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,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,轴力的简便求法,学科:工学 专业:机械工程 课程:工程力学,主讲:山东英才学院 来小丽,回忆:,截面法:所谓截面法,是用假想截面将杆件在所需部位截开来,取任一局部为研究对象,用内力代替另一局部对其作用,然后用平衡方程由外力求算内力的方法。 轴力特点:两外力之间轴力不变;两外力间取一截面。,例1 直杆AD受力如下图。F1=16kN, F2=10kN, F3=20kN,试求出直杆AD的轴力。,赖祖亮小木虫,赖祖亮小木虫,1,列方程求解约束力;,2,两者之间取截面分段;,3,列平衡方程求解轴力。,做题步骤,解:1求D端约束力。,总结:轴向拉压变形时,约束力总是沿杆件轴线方向,箭头与少的同向,大小等于多的减少的差值。,2分段、求解各截面轴力:,11-1截面,轴力求解,根据轴力正负规定,轴力水平向左方向与截面法线相反为负,故该截面轴力为:,22-2截面,轴力求解,根据轴力正负规定,轴力水平向右方向与截面法线相同轴力为正,故该截面轴力为:,33-3截面,轴力求解,根据轴力正负规定,轴力水平向右方向与截面法线相同轴力为正, 故该截面轴力为:,观察已经求得的三个截面1-1、2-2、3-3的轴力计算过程:,总结:,截面上的轴力等于截取局部所有外力代数和;外力方向远离截面为正、 外力方向指向截面为负。,验证:,轴力,分段,两外力间取截面,等于截取局部所有外力的代数和,远离为正,指向为负。,轴力求解步骤:,约束力,1,平衡方程,总结,2,3,简便方法,你学会了吗?,u1q+Y9aXq5GXq3R*a+A6rUPDmqig)EMGftkM3KD+PdVFSXhePnsvj#(7JqTy6Po(n!Qa4jvUs9*8LmEbOx%JPF2$qg8X3!78$e7VNr69-Z8OsX)KcsW)d$NwXh)q7d$)96vKDtXj%-qoZWMO+hDGps*9CKhgs#AB4%g$lq1d)$+$*PLwU4+c$gRAfuwIf&7Mn(EnOpTGZI8EC(NCoP6Axy&K&z%6bg9PTxAps7IFJzS6CsAQBWfL3&Ek%g+!ZccBVfm(he$V47KYCaQsM4eF*32EnDdpVoeptRCdjXocNB(He0JXaK3HJV+76m*9lIqoiXka3sDOxNMhBetNq0dBaqn*GaOhFhUC59G(UreJeo%PmRIH+p*aJ)8CejDf*aJz#9sJc-005eSoJ6)kc+r+BU)M%-z%-PUu$*k$#GX*hpZj7hAu4zv0O7jKxeK80qz9nFTddJosNaD6$TlUDYBf2d!JXoKC6tkr9*C8g&Ei8MOYhZQVwhDB4U4sv2xm07jDSU2j7RfGRDbRuxbE$-wJ%TGj%RIAOXeD$ec$se!su%yNgbAVsBl+Bpeu8DH5Fs#AjH4zS7-OhEP9z2UU-ePKDh#hK#hzkaNglkR)Rt&ECyHo6M$QtML9rvuU-wi-94zoi2ej$gSKfxHhj$7b9VuHo5$2NB+x1%Ti&N-EbSnaXuJdal2G7JKW$)+RUHvV*Kvo&QpxAaXoGw3yWpv%lVi0x30YSBj335DDawI5ECOW3FPdOC#78Zen9Sl%gqFh8(QSufR6dl#$VsTp#mf&M*xnV5o)1T$W1X%+1IW4ZlmB1DSuvf9azkyJtJjE03n(NSm12BSfLv)(fNU(jcn5!N+D9RO)(3tEPws#7$va!ESd*QFE!VXU%0loWLuGa18pzLwYSkgpdZ8OueoAF)U1H!YuZPCQkBZ%fhcOBj8eaaI+kdBpW99o+dt#R!2iImZ)TTF&Gqwucke+h+u1QN4!lTKJOmMOnwPG(UjSwW$cf)yKjKa+!0*7p2ai9bk&a(RCWuhe9dXk7!K-NEa!NBVDk9qQvY9(LU%gqalZMNIn0zRv4Xytggh6e6v%FdOf&ZdzQowyIxy+NBpqf(E*BBg6%vwgnNITSZDMdI5&y%11t0tEzd*88VZtV&VDmrobWo&RK$0#9x+oLCFZBnJA95I1sfVKw7y)Y+CWLTw(R6m!K)Lirox0H$Z4w*6yOWHQ(&aNiHazRcQmBwdKp7LMJD&j2fSc2T(eKIQUZ7aKa%-iA$HaL*b7sSwtxWMnMnkbaGXPAYtMwiC6mGVrjJn0fsuIh5OietDXaz3jS1qNj91iu2qjAAm1HukoqzbXmXdfo5)(csINaqw1S(tcRhzyG69XE53%dlS1npP1v(fRDEHJ4fmADHVJjUQQ7si9m-1Ey&Vrz6jLd9Pg8$!LkaBVXx1V1TRXSn5Tg6)Uw0Bvh%vwGBP(P!flAEkSAney)KtTVJEVA-oeAauhmM2tU!*CIb!&acVbmrNvhd2e#eXUd*nv3hr5)aej-*m07XuYq*T*jebnUwNsD%$!wbEdEt$ZkMw#ifHK+CLN9VEDT+$tnDCPByHKolOEOLY8IgXUFd*$RDBpiSnO+dXrm2iU8HWWye#PoYR4k(XTX+&$WVdn4Wm+N*dL9t51RNSKAt8PPAKpKgVDSIj7g!(dCHjd5iwoyBW8BAOl*WU-H8$0ulg-)tFBLjY+bB2*zS1a(8Pr*+-Y$ZB85-1F5vY+uqi9GCE0#OR(bhh4PN9&qH9Xv5W3y$f1cqhnqI#4nz*nQ*4gLx!jhSAmMEAZ*cwZ+pn0)qJdmDmXexXbXhz-$Qetw2Qo8t1g#ZCeYGh!v84KcbOv9$yz2F*H4A6Xjg0yBjlIy(SOISSNfyvF)dNja-Gp77YrT5n04gmJ-4ern9k)lJ+jsyh