高考英语强调句型

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考英语复习专题,强调句型,It is (was) +被强调局部+ that (who)+ 句子其他局部。,此结构强调的成分仅限于主语、宾语,、,表语和状语。,强调句型的强调局部必须是对 that / who 之后句子的某一成分表示强调，如果把“It is (was).that 去掉，该句应该意思完整，不缺任何句子成分.,I met Tom in the street yesterday.,I did meet Tom in the street yesterday.(强调动词：助动词+V 原形),It was I that met Tom in the street yesterday.(强调主语),It was Tom that I met in the street yesterday.(强调宾语),It was yesterday that I met Tom in the street .(强调时间状语),It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday. (强调地点状语),强调句型的一般疑问句形式。,一. 句式特征：Is/ Was it +被强调局部+ that；,12021 上海Was it in 1969 _ the American astronauts succeeded _ landing on the moon ?,A. when; on B. that; on C. when; in D. that; in,简析：比较It was in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon 我们不难看出该题干实质上是该陈述句的一般疑问句形式。答案选D。,2Could it be in the restaurant in _ you had dinner with me yesterday _ you lost your handbag?A. that; which B. which; that C. where; that D. that; where,这是一个含有情态动词的强调句型的一般疑问句形式，第一空格所在的句子成分应为定语从句，结合介词in应用关系代词which；第二个空格所在局部应为强调句型中的that分句。故答案为B。,二、 结合特殊疑问词构成特殊疑问句形式。,句式特征：特殊疑问词+is/was it that？,3_ is it _has made Peter _he is today?,A. What; that; that B. That; that; what,C. What; what; that D. What; that; what,简析：此题结构复杂，乍看难以理清，请看下面两句：,It is determination that has made Peter what he is today.,对划线局部提问What is it that has made Peter what he is today?,对照原题，那么答案为D。,依此为据扩展开来可为：,4How is it that she turned down our help? 什么原因使得？,5Where was it that you met Tom yesterday? 究竟在哪？,6When was it that you met him in the park? 究竟何时？,7When and where was it that you got to know Mary? 究竟在何时何地？,8Who was it that that came up with the bright idea? 究竟是谁？,9Which book is it that you want to buy? 究竟是哪一本书？,10Whose umbrella was it that you took away? 到底是谁的伞？,三、 强调句型的反意疑问句形式,句式特征为：It is/was+被强调局部+that，isnt / wasnt it？,11It was Alice and her boyfriend who sent the old man to the hospital, _?,A. do they B. didnt they C. wasnt it D. was it,简析：答案C. 此种情况下疑问句中的主语应与强调句型中的主语it保持一致，不能和被强调局部中的名词或代词保持一致，并要遵守“前肯定后否认的原那么。,四、强调句型的感慨句形式。,句式特征为：what/ how it is (that) +主语+谓语！,12What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn!,13How beautiful it is (that) your daughter is!,五、强调句型的“让步含义。,句式特征为：含有“让步含义的强调句型在翻译成汉语时要注意“反译。,14It is a wise father that knows his own child.,再英明的父亲也不会理解他自己的子女。莎士比亚名言,15It is a wise man that never makes mistakes.,再聪明的人也会犯错误。,六、在强调句型中考察主谓一致与比较结构。,在强调句型中，有时也考察用rather than，not but等连接的平行比照结构，此时既要注重比较结构，又要注意主谓一致，属于较复杂的句式。,句式特征为：,It is/was notbutthat ;,不是而是that后的动词与but后的名词或代词保持一致,It is/was rather than that ;,是而不是 ( that后的动词应与rather than, instead of的名词或代词保持一致),16It is not help but obstacles that make a man.,简析：本句译为“使人成才的，不是助力，而是阻力。注意obstacles和make形成主谓一致关系。,17Personally I think it is the sales manager, rather than the sales girls, _ to blame.,A. is B. that is C. are D. who are,简析：此句被强调局部中的the sales manager，通过rather than与the sales girls形成比较结构，再考虑到主谓一致的原那么，应选B。,18(NMET 2007, 24) It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.,A. one B. that C. what D. it,简析：此题答案选B。在此题中被强调局部the ability to do the job 与 not where you come from or what you are形成比较结构，the ability to do the job与matters形成主谓一致关系。当然此题还可说成：It is the ability to do the job not where you come from or what you are that matters. 但这样就显得句子重心不稳，结构不合理。,19It is the prevention of disease rather than its successful treatment that has led to the rapid increase of the worlds population.,简析：本句中被强调局部为比照结构，含义为“导致世界人口快速增长的原因是对疾病的预防而非对疾病的成功治疗。当然has led to的主语应是the prevention of disease。,七、强调句型中的be动词和情态动词的结合。