Exercise 1-中国文化与翻译-Chinese Culture and Translation

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Exercise 1-,中国文化与翻译,-Chinese Culture and Translation,翻译硕士（,MTI,）英语翻译基础考研真题,（一）什么是翻译硕士,一、,为适应我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设事业发展的需要，促进中外交流，培养高层次、应用型高级翻译专门人才，决定在我国设置翻译硕士专业学位。,二,、翻译硕士专业学位的英文名称为“,Master of Translation and Interpreting”,英文缩写为,MTI,。,三,、翻译硕士专业学位的培养目标为具有专业口笔译能力的高级翻译人才。,四,、翻译硕士专业学位获得者应具有较强的语言运用能力、熟练的翻译技能和宽广的知识面，能够胜任不同专业领域所需的高级翻译工作。,五,、招生对象一般为学士学位获得者；鼓励非外语专业毕业生及有口笔译实践经验者报考。,六,、入学考试采用全国统考或联考、初试与复试相结合的办法。,（二）培养方向,英语语种的翻译硕士，设,笔译、口译,两个培养方向。,（三）考试科目,政治理论、翻译硕士英语、翻译基础、汉语写作与百科知识,其中北京外国语大学考第二外语（即非英语的其他语种），其他学校一般只考翻译硕士英语。,题,1,词语翻译（英译汉,15,分）（厦门大学,2010,研）,1.Neet,啃老族（,Not in education,employment or training,的首字母缩略语）,2.global warming,全球变暖,3.unfriend,将某人从好友列表中删除,4.APEC Summit,亚太经合首脑峰会（,APEC=Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation,亚太经济合作组织）,5.the A(H1N1)virus,甲型,H1N1,流感病毒,6.Arbor Day,植树节,7.the in-thing,流行事物,8.somebodys cup of tea,对某人胃口的东西，使某人感兴趣的东西,9.infortainment,新闻娱乐化（由,information,和,entertainment,两个单词组合而成）,10.average Joe,平常人，普通人,11.moon away,虚度时光,12.put two and two together,根据事实推理,13.give the floor to,请某人发言，给予发言权,14.disposable chopsticks,一次性筷子,15.scrap-newspaper,可回收的旧报纸,题,2,词语翻译（汉译英,15,分）（厦门大学,2010,研）,1,知识产权,intellectual property,2,中国最适合居住的十大城市,Top 10 most livable cities in China;Chinas top 10 most suitable cities for living,3,盗版软件,pirated software,4,产能过剩,Excess Capacity,5,晚婚晚育,late marriage and late childbirth;later marriage and later childbearing,6,战国时期,the Warring States Period,7,打造国际知名品牌,creating famous international brand,8,海洋科学研究所,Institute of Marine Science,9,安全饮用水,safe drinking water,10,农民工,migrant worker,11,暗箱操作,black case work,12,老人节,the Double Ninth Festival,13,科幻小说,science fiction,14,万有引力定律,law of universal gravitation,15,前苏联,Union of Socialist Soviet Republics,题,1,英译汉（,60,分）（厦门大学,2010,研）,Today I will focus on one major impact of the current financial crisis on Asia-Pacific,that is,the decline in the domestic demand.Particularly,I want to talk about the factors leading to declines in domestic demand.,Equity markets in developing countries around the world have suffered large decreases in value since mid-September 2008,reflecting a global credit crunch and a worldwide flight to safety among investors.,Theses declines are expected to cause a number of effects that will dampen domestic demand,especially personal consumption and corporate investments.Although equity market investments only constitute a small percentage of overall household wealth and equity financing consists of relatively a small portion of corporate investment in Asia-Pacific as compared with developed countries,the declines will affect the more advanced economies of the region,such as the Republic of Korea,Singapore and Hong Kong of China.,Secondly,declines in property markets will further dampen domestic demand.The reduction in housing prices will have an effect on real estate investments,which have played a particularly important role in the growth of domestic demand in a number of countries-most notably in China,where the property sector accounts for about one quarter of all investment.,Private consumption will also be affected by the fall in property prices,particularly in the more advanced economies in the region,where property assests account for a more significant portion of household wealth.,Thirdly,reduced bank lending is the most significant factor curtailing corporate activity and domestic demand.,The concern here is that an increase in non-preforming loans will result in greater restraints on and a reduction in new lending,leading to possible higher costs for new borrower.Increased borrowing costs may in turn add further pressures resulting in a greater number of corporate defaults.,参考译文：,今天，我重点说一下目前亚太金融危机所造成的一个重大影响，即内需下降问题。具体来讲，我想说的是造成内需下降的原因。,自,2008,年,9,月中旬以来，全球发展中国家股市大幅度下跌，这表明全球正在经历信贷紧缩，投资者选择以稳妥为主。,股市下滑导致的一系列后果将打击内需，特别是个人消费和公司投资。虽然股市投资仅占家庭财富的一小部分，而且相对于发达国家，亚太地区公司的股权融资在公司投资中的比例相对较小，股市下跌还是会影响到这些地区中相对较发达的经济体，例如韩国、新加坡和中国香港。,其次，房地产市场的下滑对内需造成了进一步的打击。房价下降影响了对房地产的投资，而后者对一些国家经济的增长起到重要作用，最典型的是中国，中国市场对房地产的投资占总投资的四分之一。,房价下跌也将影响个人消费水平。这一点在相对发达的地区尤为显著，这些地区中房产在家庭财富中占有的比重更高。,最后，银行贷款减少是造成公司活动减少和内需降低的最重要因素。,这里需要注意的是，不良贷款的增加将给新贷款行为造成更多的限制条件，同时也会减少新贷款的数量，新的贷款人可能因此需要面临更高的贷款成本。贷款成本的增加反过来带给贷款人更大的压力，压力之下失误也会增多。,