小升初时态专题--四种时态的区分与运用

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,小升初时态专题一,四种时态的区分,陈剑平,1、说学生：六年级上学期基础中上的状元班学员或 一对一学员。,2、说教材：现在进行时、一般现在时、一般将来时已在六年级之前学了，但很多同学未能完全,掌握。六年级上册U10出现了一般过去时，学生,处于初学阶段。,3、教学重点：学生能区分，并掌握四种,时态的标志词和基本结构。,4、教学难点：易错点的分析讲解。,5、说学法：互动式探究学习,小学的时态分几种？,一、现在进行时（四年级下）,二、一般现在时（五年级上）,三、一般将来时（五年级上）,四、一般过去时（六年级上）,一、现在进行时,1、概念：现在（说话的瞬间）,正在进行或发生,的动作，强调“此时此刻”。,2、标志词：,look 看；listen听 ；now现在；,3、基本结构：,be + doing,（注意：人称,不同,，,be的形式也不同 ）,E.g.,He,is reading,.,They,are talking,now,.,现在分词的变法,规律：,1、一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,E.g. jump-jumping,2、以,不发音,字母,e,结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. E.g. have-having write-writing,3、,重读闭音节,结尾的词，,要先将词尾的辅音字母,双写,，,再加上-ing.,E.g. sit sitting put-putting,1.I _(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.,2.Look, it _(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.,3.They _(study, is studying, am studying, are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days.,4.He _(teach, am teaching,is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.,二、一般现在时：,1、概念,：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。,2、标志词：,always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month), once a week, on Sundays, etc.,3、基本结构,：,be,动词；行为动词,e.g：,He,goes,to school,every day,.,They,go,to school,every day,.,He,is,a teacher,当主语是第三人称时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，加,-s/es,。除此之外都用动词原形。,动词第三人称单数形式变化规则,规则,例子,一般在词尾加,-s,Play,plays leave,leaves,swim,swims,以字母,s, x, ch, sh, o,结尾的词加,-es,，读,/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有,e,则只加,-s,。,pass,passes fix,fixes,teach,teaches wish,wishes,do,does,以辅音字母加,y,结尾的词,，先变,y,为,i,再加,-es,读,/z/,study,studies carry,carries,fly,flies,1.,He_(be, am, is, are) a teacher at No. 2 Middle School.,2.,He_(have, has) classes in the afternoon.,3.,He_(get, gets) up at half past six every morning.,4.,He always _(come, comes ) to school on time.,5.,He _(study, studies) very hard at his lesson.,6.,One and two _(be, is, are) three.,7.,Blue and yellow _(make, makes) green.,8.,The earth _(move, moves) round the sun.,三、一般将来时,1、概念：表示,将要发生的动作,或存在的状态及,打算、,计划或准备,做某事。,2、标志词：,tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。,3、基本结构：,1）be going to +,do,；（be有人称变化）,2）will+,do,.,3）shall,do,（第一人称）,e.g：,I,m going to,have,a picnic,this weekend,.,1、,There _some showers this afternoon.,A will be B will have,C is going to be D are going to have,2、,It _my brothers birthday tomorrow. She _a party.,A is going to be; will have B will be; is having,C will be; is going to have D will have; is going to be,3、,Li Ming is 10 years old now, next year he _11.,A is B is going to be C will be D will to be,四、一般过去时,1、概念：,过去,某个时间里发生的动作或状态；,过去,习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。,2、标志词：,1,）,yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；,2,),由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；,3,),由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago,a short time ago, an hour ago等；,4,),其它：just now等,3、,基本结构：,be动词,（注意be的人称变化，用过去式）,I,was,in the classroom,yesterday morning,He,was,in the classroom,yesterday morning,They,were,in the classroom,yesterday morning,行为动词,动词过去式,形式变化规则,构成规则,例子,一般在动词原形末尾加,-ed,look,looked play,played,work,worked,结尾是,e,的动词在末尾加,-d,like,liked live,lived,hope,hoped,末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加,-ed,plan,planned stop,stopped,drop,dropped,结尾是“辅音字母,y”,的动词，先变“,y”,为“,i”,再加,-ed,study,studied worry,worried,cry,cried,不规则动词过去式,过去时练习：写出下列动词的过去式,isam_ fly_ plant_,are _,drink_,play_,go_ make _ does_,dance_,worry_,ask _,am,is-was are-were do-did see-saw, say-said give-gave get- got go-went come-came have-had, eat-ate take-took, run-ran, sing-sang put-put,make-made, read-read write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode speak-spoke sweep-swept, buy-bought swim-swam, sit-sat bringbrought can-could cut-cut become-became begin-began draw-drew feel-felt find-found forget-forgot hear-heard keep-kept know-knew learn-learnt （learned） leave-left let-let lose-lost,meet-met sleep-slept teach-taught tell-told write-wrote wake-woke think-though,1.,He_(be, was, were, been) here a moment ago.,2.,They _(be, was, were, been) here just now.,3.,The scientists _(leave, leaves, leaved, left) for America yesterday.,4.,Last week we _(visit, visited ) the Science Museum.,历年真题,例1（2012年小升初大联盟考试考题）,1、 Ann often _ (watch) TV at home, She _ (watch) again last night,这题考察动词的时态。第一个空，关键词是often 和Ann，判断应该用一般现在时的第三人称单词。Watch后加es。第二个空，关键词last night，判断应该用一般过去时，Watch后加ed,标准答案watches watched,真题回顾,1、 _ ( not eat ) in the library, Tonny.,2、 _ your dad often _ (water) the flowers on weekdays.,3、Be quiet please , the children_ (have) lesson in the classroom.,4、She _ (be) short in 2002, but now she _ (look) taller.,5、Miss Chen _ (start) from Macao two hours ago. All of the students_ (wait) her here now.,Dont eat,Dose, water,are having,was，looks,started, are waiting for,课后思考与讨论,1、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为否定句？,2、,四种时态的肯定句如何转化为,一般,疑问,句？,3、四种时态的肯定句如何转化为特殊疑问句？,