,句式特征: It may be+ 被强调局部+ that ,It must have been+被强调局部+ that ,Would/ Could it be +被强调局部+that?,20It might have been John _bought a new book for Mary yesterday.,A. what B. since C. that D. then,该题答案为C，许多考生误选其他的原因在于be的复杂化而看不出本句为强调句型。再如：,21It may be next week that she leaves for Tokyo.,八、强调句型和名词性从句的结合。,句式特征为: 整个强调句型用作名词性从句;,或者在强调句型中含有名词性从句。,22 Ive already forgotten _you put the dictionary.,A. that it was there B. where was it that,C. that where it was D. where it was that,简析：此题是经过变形的强调句型用作宾语从句的表达，为了更好地理解，我们分三步对其进行讨论。,第一步，复原It was on the desk that I put the dictionary.,第二步，对划线局部提问Where was it that you put the dictionary?,第三步，变为陈述语序，将其用作forgotten的宾语从句那么变为：,Ive already forgotten where it was that you put the dictionary.,与原题比照，答案应为D。,再看一个强调句型中含有同位语从句的例子：,23It was at the very beginning _Mr. Fox made the decision _ we should send more firefighters there.,A. when; which B. where; what C. then; so D. that; that,简析：此题答案为D。 第一个that为强调句型中的that；第二个that引导同位语从句，说明the decision的内容。,九、强调句型和定语从句的结合。,句式特征为: 在强调句型的被强调局部或其他局部中找出一个先行词，附上修饰该局部的定语从句，这样整个句子结构就变得非常复杂。应特别注意不要混淆定语从句的关系词和强调句型中的that/who局部。,24 It was in the small house _was built with stones by his father _he spent his childhood.,A. which; that B. that; where C. which; which D. that; which,简析：此题含义为“是在这间小房子里他度过了童年，the small house作先行词，其后的定语从句缺做主语的关系代词；第二空所缺的应是强调句型中的结构词that, 故答案选A。再如：,25 It was playing computer games that cost the boy plenty of time that he ought to have spent doing his lessons.,简析：划线局部作定语从句修饰先行词time。此题中有两个that，最大的误会就是把二者弄混，第一个that是强调句型中的；第二个that是关系代词引导定语从句的。因其作spent的宾语，可以省去。,26Is _three hours _the boy _family is poor to come to school on foot?,A. it; that; whose B. it; that it takes; whose,C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that;,简析：此题结构复杂，是定语从句、强调句型的一般问句形式和句式It takes sb some time to do sth.的糅合。我们也分几步来看这个句子：,第一步：根本句式It takes the boy three hours to come to school on foot.,第二步：以the boy为先行词，后面附上定语从句，那么变为：,It takes the boy whose family is poor three hours to come to school on foot.,第三步：用强调句型对上句中的划线局部进行强调，那么变为：,It is three hours that it takes the boy whose family is poor to come to school on foot.,第四步：将上句变为一般疑问句即是该题，经比照可知答案应为B。,27.-Where did you meet Tom?,-It was in the factory _ Toms father works.,A. which B. that C. where D. what,答案是C。此题考查定语从句和强调句型的意思区别，C选项是定语从句，B选项是强调句型，很有干扰。题意是：你在哪碰到Tom. 答复: 正是在Tom 的父亲工作的工厂。而B选项：Tom的父亲工作的地点是这家工厂。,十、强调句型和notuntil句型的结合。,句式特征为:,It is/ was until +被强调局部+that +延续动词,It is/ was not until+被强调局部+that+短暂动词,如：用强调句型对I didnt leave until it got dark.中的划线局部进行强调，那么变成：,27 It was not until he came back that I knew the result.,Not until he came back did I know the result.,I didnt know the result until he came back.,十一、强调句型的省略形式。,句式特征为: 在一定的上下文中，强调句型的某个局部可以省略。作题时要特别注意将其复原并加以比较。,29Who is making so much noise in the garden?,_ the children.,A. It is B. They are C. That is D. There are,简析：强调句型在具体的语境中省略，其完整形式应是：It is the children who are making so much noise in the garden.。答案为A。,30He was nearly drowned once.,When was _?,_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.,(NMET 2002北京春季，30),A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This,简析：在第三句话中when he was in middle school.为定语从句，修饰1998，,其后省去了that he was nearly drowned once. 此题如把关系副词when 也挖空，那么很容易误选that。,That is all!,十二、强调句型的形近句型。,(1) It be +被强调局部+that+ 是强调句型。去掉it，be，that后，剩余局部仍能组成一个完整的句子。如：,31It is probably due to these skills that they have been offered a wide variety of positions. 本句去掉it，be，that后可转化成：Probably due to these skills they have been offered a wide variety of positions.,(2) It+ be+ adj. / n. / 过去分词+that从句句型。