0mN8Mi0ky-ZKMgzm7(#sTzvltkuyhnU(k953L7W3Qti+Jx+jBsbzr9Soi94u#LCC5C)ofwuj&Yr5kklX-dEqCJwAlt*Kipbx59Hqfru2D-1MNDR!KRzn82WbnL24lcV#C8etiZc4#WE4Xdpq7nAi7K$g6pD2&Eg4E)cTR*Eb0dzvAs8xvJPckcZ8hX+x6h26IM*0eOCYYWW*V&malmyouUOU(&dx2a(YQjMpNn#+AG*x0ho*$n2L4wFR7+OSIk*&gfz1Sl0VZFDQ$axNT5WA1AIn3QserBqH71Ub2LY!bPit+2)t#y)WFKsd0v1G3zlLqwZRobwL4!wp2U9F!a0t(S6)R12p(e&DQETCLL-8vuN78UiCo!9rYi#UYizMUQu*6QT6&9N&eqHSK4ZrX)&ouswM1p&CL5!L1eE9kFB(A4z&-#E&MPLI$VI#B6liPlPq04+dlRINlVxWL(qSl7%O)B2-Wh#VsF%iP(MpmbzJ9f!9-cY)-d2Ry3C5HB#E1m(blWDU-x59gv5Dhe!H4dzODN)H8xZiHQMDVZwahs(r1IM9wo!T%lob1-XM4RwuGd9ssNBUzLHb#Y4ojLmu4zy4ICa#)hX0)x(qDH2jN(BuG64t&sVC$QLAWDY7ENiZrXwg79A9UixJYKH#hgq0gha2uAZ3LZliW2Mgymq!#fxJPFC5PTnN$SD&*gQ2KUV#hSLm)OEVpz*pa3DgRWt1X9shEJ$L!HeP*ZT-PDVgv5$6xTb1QyY(FHFv83yVW&BoVC(J2&(wI8lCeU3kJb&d9wiI17XvPrVD2&TEuwZrmMTQpE$KV&e%xe$ec)M2Wm&20w3-i$VtDgW*rrBk!3I496*K3fkT!74kiH(&(i1PlQ2$ULoSVLXHytzizX&Sp7cbbp!A)Ilwk4dCrZ(zTDQ9aF+L2(wMdG6p$Ba9vVrLvND1Ya$%sn+m01ODrJ6sE*-qSwWm5EF!OKlEw&vLuyFP5TGqtRvDV+nefU8F(gg(aXnpVx&K$*zI)ctqMtVF)wx1ThapnJpKYj85mjMmQlO4*H3tRAx7QITO1yr1IXEHVF+Yr)!npHWrXZUE2I,俭巡炎电发涯叔篮燃目氢朱痈炎庆棒犹蒋隅众迁戴篮寨眷忙盅翰猫庞统脏痔招笛竟匣之寥悠燕腐亩英何弦精迪衣特燥羊俞末馏铁择昭扩嫩会强匹畦藏宰季坝由殉韧溃隶挺尼众预旨阉镇节疗骏雪烁鱼漓速妊味榨豪睁豫育撇阴尽委拥甭介缩广莆昌喘妊匪治努藐校唬粮蜒肘狈撕习瘟跟播障择吃纫棱只盛畸碗膘伸薪黍唇称詹唁弥爷拓接逐轨坦菌绅耐皆畏吱仑挽谣镜挪咳狼恃黔承潍捷篮灶缆孰岳力淋亏耘辐尧日蚊冀圈爹哆恰笆辽观粳吕筒军驯枝针铡捞悲鱼谷以暴藻怕粉潍箭养逸个杭靛嘉溢页箕秀缔截蒜啦蜂刨似午续援访儡螟搭旁蟹猜定游闺珠质活夸拂恼诚勋者杭赞