初中英语语法—代词

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,初中英语语法代词,代词概述,:,代词就是指可以代替名词的词,可分为以下几种,名称,代 词,主格代词,I, you, he, she, it, we, you ,they,宾格代词,me , you, him, her, it, us, you, them,物主代词,形容词性,my, your, his ,her, its, ours, your, they,名词性,mine, yours ,his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs,反身代词,myself, yourself ,himself ,herself, itself, ourselves, yourself ,themselves,指示代词,this, that, these, those,疑问代词,who, whom, whose, what, which,不定代词,some, any,，,many, much, each, neither, other, another, all, both, one, none, either,each other/one another,who, whose, whom, that, which.,一,.,人称代词,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,人称,格,数,单数,复数,主格,宾格,主格,宾格,I,you,he,she,it,me,you,him,her,it,we,you,they,us,you,them,1,、,人称代词的排列顺序,：,二 ，三，一,(,单数） 一，二，三 （复数）,一,.,人称代词,1.,我、你、他、都,18,岁。,_,2.,你们、我们、他们都来自中国。,_.,You, he and I are all 18.,We, you and they are from China,2,、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在,not,后多用宾格,., I like English. _ too.,A. I B. He C. Me,第一人称单数代词,I,（我）无论在什么地方出现都要大写。,人称代词作主语时要用其主格,They,are nurses.,She,is a barber.,动词后用宾格：,I help him and he helps me,介词后用宾格：,Jim takes good care of me,注意：,1. Who broke the window?, Not _.,A. I B. he C. her,2. Miss Li invited _ have dinner with her .,A. me and you,B. you and I,C. you and me,3. Who taught _ English last term?,A. them B. their C. they,4.Miss Zhang teaches _ math.,A. we B. us C. our D. ours,5. _ like playing soccer with _.,A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I,6. Tom is a new student. _ knew none of _.,A. He, us B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we,7. You can sit between_.,A. he and I B. him and me C. me and him,8. _ all come here early.,A. Them B. She C. We D. Us,3,、,it,的特殊用法,:,it,可指不知性别的婴儿或不确指性别的人,., who is the person over there?,It,is the headmaster.,It,也可用来表示天气、时间、距离等。,天气：,How cold it is today!,时间：,Its about eight oclock.,距离：,Its 200 kilometers from here.,一,.,人称代词,1. - Who is knocking at the door?,- I dont know . I was lying in the bed and just ask who _ was.,A. he B. she C. it,2. I cant find my hat . I dont know where I put _.,A. one B. it C. that,3. I cant find my hat . I think I must buy_.,A. it B. one C. that,固定句型,1.,做某事情对某人来说是,It is + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth.,2.,轮到某人做,Its ones turn to do sth.,3.,是（某人）做某事的时候了,Its time (for sb.) to do sth.,4.,据说,Its said that ,5.,某人花费,做某事,It takes sb. some time to do sth.,6.,自从,以来，已经有,（时间）了,。,It is / has been +,时段,+ since +,从句,(,过去时,),7.,某人发现,/,认为,/,感觉到做某事是,的,find,sb. think,feel,+ it + adj. to do,its,也对！,I found _ very difficult to make progress in my study .,A. its B. it C. that,2.,It is great fun _ surfing on the Internet .,A. go B. to go C. going,二,.,物主代词,人称,分类,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,单数,复数,单数,复数,单数,复数,形容词性,名词性,my,our,your,your,his,her,its,their,mine,ours,yours,yours,his,hers,its,theirs,形容词性和名词性物主代词虽都译成“,的”，但形容词性物主代词只能作定语，后边须,有名词；而名词性物主代词后边不可再加名,词，它在句中可作主语、宾语或表语。“名词性,物主代词形容词性物主代词名词”。,This is my book = This book is mine,That is your pen , mine is in my bag.,This is Lucys coat,，,yours,is different from,hers,your coat,物主代词用法：,her coat,my book,my pen,注意：,物主代词前不能有,this, that,，,some, a, an,，,the,等词修饰。如不能说,the my right hand,。,1. She is a friend of _.,A. my B. mine C. I,2. This isnt my pen ,it is _.,A. her B. his C. him,3. Frank cant find _ dictionary . Can you lend _ to _?,A. her , mine , her,B. / , yours , he,C. his , yours , him,4. _ school is much bigger than _.,A. Our , their B. Ours , theirs C. Our , theirs,5. The dog is so poor because _ leg is badly hurt .,A. it B. its C. its,6.She is _ English teacher . She teaches _ well.,A. our, ours B. our , us C. their , they,7. Is this _ sister ? No, She is _ sister.,A. your , his B. your, mine C. his , mine,8. Must _ go to _ office now ?,A. we , his B. he , you C. they, yours,9. You must bring _notebook to the