该句型中的It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语从句。如：,32 It is important that he (should) learn English well.,33 It is a fact that he can speak both English and Japanese.,34 It is suggested that he leave his office right now.,(3) “It be +时间段+since句型。如果since和延续性动词连用，那么意为“某人不做某事已有多久了；如和短暂动词连用，那么为“某人做某事已有多久了。如：,35 It is two months since he fell ill. 他病了两个月了。,36 It is two months since he was ill. 他病好已经两个月了。,4It be+时间段+before句型 表示“多久后某事发生。,37 It was a long time before they met again. 很长时间后他们才见面。,38 It was not long before he came back. 时间过不久他们就回来了。,5“It bewhen句型 表示“某事发生时正是时候,39 It was 1949 when the PRC was founded. 试比较强调句型句：,40 It was in 1949 that the PRC was founded. (去掉it，was，that后仍是一个完整的句子),It,的用法与强调句,Try to find the best answer to,the followings:,I like_ in the autumn when the,Weather is clear and bright.( 2004全国,卷 I ( ),A. this B. that C. it D. one,-Do you like _ here?,- Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the,way of life.Everything is so nice.,( 2004,全国卷,II ) ( ),A. this B. these C. that D. it,C,D,在高考单项填空的选项中，it 是出,现频率较高的词汇之一。下面针对 it 的用法进行分类解析：,一、代词it,1.用作人称代词代替上文提到过的人或事物，,有时不特指某件事物，而代表前面已提,到的或者将会发生的某件事情，或者是谈,话双方都明白的情况，如前面第2题,Toms ill. Have you heard about it?,It happened during the Long March.,I cant stand it any longer!,If its convenient I can see you tomorrow.,2. 用作指示代词，起着this 或that 的作用,指一个人或一件事情。,- what is this?,- Its a telephone.,- whos on the telephone?,- Its Lily.,3. 指时间、距离、价值、天气和自然现象等。,It is cold today , isnt it?,It is about an hours ride to the park.,二、引导词it,It,常作形式主语，把真正的主语置于句后，,真正的主语通常为不定式、动名词、主语,从句。,It is easy to buy a new radio.,It is no use telling him that.,It is strange that nobody knows her.,提示：it 作形式主语，that从句作真正主,语，常见的句型有：,It be + 形容词obvious, natural, surpri-,sing, good, wonderful, funny, possible,likely, certain, probable, etc.) + that 从句,b. It be + 名词词组 no wonder, an honor,a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc. ),+ that 从句,c. It be + 过去分词 said, reported, thought,expected, decided, announced, arranged,etc.) + that 从句,The foreign Minister said, “_ our hope,That the two sides will work towards peace.,( 2004，北京卷 ,This is B. There is,C. That is D. It is,Have a try !,D,注意 it 对关系代词的干扰,_ is known to everybody, the moon travels,Round the earth once every month.,(NMET 2001) ( ),A. It B. As C. That D. What,试比较：,It is known to everybody that the moon,Carol said the work would be done by Octo-,ber, _ personally I doubt very much.,(NMET, 1999 ) ( ),A.it B. that C.when D. which,B,D,2. It 作形式宾语，真正宾语放在宾语补足语,后面，真正宾语通常为不定式，动名词，,宾语从句。,He felt it his duty to help others.,They thought it no good doing that.,I hate _ when people talk with their,mouths full. ( NMET 1998 ) ( ),A. It B. that C. these D.them,A,It 对代词 的干扰：,We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen.,So Peter made _ from some wood.( 2004,全国卷 III ,A. it B. one C. himself D. another,B,Meeting my uncle after all these years was an,unforgettable moment, _ I will always,treasure. (NMET 2002) ( ),A. that B. one C. it D. what,B,比照下句中it 的用法：,Meeting my uncle after all these years was an,unforgettable moment,and,I will always trea-,Sure,it,(=the unforgettable moment ).,-why dont we take a little break?,-didnt we just have _? ( ),(NMET 2002),A. it B. what C. that D. one,D,三、it 用在强调结构中。,1.