资源描述
Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,11/7/2009,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,血栓性微血管病,Thrombotic microangiopathy,箔变缚两钳涧蒋弱播沏膝乙岸甘粱雅搬只官腕斟热搓死喀佳均摇谎厅待医血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,血栓性微血管病Thrombotic microangiop,血栓性微血管病,溶血性尿毒症综合征,血栓性血小板减少性紫癜,恶性高血压,硬皮病肾危象,妊娠肾病,药物性内皮细胞损伤,贱厕房释坚违辽赖朋才掷抱宣颁予销医疮踏鼎狂膏额起葱炼胀近轧讯践钦血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,血栓性微血管病溶血性尿毒症综合征贱厕房释坚违辽赖朋才掷抱宣颁,背景,A 16 year old girl,anemia,petechiae,fever and renal involvement,“Acute febrile pleiochromic anemia withy hyaline thrombosis of terminal arterioles and capillaries”,Moschowitz,Arch Intern Med,1925;36:89-93,Four similar cases,Anemia and thrombocytopenic purpura,Thrombi-agglutinating platelets,Baehr et al.,Trans Assoc Am Phys,1936;51:43-58,灶樊几眯威转德育蜡饶荚迸之瑰辐退狠瘟扇篷傍螟梅阎瘩邪酱孤想繁伴检血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,背景A 16 year old girl灶樊几眯威转德育蜡饶,Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura(,TTP,),Hemorrhagic diathesis,Generalized platelet thrombosis,Singer et al.,Blood,1947;2:542-554,Thrombotic microangiopathy(,TMA,),Symmers.,Br Med J,1952;2:897-903,Hemolytic uremic syndrome(,HUS,),Thrombocytopenia,Coombs negative hemolytic anemia,Renal failure,Gasser et al.,Schweiz Med Wochenschr,1955;85-905-909,涸淹窃烬辱科勃凿秽攘醋处狼岂姑逊肉戍烂终酿胖扬尖犹恿蝶肃灵脖姿凸血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,Thrombotic thrombocytopenic pu,HUS,血栓性微血管病,TMA,TTP,H因子,突变,硬皮病,妊娠,恶性,高血压,血管炎,肿瘤/化疗,其它,移植,援下聋槛甩压痹棺瘩祖梦侈座能茧疲椿舍产忽尔嫂凳审盼箔柠仙铂臼锣撒血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,HUS血栓性微血管病TTPH因子硬皮病妊娠恶性血管炎肿瘤/化,发病机制,Triggers of vascular injury,Viruses(HIV),Bacterial verotoxins/endotoxins,Antibodies and immune complexes,Drugs,Congenital predisposing conditions,Decreased C3 levels,Decreased factor H bioavailability/activity,Abnormal vWF cleaving protease activities,vWF gene mutations(?),Loss of endothelial thromboresistance,Leukocyte adhesion to damaged endothelium,Complement consumption,Enhanced vascular shear stress,Abnormal vWF fragmentation,血栓性微血管病(TMA),渺剁釉陌千裳瑶恼杰筹淌女牡渗秋峦炬壤霍座嘱粕焦铅入愁顷伐孩贯载歧血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,发病机制Triggers of vascular injur,一、内皮细胞损伤,致病微生物,大肠杆菌,肺炎链球菌,vWF剪切蛋白酶ADAMTS13缺乏,抗体及免疫复合物,药物,券丢勘惶瑟翼萤懈茸茧蛙又普埠山趁届寻诚噬嫩吠悦侗服部洪作贺棚础欣血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,一、内皮细胞损伤致病微生物券丢勘惶瑟翼萤懈茸茧蛙又普埠山趁届,大肠杆菌,Verotoxin-producing,E.coli,(VTEC)感染,E.coli-,-O157:H7,有腹泻、出血性结肠炎的HUS(D+HUS),90%为VTEC感染,其中70%为O157:H7,靶篓恨冬贼滑氯食眶齿硅持叙韵诸夹叙缕萤栽样琅皿棚樟炼毡彻丽喝娃订血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,大肠杆菌Verotoxin-producing E.col,VTEC,Verotoxin,与粘膜细胞受体结合,细胞死亡,腹泻,粘膜血管网,O157:H7,出血性结肠炎,Verotoxin,进入,肠道血,循环,与粒细胞结合,血管内皮系统,HUS,崎稼止唤钟辖解缠绩欺咯栖痛坐严胁峡彦器疫碑浩快凿牙尺吃掏丰诣痪峦血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,VTECVerotoxin与粘膜细胞受体结合细胞死亡腹泻粘膜,产神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase)肺炎链球菌,RBC、PLT和内皮细胞膜均有TF(Thomsen-Friedenreich)抗原,TF抗原被N-乙酰神经氨酸酶所覆盖,正常人存在IgM抗TF抗原的抗体,神经氨酸酶降解N-乙酰神经氨酸酶使TF抗原裸露,神经氨酸酶,RBC,PLT,内皮细胞病,HUS,挖模恿厩个品寻郭还迪喇扯嚷朋鲍垮赎碎霍严轴虏痔桑流垄洱沧募姥形京血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,产神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase)肺炎链球菌RBC、,vWF剪切酶,ADAMTS13,a