增补词语 (2)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,增补词语增补潜在词,从生成语法的角度来看，英语的表层结构在表达深层结构的意义时，某些语义成分被省略。著名的美国语言学家哈里斯把这种省略的词叫做“潜在词”。,增补潜在词,violin prodigy,（琴童）,其中的潜在词是,playing(,拉,),；,violin merchant(,琴商,),其中的潜在词是,selling(,卖,),。,I began the book yesterday.,增补潜在词,The new American Secretary of State has proposed a world conference on food supplies.,美国新任国务卿建议,召开,世界食品资源问题会议。,增补潜在词,I should like to major in archaeology.,可能的话,，我愿主修考古学。,Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed.,准备工作完成不了，,那可怎么办,？,增补原文中有其义无其形的词,(,省略的词,),What an idea!,这主意真妙,!/,什么鬼主意,!,。,Ill make a man of him.”said Jack.(the father)“College is the place.”,“,我要把他培养成一个,堂堂的,男子汉，”杰克说，“大学就是一个,最理想的,场所,(,地方,),。”,增补原文中有其义无其形的词,“How shall I do it?”“Just as you wish.”,“,该怎么办呢？”“你想怎么办,就怎么办,。”,“,Are you tired?”“Not very.”,“,你累吗？”“不太,累,。”,增补原文中有其义无其形的词,Reading makes a full man;conference a ready man;writing an exact man.,读书使人充实，讨论,使人,机智，写作,使人,准确。,Such is war:to the victor,the spoils;to the defeated,the costs.,战争就是如此：胜利者,获得,战利品，战败者,遭受,损失。,有些不及物动词译成汉语时补加宾语,He never drinks before driving.,他开车前从不喝,酒,。,Im going to cook all the day tomorrow.,明天我得做一天,饭,。,有些不及物动词译成汉语时补加宾语,Day after day he came to his worksweeping,scrubbing,cleaning.,他每天来干活,扫,地,，擦,地板,，收拾,房间,。,增补表示复数的词,They won victories in the past two years.,在过去的两年里，他们取得了,一次又一次的,胜利。,增补表示复数的词,the students,学生,们,modern weapons,各种,现代武器,workers of all industries,各工业,部门,的工人,the mountains,群,山,增补某些固定词组中，语义成分“在形式上不表现出来”的词,1,“名词,+,名词”组成的词组,pay claim,提高,工资的要求,(,不是工资要求,),oil countries,石油,生产,国,(,不是石油国,),labor spy,监视,工人的密探,(,不是工人密探,),electricity cut,减少电能,供应,(,不是电能的削减,),2,“形容词,+,名词”组成的词组，尤其是带有术语性质的词组,solid engine,固体,燃料,发动机,logical computer,逻辑,程序,计算机,The Un-American Committee,反美,活动调查,委员会,增补修饰性和解释性词语,翻译文学作品时，适当增补修饰性或解释性词语，能提高译文的感染力，增强表达效果。,Blood and Sand,碧血黄沙,The farmer snapped a trip and put it into the fire.,农民“啪“地一声折断了一根树枝，把它放进火里。,增补范畴词,When the exploration was completed,the two astronauts on the moon would blast off the rocket in the landing craft to join the spaceship once more.,等到,勘察工作,完成，月球上的两位宇航员便引发登月船 上的火箭，重新回到宇宙飞船 上。,增补范畴词,This is the best solution to your problem.,这是你那问题最好的,解决方案,。,He was a patriotic,adventurous and romantic writer.,他是一个具有,爱国热情,、,探索精神,和,浪漫风格,的作家。,增补范畴词,The remedies you propose are neat and easy but impossible.,你提的,补救措施,倒是干脆利落、轻而易举，但是行不通。,增补范畴词,We have winked at these,irregularities,too long;,from now on they will have to stop.,我们对这些,不法活动,宽容太久了，从现在起再也不允许这样下去了。,增补范畴词,loftiness,崇高气质,readability,可读性,allergy,过敏反应,favoritism,徇私作风,增补范畴词,jealousy,嫉妒心理,dearrangement,紊乱现象,dejection,沮丧情绪,complexity,复杂局面,(,性,),增补范畴词,transformation,转化过程,gayety,欢乐气氛,indifference,冷漠态度,增补范畴词,segregation,隔离政策,(,措施,),foolhardiness,蛮干作风,unemployment,失业现象,irregularities,越轨行为,增补范畴词,observations,观察结果,muddiness,混沌状态,relativity,相对性,modernization,现代化,增补某些概括性的词语,The paper discussed language teaching and language research.,论文讨论了语言教学和语言研究,两方面的内容,。,增补某些概括性的词语,Note that the words“file”.“mean”and“generous”require explanation.,请注意：“狡猾的”、“吝啬”的和“慷慨的”,这三个词,需要解释一下。,增补某些概括性的词语,The thesis summed up the new achievements made in electronic computers,artificial satellites and rockets.,论文总结了电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭,三个领域中,的新成就。,