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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 3 computers,Learning about language,1.,To learn some useful words and expressions,2.,To,learn the,present perfect passive voice.,3.To master the structure.,Learning aims,1.Fill the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.,1 _ complete change in ways of,thinking,working,etc,2 _ connected computer system,3 _ to make things easier,4 _ to find the answer using,numbers,revolution,network,simplify,Learning about Laguage,calculate,5 _can be moved easily from,place to place,6 _ to work out the answer to a,problem,7 _to travel around an area to,find out about it,8 _ completely,9 _ anyway,10 _ activity of managing,money,mobile,solve,explore,totally,anyhow,finance,2.Complete the passage with the words below.,artificial technology intelligent applications explore Web reality logically,When my brother was in high school,he was very interested in computers and enjoyed writing programs of his own.He used to,download,information from the,Internet and made,good use of it.He liked to _ the World Wide _ and used the Internet to communicate with computer programmers all over the world.When he went to university he studied IT(information _)and developed a special in _,explore,Web,technology,artificial,intelligence.After developing special _of the computer,he hopes to design an _ robot which can think _ and look like human being,but in _ he was a long way to go.,logically,applications,intelligent,reality,The Present Perfect Passive Voice,Grammar,现在完成时的被动语态表示动作发生在过去,到现在已经完成或对现在仍有影响。,现在完成时的被动语态,The structure of the present perfect passive voice is:,have/has,been,ed,主动语态即主语为动作的执行者；被,动语态即主语为动作的承受者。现在完,成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样，,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结,果，但主语为动作的承受者，表示“已经被。,The new school has been set up.,新学校已经建成了。,2.现在完成时被动语态的肯定式为：,have/has+been+done,The experiment has been done successfully.,这个实验做得很成功。,现在完成时被动语态的否认式为：,have/has+not+been+done,Toms novel has not been published.,汤姆的小说还没有被出版。,现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问句需将have/has提到主语的前面。,Has his bike been repaired,他的自行车修好了吗？,现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+have/has+been+done,Who has been invited,谁受到了邀请？,现在完成时的被动语态表达以下两个,概念：,1.,说话时已经完成的动作或出现的结果。,2.,主语是行为动作的承受者。,现在完成时的被动语态由,have/has been,v-ed,构成，其中,v-ed,为过去分词，,表示被动。,I,have been told,about it many times,The bridge,has,just,been built,在使用现在完成时的被动语态时要,注意以下两点：,1.,过去分词前有两个助动词：,have/has,和,been,。,2.,必须表示被动。,注意,:,副词的位置,often,usually,always,never,hardly,seldom,等副词置于,have/has,和,been,中间。如,:,误,Such a man has been hardly,believed.,正,Such a man has,hardly,been,believed.,2.,并不是所有动词都有被动语态,happen,take place,break out,belong,to,cost,last,等不及物动词或词组无被,动语态。如：,误,Great changes have been taken,place in China since 1978.,正,Great changes have,taken place,in,China since 1978.,(2)open,break,drop,等不强调动作发出,者时常用主动语态。,3.,短语动词不可分割或省略其中的介词,或副词。如：,The patients,have been taken,good care of.,4.一些特殊动词,如borrow,finish,begin,buy,start,return,marry,open,join等构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。假设要表达相应的意思，那么需改换动词或时态。如：,My brother has had(不能用has bought)this bike for almost four years.,How long has this book been bought,How long ago was this book bought,(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。,(2)把谓语变成被动构造(be过去分词),(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。,主动语态变被动语态的方法,(3),把主动语态中的主语放在介词,by,之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。,All the people laughed at him.,He was laughed at by all the people.,They make the bikes in the factory.,The bikes are made by them in the,factory.,(4)双宾语动词变被动语态可将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个保存不动。,主动：I have given him the key.,被动：He has been given the key.,被动：The key has been given(to)him.,(5)带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时,只能将宾语变为主语,原来的宾补保存不动，改称主语补足语。,主动：I have asked her to help you.,被动：She has been asked to help you.,1.When and where to go for the,on-salary holiday _ yet.,A.are not decided,B.have not been decided,C.is not being decided,D.has not been decided,单项选择,2.Every possible means _ to,prevent the air pollution,but the,sky is still not clear.,A.is used,B.are used,C.has been used,D.have been used,3.All the preparations for the task,_ and were ready to start.,A.completed,B.complete,C.had been completed,D.have been completed,4.Some new oilfields _ since 1976.,A.were opened up,B.has opened up,C.have been opened up,D.had been opened up,5.The silence of the library _ only,by the sound of pages being turned,over.,A.has been broken,B.breaks,C.broke,D.was broken,6._ the sports meet might be,put off.Yes,it all depends on the weather.,A.Ive been told,B.Ive told,C.Im told,D.I told,Turn the following into the Passive,Voice.,1.We have planted some trees around,the lake.,2.My father has locked the door.,3.Someone has turned off the light.,Some trees have been planted,around the lake.,The light has been turned off.,The door has been locked.,4.They will hold the Olympic Games in London in the year 2021.,5.They have rebuilt the bridge.,The bridge has been rebuilt.,The Olympic Games will be held in,London in the year 2021.,(1)误Many new buildings been built,since 1980.,正Many new buildings have been,built since 1980,分析:谓语局部构造不全,时态局部不完整。,试分析：,(2),误,Something bad has been
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