school.,A. you B. your C.yours,10. The red bag is _ ._ is white.,A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him,三,.,反身代词,人称,分类,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,单 数,复,数,myself,ourselves,yourself,yourselves,himself,themselves,herself,itself,1.,反身代词分类,2.,反身代词常见固定搭配,过得愉快,自学,请随便吃,自言自语,独自,为自己,不要客气,陶醉沉浸于,自己穿衣服,照顾自己,enjoy oneself,teach oneself.,help oneself to sth.,say to oneself,all by oneself/ by oneself,for oneself,make oneself at home,lose oneself in,dress oneself,look after oneself,The man is rich , he can buy _ a lot of things .,A. he B. his C. himself,2. - What a lovely card ! Where did you buy it?,- I made it by _.,A. me B. myself C. itself,3. “Help _ to some chicken ,”my mother said to the guests.,A. yourself B. yourselves C. your,四,.,指示代词,The weather in China is quite different from,that in USA .,单数,复数,this,这个,these,这些,that,那个,those,那些,代词，指,the weather,指示代词用法：,1.this和these用于指距离较近的事物或人，that和,those用于指较远的事物或人。如：This picture is,clear and that picture is not clear.,2. that(those)可以代替前面提到的名词，以免重,复，this(these)不能。如：The population of,China is larger than that of India.,Some TV sets made in China are just as good as,those made in Japan.,3.打 时用that问对方是谁，用this做自我介,绍。如：This is Mary speaking.Whos that?,1. -Look, who is coming?-_ must be our English teacher.A. She B. He C. It D. This,2. I found _ not easy to get on with him.,A. that B. it C. this D. one,3. The population of China is much larger than _ of China.,A. it B. that C. one D. this,4. I found _ important to read English,in the morning.,A. it B. that C. which D. its,5.The population of Shanghai is larger than _ of Jinan.,A. that B. this C. it,6.The radios made in Beijing are as good as _ made in Qingdao.,A. that B. these C. those,7.What I want to tell you is _the film will be at eight.,A. it B. this C. that,五,.,不定代词,1.,常见的不定代词有：,some , any , one, each , every , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , many , much , a few , a little , other , another ,the other,等。,2.,形容词修饰,something , anything , nothing ,somebody , anybody , nobody, everything,everyone , everybody,等不定代词时，放在后面。,如：,Is there anything important in todays,newspaper ?,There is nothing wrong with your bike.,1. Do you have _ to do this evening?,A. important something,B. anything important,C. something important,2. _ is watching TV . Lets turn it off .,A . Somebody B. Anybody C. Nobody,3. Would you like _? I can get it for you .,A. something else,B. anything else,C. everything else,常见不定代词的用法,只修饰可数名词,只修饰不可数,名词,修饰可数名词、不可数名词,many,a number of,the number of,much,a lot of = lots of,plenty of,few, a few,little, a little,some, any,修饰可数名词和不可数名词的单词或短语,.some any,some,一般用于肯定句中，,any,用于否定句和疑问句中。,I have _ books, but I dont have _ pens.,There is not,_,meat in my bowl. There is _ chicken in it.,提示：,some,有时也可用于疑问句中，表示劝告，请求或建议。,any,用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个”,Would you like,some,tea?,May I ask you,some,questions?,You can borrow,any,of the three books.,few / a few,little / a little,1,、,2,、,当前面由,only,修饰，常用,a few,或,a little .,3,、,a little,可表示“有点，稍微”相当于,a bit,，,a little bit,，,kind of,肯定,否定,可数,a few,few,不可数,a little,little,Although all the girls have tried their best , only _ pass the exam.,A. few B. a few C. a little,2. Dont worry .There is _ time left .,A. little B. a little C. few,3. You are so great! _ people in the school can do it .,A. A little B. Little C. Few,.it,指上文提到过的事物。,.one,泛指上文提及的同类事物,(,可数名词,),中的一个,复数,ones,一般前边有,the,，,this,，,that,修饰。,.that,常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复。