.,注重首句，浏览全文,掌握大意。,a.,应用阅读技能,进行缺词阅读,.,b.,注意首段和末端以及每个段落的首句,.,2.,注重语境，瞻前顾后,试填答案。,a.,先填上固定搭配与习惯表达,基本句型等较容易的空格,.,b.,对语境和语义还不太明朗的空格要反复推敲,力争突破难点,.,3.,通读全文,检查核对,.,确保最佳。,解题步骤与策略,hospital,night,no / little,Warming-up:,请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致,1.Mr Black is a,doctor, he works in the _ .,2.A nurse not only works,in the day, but also works during the_.,3.He is rather,busy, so he has _ time to have lunch at home.,4.We have an English test this term, its very,easy, most students can _this test.,5.The whole class went to the zoo yesterday, they were very,tired,_happy.,pass,but,Warming-up:,请根据前后文填词，使句子逻辑一致,有没有什么技巧呢?,In New York, on a Friday night, a young artist stood at the gate of a train station. He was playing his,_,1,_. His music was so great that many people put money into his hat. The next day ,the young artist came to the same place, and played the violin as usual,.,1. A. piano B. guitar C. violin D. sax,violin,violin,Skill 1,：,context,（上下文、语境）,Once a king was walking around a pool with his ministers,（大臣）,. Suddenly, he came up with an idea. He asked, “How many baskets of,2,are there in the pool?” . as big as the pool, there is one basket of water,2. A. fish B. flowers C. water D. apples,basket of water,water,baskets of,When we talked, I discovered,（发现）,some differences in school life between the US and China. For example, each class lasts fifty minutes in the US. It is a little _,3,_ than that in China. We usually have forty-five minutes in each class.,3. A. shorter B. longer C. earlier D. later,fifty,forty-five,Skill 2,：,logic,（逻辑推理）,My mother often asked me,，“,What is the most important part of the body?”,I thought sound was very important to us as humans,，,so I said,“,My,4,，,Mommy,”,She said,，“,No,Many people are deaf,（聋的）,4. A. ears B. eyes C. body D. head,sound,deaf,When two people are in a conversation, the speaker will only look at the listener from time to time, in order to make sure that the listener pays attention,5,what he or she is speaking,5. A. for B. of C. with D. to,pays attention,to,Skill 3,：,regular collocation,（固定搭配）,pay attention to,注意,Skill 4,：,words analysis,（词义辨析）,6.,But by using literary texts,(,文学文本,),alongside other texts, teachers can,6,students improve their reading skills.,6.A. want B. help C. get D. ask,Skill 5,：,background knowledge,（背景知识,:,包括生活及文化方面的）,But we run so fast that, afterwards, we had trouble,7,.,7. A. speaking B. moving,C. sleeping D. breathing,run so fast,1,、,context,（上下文、语境）,3,、,regular collocation,（固定搭配）,2,、,logic,（逻辑）,Skills of Cloze Tests,(,完形填空的解题技巧,),4,、,words analysis,（词义辨析）,5,、,background knowledge,（背景知识）,1.,Martin Luther King was an important,1,of black people in American. He believed that black people and white people should have equal rights. In 1963, Dr King,led a march in Washington D.C. A lot of Americans went there to take part in the,2,. They wanted the government to,3,the laws that were unfair to black people. Dr King believed in gaining equal rights for all people through peace and not force. When he was killed in 1968, the United States,4,a great leader.,1) A. runner B. singer C. leader D. teacher,2) A. crowd B. war C. group D. march,3) A. sign B sell C. pass D. change,4) A. lost B. found C. bought D. died,leader,march,that were unfair to,was killed,Tess was eight years old when her parents talking about her little brother, Andrew. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very costly,1,could save him now and no one wanted to,2,them the money. She heard Daddy say to her Mother,3, “Only a miracle (,奇迹,) can save him now.”,Tess got all the change she had and,4,her way to the drug store.,A. surgeon B. companion C. protection D. operation,2. A. borrow B. lend C. make D. leave,3. A. happily B. proudly C. angrilyD. sadly,4. A. made B. took C. sailed D. passed,make one,s way to,朝,走去,5. A. doubtful B. bad C. puzzling D. unlucky6. A. buy B. purchase C. sell D. share7. A. looked B. ran C. came D. rolled,“What do you want?” the clerk asked.,“A miracle. ” Tess answered. “My little brother has something,5,growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him now.”,“We dont,6,miracles here, little girl.” The clerk said.,The clerks brother was a well-dressed man. He,7,over and asked the little girl, “What kind of miracle does your brother need?”,come over,走近，走过来,look over,仔细检查,run over,撞倒 ，跑过去,roll over,翻滚；翻身,8. A. replied B. allowed C. accepted D. expected9. A. tired B. deaf C. nervous D. sick10. A. wait B. beg C. pay D. apply11. A. high B. low C. loud D. excited,“I dont know,” Tess,8,with tears in her eyes. “I just know hes really,9, but my dad cant,10,for a miracle, so I want to use my one dollar and eleven cents”. Tess answered in a,11,voice.,12. A. exact B. same C. proper D. reasonable13. A. spending B. waste C. charge D. tip14. A. achievement B. success C. medicine D. miracle15. A. devotion B. faith C. trust D. patience,“,A dollar and eleven cents,- the,12,price of a miracle for a little brother.,”,smiled the man. That well-dressed man was Dr. Carlton Armstrong, a surgeon. The operation was completed without,13,and it wasn,t long before Andrew was home again and doing well. That surgery is a real,14,. It costs one dollar and eleven cents, plus(,加上）,the,15,of a little child.,Summary,（,总结,）,2 _the answers,according to,the passage,is a good way to do a cloze.,Guessing,1 You should_the passage, then you may find the answer is just in the passage.,read through,3:Chose,the best,answers.,具体解题步骤,1,、抓住首尾，了解短文,2,、通读全文，把握脉络,3,、瞻前顾后，上下求索,4,、再读文章，核查答案,勾划、研读,首句尾句,以及有,中文注释的单词,打开答题窗口,了解全文。,跳过空格，,速读全文,，把握大意。注意文中的语篇标志，和句中的连词,捕捉关键词汇。,前后联系，先易后难。运用解题策略从句子、段落、语篇层面解题，划出,语篇标志，找准关键词、定位词,。,代入答案，再读全文，反复检查 争取做到：,结构正确,+,语义通顺,+,逻辑合理,。,少于,1,分钟,约,5,分钟,约,2,分钟,约,2,分钟,信息常识，上下呼应，搭配遣词，逻辑贯通,文中无闲句，句中无闲字,特别提示：,三、解题误区,1,、,单纯求快,忽略语篇理解,，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。,正确的做法是在整体理解语篇的基础上结合语境选择。,2,、,时间安排不当,，在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。,正确的做法是由易到难，合理分配时间。,按照解题步骤，利用解题技巧组,2014,中考模拟题，保留解题的痕迹。,首、尾句及文章中心句：,关键词，提示词：,完形填空推荐圈点勾画符号：,Have a try!,Close tests are,interesting and,challenging, though difficult.,Bye!,