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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,冠词用法小结,冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是,定冠词,（,the Definite Article,），,另一种是,不定冠词,（,the Indefinite Article,），,还有一种是,零冠词,（,Zero Article,）。,冠词及冠词的用法,1,不定冠词,a(an),与数词,one,同源，是,“,一个,”,的意思。,a,用于辅音音素前，一般读作,e,，而,an,则用于元音音素前，一般读做,en,。,表示,“,一个,”,，意为,one,；指某人或某物，,意为,a certain,。,2),代表一类人或物。,3),词组或成语。,A Mr.Ling is waiting for you.,A knife is a tool for cutting with.,Mr.Smith is an engineer.,a little/a few/a lot/a type of/a pile/a great many/many a/as a rule/in a hurry/in a minute/in a word/in a short while/after a while/have a cold/have a try/keep an eye on/all of a sudden,不定冠词的用法,2,4)a third time,又一，再一,5,）,I cant find a better job.,6)a most+adj.+,名词 表“一个非常,的,”,the most+adj.+,名词,eg,:This is a most interesting film.,This is the most interesting film that,I have ever seen.,7),变成,:He became a doctor.,He turned a doctor.,8)Child as he is,he can speak Japanese.,不定冠词的用法,2,定冠词,不定冠词及零冠词表类别,1.,a+n,单数,He is a teacher.,2.the+n,单数,Who invented the computer?,3.,零冠词,+n,复数,Tigers sometimes can be very kind.,4.,零冠词,+n,不可数,Music can bring people pleasure.,定冠词，不定冠词及零冠词表类别,1.Doctor is a person who saves peoples life.,2.Do you have the pen?I want to sign my,name.,3.The iron is harder than stone.,4.Nowadays,young people dont like to,read the books,but are addicted to,computer games.,5.The Trees can help clean the air.,6.The money is not everything.,定冠词，不定冠词及零冠词表类别,1.,A,doctor is a person who saves peoples life.,2.Do you have,a,pen?I want to sign my name.,3.The iron is harder than,the,stone.,4.Nowadays,young people dont like to,read,the,books,but are addicted to,computer games.,5.,The,trees can help clean the air.,6.,The,money is not everything.,比较“,a”,和“,an”,的不同用法,a,用于发音以辅音开头的词前，,an,用于发音以元音开头的词前：,a university student,一个大学生,an umbrella,一把雨伞,a European,一个欧洲人,an Englishman,一个英国人,a one-eyed man,一个独眼人,an old man,一个老人,a house,一栋房子,an hour,一个小时,an honest boy,一个诚实的孩子,a man,一位男士,an“m”,一个“,m”,定冠词,the,与指示代词,this,，,that,同源，有,“,那（这）个,”,的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。,1,）特指双方都明白的人或物：,2,）上文提到过的人或事：,Take the medicine.,把药吃了。,He bought a house.,Ive been to the house.,他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。,3,）指世上独一物二的事物：,the sun,，,the sky,，,the moon,，,the earth,4,）单数名词连用表示一类事物，,如：,the dollar,美元,;the fox,狐狸,；,或与形容词或分词连用，,表示一类人,：,the rich,富人,;the living,生者,。,定冠词的用法,3,定冠词,the,与指示代词,this,，,that,同源，有,“,那（这）个,”,的意思，但较弱，可以和一个名词连用，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。,1,）特指双方都明白的人或物：,2,）上文提到过的人或事：,Take the medicine.,把药吃了。,He bought a house.,Ive been to the house.,他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。,3,）指世上独一物二的事物：,the sun,，,the sky,，,the moon,，,the earth,4,）单数名词连用表示一类事物，,如：,the dollar,美元,;the fox,狐狸,；,或与形容词或分词连用，,表示一类人,：,the rich,富人,;the living,生者,。,定冠词的用法,3,5,）用在序数词和形容词最高级，及形容词,only,，,very,，,same,等前面：,Where do you live?,I live on the second floor.,你住在哪？我住在二层。,Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.,那正是我要找的东西。,6,）与复数名词连用，指整个群体：,They are the teachers of this school.,(,指全体教师,),They are teachers of this school.,(,指部分教师,),7,）表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前：,She caught me by the arm.,她抓住了我的手臂。,8,）用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级 、等专有名词前：,the Peoples Republic of China,中华人民共和国,the United States,美国,固定结构,:,动词,+sb.+,介词,+the+,身体某一部位常见此类动词有：,take,catch,hold,seize,pull,hit,cut,strike,pat,lead,等。常用介词有：,in,on,by,等,.,一般表“抓住，领着”用介词,by,表示“击中，拍打”较硬且突出的部位用,on,较软，陷入的部位用,in.1.The policeman caught the thief _,the,arm.2.The teacher patted the child _,the,shoulder and encouraged him to answer.3.A stone hit me _ the face and eye asI walked by the garden.4.I often have a pain _ the leg.,by,on,in,in,9,）用在表示乐器的名词之前：,She plays the piano.,她会弹钢琴。,10),用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示一家人：,the Greens,格林一家人,(,或格林夫妇,),11),用在惯用语中：,in the day,in the morning(afternoon,，,evening),the day after tomorrow,the day before yesterday,the next morning,in the sky(water,，,field,，,country),in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,in the middle(of),in the end,on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre,1,）国名，人名前通常不用定冠词,：,England,，,Mary,；,2,）泛指的复数名词，表示一类人或事物时，,可不用定冠词；,They are teachers.,他们是教师。,3,）抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词：,Failure is the mother of success.,失败乃成功之母。,4,）物质名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词，,当表示特定的意思时，需要加定冠词：,Man cannot live without water.,人离开水就无法生存。,5,）在季节、月份、节日、假日、日期、星期等,表示时间的名词之前，不加冠词：,We go to school from Monday to Friday.,我们从星期一到星期五都上课。,零冠词的用法,4,6,）在称呼或表示官衔，职位的名词前不加冠词：,The guards took the American to General Lee.,士兵们把这个美国人送到李将军那里。,7,）在三餐、球类运动和娱乐运动的名称前，,不加冠词 如：,have breakfast,，,play chess,8,）单数名词对应使用时，常省去冠词：,I cant write without pen or pencil.,没有钢笔和铅笔，我就写不了字。,9,）当,by,与火车等交通工具连用，表示一种方式时，,中间无冠词：,by bus,，,by train,；,8,）单数名词对应使用时,常省去冠词,1.all day and all night 2.arm in arm,3.day after day,日复一日,4.day by day,逐日,5.face to face 6.hand in hand,7.heart and soul 8.husband and wife,9.little by little 10.man and woman,11.one by one,一个接一个,12.side by side,13.step by step 14.shoulder to shoulder,15.time and time again,反复地,16.from time to time,时不时地,17.woman and children 18.father and son,11,）不用冠词的序数词,:,10,）有些个体名词不用冠词；如：,school,，,college,，,prison,，,market,，,hospital,，,bed,，,table,，,class,，,town,，,church,，,court,等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义；,go to hospital,去医院看病,go to the hospita
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