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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,ppt精选,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,二级,三级,四级,五级,*,专题二动词和动词短语,语法专题,1,ppt精选,动词的辨析,动词短语的考查要点,易错易混点,语法填空,语法与写作,2,ppt精选,1,动词的辨析,动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是单项填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指：,1,词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：,lie,，,lay,；,rise,，,raise,；,sit,，,seat,等。,2,意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：,borrow,，,lend,；,speak,，,say,，,talk,；,hope,，,wish,等。,3,ppt精选,3,动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：,advise,，,advice,；,cost,，,worth,；,pass,，,past,等。,4,意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：,explain,，,say,；,discover,，,invent,；,uncover,，,find,等。,5,某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：,ask,，,give,，,call,，,make,，,get,，,keep,，,want,，,see,，,hear,等。,6,某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：,give in,，,give up,；,turn on,，,turn off,，,turn down,，,turn up,等。,4,ppt精选,选词填空,remind,，,negotiate,，,fail,，,limit,，,order,1,William found it increasingly difficult to read,，,for his eyesight was beginning to,.,2,If you don,t like the drink you,just leave it and try a different one.,3,Mary,，,I,John of his promise to help you.,4,Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful,，,but they may also,our thinking.,5,The government refuses to,with terrorists.,题组训练,1,fail,ordered,reminded,limit,negotiate,5,ppt精选,B.open,，,accumulate,，,reserve,，,earn,，,deny,6,Clinical evidence began to,，,suggesting that the new drugs had a wider range of useful activities than had been predicted from experiments in animals.,7,Are you still mad at her?,Not really,，,but I can,t,that her remarks hurt me.,8,I,d prefer to,my judgment until I find all the evidence.,9,You are old enough to,your own living.,10,I,a bank account after I made,1,000 by doing a parttime job during the summer vacation.,accumulate,deny,reserve,earn,opened,6,ppt精选,2,动词短语的考查要点,动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点：,1,根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。,(1),动词副词,(,不及物,),Tom turned up after the party when everyone had left.,(2),动词副词,(,及物,),Please turn every light in the house off.,7,ppt精选,注意：,如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。,She turned off all the lights which had been left on.,如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。,She gave them away.,(3),动词介词,(,及物,),You should learn to care about others.,注意：,当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。,(4),动词副词介词,I look forward to seeing you soon.,8,ppt精选,注意：,“,动词介词,”,、,“,动词名词副词,”,、,“,动词副词介词,”,，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。,In this way both grain and vegetables can be well looked after.(,不能漏掉,after),2,熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。,(1),同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。,hear from,收到,的来信,hear of,听说,look after,照料,look at,看,look for,寻找,9,ppt精选,(2),同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。,ring back,回电话,ring off,挂断电话,ring up,打电话,put away,放好，收起,put on,穿上；上演,put up,挂起；举起,(3),不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。,look for,寻找,ask for,请求,wait for,等候,send for,派人去叫,10,ppt精选,(4),不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。,break out,发生；爆发,carry out,进行；开展,go out,熄灭,hand out,分发,let out,放出,look out,当心,sell out,卖完,set out,出发,take out,取出,work out,算出,break down,坏了,come down,落下来,get down,下车,take down,取下,write down,写下,11,ppt精选,选词填空,speed,up,，,work out,，,put up with,，,bring,down,1,I can,_,the house being untidy,，,but I hate it if it,s not clean.,2,We aim to,_,the cost of daily life.,3,They are broadening the bridge to,_,the flow of traffic.,4,You can,t predict everything.Often things don,t,_,as,you expect.,题组训练,2,put up with,bring down,speed up,work out,12,ppt精选,B.care about,，,bring up,，,turn down,，,put up,5,You look upset.What,s the matter?,I had my proposal _ again.,6,If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle,，,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.,7,He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of _ at a hotel for the night.,8,Born into a family with three brothers,，,David was _ to value the sense of sharing.,turned down,care about,putting up,brought up,13,ppt精选,C.take on,，,go over,，,come across,，,look up,9,To get a better grade,，,you should _ the notes again before the test.,10,I often _ the words I don,t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.,11,She _ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.,12,Some insects _ the color of their surroundings to protect themselves.,go over,look up,came across,take on,14,ppt精选,3,易错易混点,1,lay(,放,),，,lie(,躺,),与,lie(,说谎,),，这三个易混动词构成见下表：,15,ppt精选,2.rise,和,raise,：,rise,是不及物动词，其过去式是,rose,，过去分词是,risen,，而,raise,是及物动词，是规则动词。,3,hang,的用法：,hang,有两个意思：一为,“,悬挂,”,，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是,hung,；二为,“,绞刑,”,，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是,hanged,。,4,sit,与,seat,：,seat,为及物动词时作,“,容纳,”,讲，,sit,只是表示一个动作；,seat,表示,“,就座,”,时要用,be seated,或用,seat oneself,。如：,They were seated at their desks.,或,I seated myself in the armchair.,16,ppt精选,5,win,与,beat,：,win,作,“,胜、赢,”,讲时其后应接,a game,，,an argument,，,a battle,，,a prize,，,a contest,，,a race,，,a bet,等，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含义。如：,I have won him.,即,“,我已说服他了，我赢得了他的好感。,”,而,beat,是及物动词，意为,“,击败、胜过,”,，直接接人、队。,6,lost,，,gone,与,missing,：作补足语时意为,“,丢失、不见了,”,，可以用,lost,，,gone,，但要用,miss,时则不能用,missed,，而要用,missing,。,17,ppt精选,4,语法与写作,根据提示翻译下面的句子,1,必须指出我愿意在这个假期里去旅游。,(point out),(2013,山东,写作,),_,2,踢足球和看电视占据了我很多的业余时间。,(take up),(2013,四川,书面表达,),_,It must be pointed out that I would love to go travelling during this holiday.,Playing football and watching TV take up much of my spare time.,18,ppt精选,3,我必须使自己适
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