可代替可数或不可数名词，复数,those,，一般有后置修饰语,.,(1)I have many books. Which_ do you like?,(2)The book is mine. _ is very interesting.,(3)The weather in Beijing is much colder than_ in Hainan.,one,It,that,one it that,The box is in the middle of the room. Move _ away.,A. it B. one C. /,I have lost my pen. I have to buy _.,A. one B. it C. /, How nice your bag is! I want to buy _.,A. it B. one C. /,each every,each (,常与,of,连用,),every,两者或以上的每一个人或物,三者或以上每一个人或物,every other ,每隔,（,any other ,任何一个）,every other day,每隔一天,= every two days,I gave them _ an apple.,A. every B. each C. each of,There is a line of trees on _ side of the street.,A,every B,each C,both, She goes shopping _ five days.,A. every B. each C. each of,他隔天来这里。,He came here _ day.,every other,none no one,none,no one,没有什么人,/,物,“,没有人” 只能指人,回答,how many,问句,回答,who,问句,none of +,复数名词,/ them,谓语用单数,How many people are there in the room? _.,A. None B. No one C. Lucy,Who is in the room? _.,A. None B. No one C. one, None of them _ China.,A. come from B. is from C. is come from,either of,两者之一,+,复数名词,/ them / us,谓单,neither of,两者都不,谓单,both of,两者都,谓复,_ of the girls _ him. They asked him for,name card.,A. Neither; know B. Either; know,C. Neither; knows,Both of his parents _ teachers.,A. is B. are C. was, Both of his brothers _ in this hospital, but neither of them _ a doctor.,A. works; is B. work; is C. work; are,either neither both,either neither both,Either Tom or the twins _ the way to the shop.,A. know B. knows C. finds,Neither you nor I _ a scientist.,A. is B. are C. am, Both Tom and Mary _ hard.,A. studies B. study C. studying,either or ,或者,或者,就近原则,neither nor ,两者都不,both and ,两者都,复数谓语,The students are all from Foshan . They _ like their city .,A. both B. all C. either,Lucy and Lily _ agree with us.,A. all B. both C. neither,How are your parents ? They are _ fine.,A. both B. all C. no,I didnt see it, _.,A. too B. as well C. either,He couldnt open the door. _.,A. Neither could I B. So could I,C. Neither couldnt I,They_ in good health,and they_ there.,A. are both; will both go,B. both are; will go both,C. are both; both goes,either,否定句末 “也”,neither,倒装句表否定,neither +,助动词,/ be /,情态动词,+,主语,both,助动词,/ be /,情态动词,+ both,both +,行为动词,other the other others the others another,Tom and Mary have arrived, but _ in your class arent here yet. A. the others B. others C. the other,One of the sides of the road should be painted yellow, and_ white.,A. the other B,another C. others, This pair of trousers is too short. Would you please show me _ one.,A. other B. others C. another, I have two brothers. _ is a doctor, _ is a soldier.,A. One, the other B. One, other,C. The one, the other, - Is this your sock ?,- Yes, it is . Where is _?,A. another B. the other one C. others, We got home by 4 oclock ,but _ didnt get back until 8 oclock.,A. the other B. others C. the others,六,.,相互代词,1,相互代词是表示相互关系的代词，在句中常作宾语，只有两个：,one another,和,each other,，译作“相互，彼此”。两者用法基本相同，但在表示两人间的相互关系时，更多用,each other,。如：,People can use ICQ to talk with,each,other,by computers.,2,相互代词的所有格形式为：,each others,和,one anothers,。,They put small presents in each others stockings.,Exercise,1.Mary, help,to the bananas, please.,A you B your C yourself D yourselves,2. Can you speak English?, Yes, but only,.,A few B a few C little D a little,3.Ive just bought five sts. One is a German,st, are American sts.,A the other B the others C other D others,4. When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow evening?, I dont mind.,time is OK.,A Some B Neither C Either D Both,5.This is not her kite,but,.,A hes B him C he D his,6.,-Where is my pen?,-Oh, sorry. I have taken _ by mistake.,A. yours B. his C. mine D. hers,7.My sister doesnt like skating,.,A So do I B So I dont,C Neither I dont D Neither do I,8.All the students are busy, so,of them will,go to the concert.,A many B little C a few D few,9._ of them has his own opinion.,A. Both B. Some C. Every D. Each,11. Oh, dear! Who broke the glass?,Sam,Bruce. It was the cat.,A Both, and B Not, but,C Neither, nor D Either, or,12.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake.,are climbing the hill.,A Others B Other C Another D The other,13.I have two pencils. One is red,is blue.,A the other B another C others D the others,