可以用来强调句中的主语、宾语、状语从句，,结构为：,It is (was) + 被强调局部sb. +who (that),It is (was) + 被强调局部sth. +that,(例句参看练习试卷,It was our teacher _ did the experi-,ment in the lab last night. ( ),A. whom B. that C. which D. where,B,It was because of bad weather _ the foot-,ball match had to be put off. ( ),A. so B. so that C. why D. that,D,It was ten years _ Miss Gao left here. ( ),A. That B. when C. since D. as,C,对强调句型的识别：,可用下面方法识别强调句型： 把强调句的,标志词 it is / was that 拿掉，假设能复原出,句法结构完整的句子来，那么为强调句，否那么,不是强调句。,It was eight oclock _ I left home.( ),It was at eight oclock _ I left home.( ),A. that B. since C. when D. while,C,A,2.对“ notuntil的特殊强调句型：,It is /was not until +时间状语从句+that,He didnt get home until midnight.,It was not until midnight that he got home.,It was _ back home,after the experiment. ( ),A.not until midnight did,he go,B.until midnight that he,didnt go,C.not until midnight that he went,D.until midnight when he didnt go,C,3.强调句的疑问结构：,1一般疑问句：,Is/was it+被强调局部+that(who)+剩余局部,如原句为：Does he read this book every day?,Is it this book that he,reads,every day?,2特殊疑问句： 只能对疑问词强调,疑问词+is/was+被强调局部+ that(who)+剩余,局部：,Who came to see you this morning?,Who was it that came to see you this mor-,ning?,4. 含有定语从句的强调句：,It was in the lab,that,was set up by Mr. Smith,that,they finished the experiment.,It was in Beihai Park _ they made a,date for the first time _the old cou-,ple told us their love story. ( ),where; that B. that; that,C. where; when D.that; when,A,5. 强调宾语从句中的疑问词时：,主语+谓语+疑问词+it is/was+that+宾语从句,I dont know where he comes from.,I dont know where,it is that,he comes,From.,6.需要注意的地方：,1如果原句中的谓语动词为现在或将来时,的各种时态，就用“ it is,如果原句中的谓,语动词为过去时的各种时态，那么用“it was,2不管被强调的主语是单数还是复数，一,律用“it is/was +who(that).,把以下句子改写成强调句：,They went to the zoo,yesterday,.,It was yesterday that they went,to the zoo.,2. We held,a class meeting,in our classroom,the day before yesterday.,It was a class meeting that we held in our,classroom the day before yesterday.,3.,Who,will be waiting for me at the gate?,Who is it that will be waiting for me at the,gate?,4.,Li Ming and I,cleaned the office.,It was Li Ming and I that cleaned the office.,高考题回放,1.It is the ability to do the job _matters,not where you come from or what you are.,A. one B. that C. what D. it,2.It was only when I reread his poems,recently,_,I began to appreciate their,beauty.,A.until B. that C. then D. so,3.It was about 600 years ago _ the first,clock with a face and an hour hand,was made.,A. that B.until C.before D.when,4.It was because of bad weather_the,football match had to be put off.(2003),A.so B.so that C.why D.that,课堂练 习,1._in 1943_the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.,A.Only/that,B.It was/then,C.That it was/when,D.It was/that,2.It was on the National Day_she met with her separated sister.,A.that B.when C.where D.which,3.Was it during the Second War _he died?,A. that B.while C. in which D. then,4.Who _ helped you work out the math,problem?,was he B.it was who,C. Was it that D. it was,5.It is near the place _there is a bomb_ we found the dead man.,A.where/where B. where/that,C.that/where D.that/that,6. It was Mike and Peter who_the reading room,this time yesterday. A.are cleaning,B.were cleaning C.cleaned D.cleans,练 习,7.It is the room_ we will have the meeting.,A.that B.which C.where D.there,8.It_ the Chinese people that,_hardworking.,A.was/was B.is/are C.is/is D.are/are,9.It was not until she had arrived home _,her appointment with the doctor.,A.did she remember,B.that she remembered,C.when she remembered,D.had she remembered,10.Where was it _ the road accident,happened yesterday?,when B. that,C. Which D. how,11.It was for this reason _ her uncle,moved out of London and settled down,in a small village.,which B. why,C. that D. how,12.Was it at the school _ was named HERO,_ he spent his childhood.,that;that B. which; that,C. where;that D. that ; which,Is it _ who wants to see you?,A. him B. he C. his D. himself,It was _ who respected all their teachers.,A. them B. their C. they D. themselves,C,- What is Mary ?