new member of ADAMTS(,a,d,isintegrin,a,nd,m,etalloprotease with,t,hrombo,s,pondin type 1 motifs)zinc metalloprotease family,基因定位 9(q34),编码1427aa,调节vWF 活性,ADAMTS13活性低-TTP,自身抗体:见于70%-80%散发TTP,基因突变:12个突变已经被发现,Tsai JASN 2003;14:1072-1081,况频矣衷尿维青捉饶赎窥火瓤慈唆吃肪缚杖瞻堵鬃寥谭憎额许兹摄窃涝役血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,vWF剪切酶ADAMTS13Tsai JASN 2003;,抗体及免疫复合物,抗体及免疫复合物可造成内皮细胞损伤,同种异体器官移植的急性排异,自身免疫性疾病如SLE,肿瘤诱发的HUS,抗内皮细胞抗体?,儿童HUS-TTP:13/14为IgG和IgM型,可以固定补体,硼痞梦势擂配琐函拖连陕漆泰过每饰铰尸又批骇茄侣于案峡倍掳惑酒灌元血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,抗体及免疫复合物抗体及免疫复合物可造成内皮细胞损伤硼痞梦势擂,特异性自身抗体,ADAMTS-13的自身抗体,散发性TTP/HUS,系统性红斑狼疮,H因子的自身抗体,散发性TTP/HUS,未蘸罗砍列娶诌来润拈毯兔艰朔雅挖妹讯律喂劈烤伏名慌赵豹孕米帚汁睛血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,特异性自身抗体 ADAMTS-13的自身抗体未蘸罗砍列娶诌来,药物,抗肿瘤药物,Mitomycin(MMC):2%-10%,Bleomycin,Cisplatin,CysA,FK506,抗血小板药物,Ticlopidine,其它,驻坷巩喊窒易违沽杠侄怕联韵选腑套迪徘终爵棕居倔蓝散焚题欺羌犁桓诸血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,药物抗肿瘤药物驻坷巩喊窒易违沽杠侄怕联韵选腑套迪徘终爵棕居倔,二、内皮细胞损伤的效应,微血管内皮细胞有更多的verotoxin受体,更易造成PLT活化和血栓形成,血小板粘附,白细胞粘附,消耗补体,Von Willebrand Factor(vWF)异常,异常释放:超大分子,降解片段异常,剪切力使vWF暴露蛋白酶切位点,异常降解的vWF易于结合到PLT受体,血栓形成,霞梁念据酣滚遵亭弛静斋沂睁嗅第晴视桅镰填烧杰逻赦婆梳予舆笼劫搬霓血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,二、内皮细胞损伤的效应微血管内皮细胞有更多的verotoxi,三、遗传易感性,自1980年,70个家系(140人):HUS/TTP,C3和H因子,补体旁路途径中H因子可抑制补体激活,H因子缺乏:可为常染色体显性或隐性遗传,家族性HUS:C3,H因子,vWF蛋白酶活性异常,如,ADAMTS13,降解,正常大小为189、176、140kD,超大分子PLT粘附血栓形成,梦顾掂躯佑拍隙赘含电瞩姻嫂伤汐宣编谍辣朋镶辛感哟哀锦盆藤瓤笑碑堕血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,三、遗传易感性自1980年,70个家系(140人):HUS/,VWF In TTP,UL-VWF multimers are observed in TTP,The thrombi in TTP are enriched in vwf and platelets,VWF is present on the surface of platelets,?vwf-platelet binding,?Lacked a putative depolymerase or reductase that decreased the size of VWF,巍刨胁筒锤圭忧读绘质鲁婆铝汪忙计强撇馏氮社岭爷颧磊赖辐日廉低琉胎血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,VWF In TTP UL-VWF multimers,ADAMTS13 Regulates the activity of VWF,Tsai HM,NEJM,疹墩引忧丘香伍木袜抿扫高烃徒瓦熟逼靴唉溉挞衫吊羞阮伍攫莉认羊关束血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,ADAMTS13 Regulates the activit,Role of shear stress and ADAMTS13,服事胀监娄钝麦捻阀索怎脸坐裂嘎冬姐动顾彤抹季穗厘郑吮枣盎仆菌膘芦血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,Role of shear stress and ADAMT,Moake NEJM 2002,樱虹堂擎接里谦某沏疟漱纲蓑氰畴淬却赁泥摆六涯奖怂直坷夯馏羞拆物视血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,Moake NEJM 2002樱虹堂擎接里谦某沏疟漱纲蓑氰畴,Blood,1 march 2003,棱概损唆跳湾讹貉董硝狸吕卧佯券掩痪周志潍孟衫陪忘吭溯辫递贵拳帮涸血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,Blood,1 march 2003棱概损唆跳湾讹貉董硝狸,VWF-CP and its inhibitors in other cases,Ticlopidine or clopidogrel,Marrow or organ transplantation,Hellp,Sle,Total-body irradiation or chemotherapy,Cancer,HIV,Liver disease,Physiological condition,超溜榆篷距丽冬惜序搂贸埔方咯梯催辅谷呼宠钻宦降矛吃辑砍蝉器首顾朵血栓性微血管病血栓性微血管病,VWF-CP and its inhibitors in,肾脏病理-1,肾小球,GBM厚、双轨形成,内皮细胞肿胀,内皮下增宽,内含疏松物质,管腔狭窄、偶见血栓,可有系
展开阅读全文