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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,English Basic,Tenses (,时,态,),& Voices(,语态）,大纲,一般现在时,一般,过去,时,一般,将来,时,现在进行时,过去进行时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去,完成时,现在,完成,进行时,时态和语态的主要考点,1,、考查在语境中判断动词时态的运用能力。常考的,时态为,:,一般现在时、,一般将来时、,一般过去时、,现在进行时、,过去进行时、过去将来时、,现在完成时、,过去完成时、,现在完成进行时。,-,九种时态,。,2,、,时间、条件、让步,等,状语从句,中动词的时态；,主从句时态搭配,问题。,3,、某些以,主动形式表被动意义的动词,的用法。,.,一般现在时,( The Present Indefinite ),1),表经常性、习惯性的动作或状态，常与表示,频率的时间状语连用，如,always, often/ usually/frequently, sometimes, every,at ,on,Sundays,/.,动词的时态 （,Tenses),Fill in the blanks.,I _ (study) hard,abroad,every,day and I _ (get) along well with my roommates, but,sometimes,I _ (miss) my families.,study,get,miss,Correct the sentence.,The geography teacher told us that the earth moved around the sun. _,2),表客观事实、普遍真理。,注意：,主语为第三人称单数（,he/she/it,或单个的人名、单个的事物名称）,谓语动词,+,s/es,其余人称作主语谓语动词用原形,.,moves,The shop will close,at,9:00 p.m. _,3),表,示按,计划、规定，时间表,将要发,生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于,be, come, go, start, begin, leave, arrive, return,等,位移,/,终止性动词,，常,与时间状语,连用,The train,leaves,at 6 tomorrow morning.,When does the bus start? It,starts,in 2 minutes.,closes,一般,过去时,( The Simple Past Tense ),1.,表过去发生了的,动作或存在的,状态。,常,与,表过去的时间连用,。如,yesterday, last , ago, in , then, just now,the other day,等。,I _ (spend) my childhood happily with my old friends in the countryside,several years,ago,.,spent,The employer _ (interview) all the employees next Wednesday.,Professor Smith _ (lecture) on modern drama tonight.,The dark clouds is/was gathering. There _ (be) a storm.,will interview,一般,(,过去,),将来时,( The Simple/Past Future Tense ),表示,(,过去,),将来,/,要发生的动作或存在的状态。,1. will/would +v.,is going to lecture,表,(,过去,),计划、安排、打算、预测将要做某事。,2. am/is/,are(was,/were) going to +v.,is/was going to be,They will say/said goodbye, little knowing they _ never _ (meet) again.,He _ (apologize) to me,when,someone gave a sudden blow on his shoulder.,will(would)/are(were,),meet/to meet,3,.,am/is/,are(was,/were),to,do,sth,.,表按计划、安排,(,过去,),即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等,.,was about to apologize,4. am/is/,are(was,/were) about to do,sth,. (when) “,正,/,就要做某事,”,（不与具体时间连用）,现在,进行时,(The Present Continuous Tense),2),表示目前,这段时间,内正在进行的,动作,但,说话时动作未必正在进行。,We _ (have),English class,now,.,are having,She _ (learn) piano under Mr. Smith,at present,.,is learning,1),表示现在,这个时刻,(,指说话时,),正在发生的事情。,3).,现在进行时可以表示现在不断发展变化的事情。,Its late Autumn. The weather,is getting,colder and colder.,Tips,：,现在进行时的标志：,Now, right now, at this moment, look, listen,(1),During,the summer of 2017,she _ (travel) in Europe.,was traveling,过去进行时,The past continuous tense,规则,1,：,过去某一时刻或某一阶段内正在进行或,频繁发生的动作,.,(2) I met Diana,while,I _ (shop),this morning.,规则,2,：,某一动作发生时另一动作正在发生，常用于由,when/while, as,引导的时间状语从句中,.,was shopping,现,在完成时,(The present Perfect Tense),1).,现在完成时表,示从过去开,始，一直,延续到,现,在的动作或状态,通常用于,延续性动词,.,常,与,表一段时间的状,语连用,如,:,so far, lately/recently,in/during/over the last/past ,since, for ,等,He _ (live) in Xinyang,over the past,6 years.,has lived,2).,表,示过,去的某一动作对现在造成的影响,或结果,常用的时间状语有,:,just ,already, yet,ever, never, once,，,twice,，,many,times,等,.,We _ (finish) our lunch,already,.,_ you,ever,_ (try) this method?,have finished,Have,tried,Lets practice,1.Daniel _ (live) in Beijing since he came to China.,2.The boys are tired. They _ (play) a ball game.,3. I went to Egypt in 1986. Then in 2004 I went there again.,I _ (be) to Egypt twice.,has lived,have played,have been,固定的特殊句型：,1).It is (,has been,) +,一段时间,+,since,-clause.,2)This (That/It) is,the first (second),time + that-clause (,现在完成时,).,3)This (That/It) is,the best/ finest /most interesting, + that-clause,（现在完成时）,.,Tips:,现在完成进行时,表示,从过去开始的一个动作一直持续到现在，而且还在进行当中,。,强调的是,“从过去到现在一直在进行”,。,其时间的判定由具体的时间段或上下句的,语境决定。,_,past & past past now future,_,past & past past now future,现在完成时,have done,have been doing,现在完成进行时,Li,Hua,_ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She finished reading the book.),Li Hua _ (read) a book about Stonehenge. (She is still reading the book.),has read,has been reading,动词的语态,(voices),动词语,态有两种：主动语态和被动语态主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；,主语是动作的接受者为被动语,态。,动词谓语部分结构：,be,+,v.pp,动词时态语态一览表,(,以,do,为例）,时态,主动,被动,一般现在时,do/does,现在进行时,am/is/are doing,现在完成时,have/has done,一般过去时,did,过去进行时,was/were doing,过去完成时,had done,一般将来时,will do,将来完成时,will have done,am/is/are done,am/is/are being done,have/has been done,was/were done,was/were being done,had been done,will be done,will have been done,及物动词,(,vt,.),有被动语态，不,及物,动词,(vi.),或短,语无被动,语态,.,比,较：,rise,是不及物动词；,raise,是及物动词。,The price has been risen.,The price has risen.,The price has raised.,The price has been raised.,The accident was happened last week.,The accident happened last week.,(,错,),(,对,),(,错,),(,对,),(,错,),(,对,),主动形式表被动意义,The steel,feel,s cold.,His plan,prove,d (to be) practical.,The yogurt in the fridge _,(,已经变质）,.,has gone bad,1.,连系动词,look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get, grow, keep +,adj.,构成系表结构,主动表被动。,2.,表示开始、结束、运动的动词。如:,begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, shut, run, move,等,主动表被动。,Work,began,at 7 oclock this morning.,The shop,close,s at 6 p.m. every day.,3.,need / want / require doing, be worth doing,be + to,blame,主动表被动,。,The equipment in the corner _,(,需要修理,).,requires repairing,A,I feel it is your father who _ for the spoiled child.,A. is to blame B. is going to blame,C. is to be blamedD. should blame,Who do you think _ for the failure of your exame?,A. to blame B. to be blame,C. is to blame D. is to be blamed,C,Nylon cleans easily.,This material has worn thin.,Your pen writes smoothly.,The recorder wont play.,(,这种布耐洗。,),(,他的书没有销路。,),The cloth washes well.,His book does not sell.,4,.,表示主语的某种属性特征的动词,。,如read, write, act, iron, cut, draw, drive, sell,wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry,eat,drink,.,这类动词一般不单独使用,，,常有一个修饰语。,
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