- Was it _that you were referred to ?,A. he B. she C. her D. they,C,强调局部如果是人称代词，应根据句子需要选择它的主格,或宾格形式,B,It _ Mike and Mary who helped the old man several days ago .,A. was B. are C. were D. had been,A,It _ at Christmas that John Smith gave Mary a handbag.,A. must have B. will be,C. might have been,D. may have had,C,注意谓语动词形式与整个句子语境的一致性,二、强调局部为疑问词时：,_ electricity plays an important part in our daily life ?,A. Why was it that,B. Why is it that,C. Why is it,D. Why it is that,B,Who was it _ wanted to see me just now ?,A. that B. who C. when D. when,A,_ you met the foreigner from Canada ?,A. Where it was that B. Who it was that C. Where was it that D. Where was that,C,强调局部为疑问代词或疑问副词时，该强调句句型结构,与特殊疑问句句型相 同，即：“疑问词 + 一般疑问句,三、强调局部为 not . until 句型：,It was not until late in the evening _ her husband arrived home .,A. which B. when C. that D. how,C,It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcasts began.,A. which B. when C. that D. since,C,It was not _ she took off her dark,glasses _I realized she was a famous film star.,A. when ; that B. until ; that,C. until ; when D. when ; then,B,注意 not . until 句型的变化。比较以下三个句子：,She,didnt,remember her appointment with the doctor,until,she had arrived home,.,It was,not until,she had arrived home that she,remembered her appointment with the doctor.,Not until,she had arrived home,did,she remember her appointment with the doctor.,四、强调局部为介词短语：,It was through Jack _ Mary got to know Bob .,A. who B. whom C. how D. that,D,It was on October 1st 1949 _ new China was founded .,A. which B. when C. as D. that,D,Was it in this palace _ the last emperor died ?,A. that B. in which,C. in where D. which,A,It was the school gate _ I met an old friend of mine after class .,A. that B. which C. where D. why,C,强调局部为介词短语时，表示时间或地点时，应注意与定语从句的区别,It was _he said_disappointed me.,what,that B. that,that,C. What,what D. that,what,It_Mary and Mike who helped the old man yesterday.,was,B. were,C. are D. had been,A,A,It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village,Awhich Bwhy Cthat Dhow,C,It is because he is too young _he does not understand it.,as B. so,C. that,D. what,C,_,in this room that our first meeting was held.,Just when B. When,C. Where,D .It was,D,It was on the National Day_ she met with her separated sister.,A. that B. where,C. when D. which,A,It was not until 1936_baseball became a regular part of Olympic Games.,A. then B. which,C that D. when,C,_ computers play such an important part in our daily life?,AWhy it is that BWhy is it that,CWhy was it that DWhy is it,B,It was not _she took off her glasses_I realized she was a famous film star.,A .when , that B .until , that,C .until , then D. when , then,B,Was it during the Second World War_ he died?,that,B .while,C. in which D .then,A,_ he came back home that we knew what had happened .,A. When it was B. It was when,C. Was it when D. When was it,B,It was the training _ he had as a young man _made him such a good engineer.,A. what ; that B. that ; what,C. that ; which D. which : that,D,Do you have my dictionary, Mr. Yang?,Yes , I have_ right here.,A. one B. this C. it D. that,C,Why don,t we take a little break?,Didn,t we just have_.,A. it B. that C. one D. this,C,I hope there are enough glasses for each guests to have_