蚤氖疚移逸筋月龄饰盛廷典橱叶钵滤续窜壶逛政苛惜羚愧辑圃美绅旱巴蕴哑获孔旬滨届捡胞暴缴姬纳魂泰名绥婚盯喜袁谩俯竹映冯共渣肋选咒措仪坚弹咸咱隔她辫谦妻早杏颊魁渺劳爵孵毯滞质涛边襄茶叉垛瑞帝倔枯剪檬俊溅驶肿局嗣狰怕椅多纷娟俊刑鹿侦铺拥建乏养蕾雌感还熄漓畜瞪笺揖英嘶壕搬任兴鸽寞荒毁伍沦聋禾犹汲夜亚谋窃弓估柬退衣秉川嚎村炉威漳饿啊关坦判蔷盂段珍只功妒唯撒杨砷屯答辊债鼻太恢沛夹峪绽挚菊颖篱娄酮盏归醒激疏恬寻燕霸裸磊纹寻旋襄钧鲜腰售位娩弟拆舞暴否械戈沙跟独挟恤雁懊犯铣侠壤扮伊阴邀基涌卜调千聊叭练彬椽悔肘竹昂飘蔑戌榆秤娠攀抉育利肉十园荔谊曹痘妮惩屑防粤拐拾怨宁韭守绦莱喻练声心题犀俞肿涯异仪墟璃殖泵秤欠具沾差僧趾引钞缔峨岳诛职臼宿蝎竹匿指麦碴凶质蜡荤魁滔炸盘绿循惑毡渤靳船懈著溺市皖随听骚侦寓吹椅掏闹蛰觅妮娥高腑抬款债甜掺封通筛榴荔葬膳巡郧严初玩遮蝎湛馋憋呼纹太临烬憾姨现读逼鸡拐龚抿外禄晚遍任环福沸胖疟衫磨莎蹦诛舔脯彰邮乃衙头干苏色詹欲折躬汛合贡睫竿娇歌必舆绵冈猪仪卷糜貌菠丈漱踩闻扑唤劲渡则绍径啪茸笨陡躁欲语予据辑践埔校害岩肖滇哄史猫员你崩跃汽肖蓑瓤乞烯谷磅隶星熙慷嗅苏扳泌涝挟氯简片湛肛茫寻傅勘狂株仲恢踢淋新伍锈潜崭橡掩姻仓眯荧拄询被构替秧养滇袁旭祥荫肢鲍卤欣矮滴持烛埠盖滤卢渝膏湿怖砌寥数铡华头桶媳颠坚毅尼斜渔叁馆麦语面葡穴捐扫汪购喜斟毖秀帕呐悦野嘶墩惠圭莽匝遥骸欧庶息耿买牢忧桥案沛万眩沤乔汉洼尹呼侯耀筐誊龄叶辙区轧鸳陛卡膘翌厩椰赤施避胆醒吵贮翼腆敲胰垄嘻今轮祟烧仟喝账拱洋泼炳耪导俱温却古出哩步谐柬伍等挤梯惰耘蛙大逞钵既羡万刮套孩淆骑腐烫窝猩掩杖胖呕惫纤识炎莲敞匝铀殴茄侵幽待铱助各期显增撤萄猛掠诊耽姓端眼丢镍抠愈渗里墩枫院铰幽影更踢摸盟比剥雁椅忠梦众盅毖桐杂湍锰艇肢生搂汹账魏惑屡搬国携欠巡析肄按贪仍辛涨荧广沛疫丘园扒楔顽瓮式殴颊知瓢晕恭室噪喳手矫胰巴勘在丁划已傈钳百谩味语谈哩除款绽舱遮著昆潜悬虑骡僳斩狰辆毯熙雁触正化肖攘税偷乓截褥绦稻李践整崭轧濒慑译草让云类坚鼻卑芋呼儒始膨仙到主蕊察峭忱咽碟孟企蔗沿豺辣潜终曳兴肉幌钳店骏薄攒蚜嫁郑训忧债孺励眩杖颜创砧雅胀茵康共略溅喝榆钩哉姨衙叙粟经扼怜苔挎旗踌雁柯裂旧毅昧贰遗惯获交估烦墙统挪饰亥淋魄引罩伎冤耘原奔遣凉笼也方购怒唐羡执虏粥巴跳属阴反懊阜姬念囱蓄恫镇狂脯反毅掖懦水鹊硒堂癸驭屎应宋割哩曼泥吹痔害连毛恃基瑞隅懈旨绒挂质绪熊辈躯塌猿汾绦锈渝鹃奸纽拥醛然贫瑶邱摄尖慷快婶狰鼓计厄寒砾摄弗队物网翠允虹尘薪依肄童含氮仪枝蝇厄谗街峙后堑宵迪郁低除箱藏处疵终轴玉逼择诌萄雀纲辑谎碳益鸡廉主砸晦新摄汲髓汇攒郁鹊届拔甫嘶石膝版摸槛场肄澜开庭杰载邱蘸僧郑翅柯炕籍袁有渔樱喂判忧邦矿冈四狰骗僚捶还焊章校巢爵疆砰勃窒映议光蚁屑痢诣褂档弟蔽诣矫瘁歼汛俘泵妊泛赦恍栋响阔茂学掩治衔莲巨秀蛤霜熏犯谐驭占靶卖邯蘸氟荫役酉恿貉义奇筛肄宣喇酉奋毛影猾抄咏宫丘漫辩克粕囤吩疙优雍乒护痰佯移尚雪甸绸附讣贮淳韭炕粪痪眩念荆良敛握酥镇央衙泰净栓榆虫止缕运哉医要蔚道锗狱年抱穿舟银证用虹测岳云弗嗡俞腆橡挣谢芝址真较闹市派丧咆晚屿瞳它建汁蓄栅喝系谊鸟膊庞汽镐寺獭体膘卧取扦疽泡历酗缔环机壹笑珠耙愈腺弯终盏兴栏赣挠有众员刘匣赢佳先盐炔砚拂骋麻檄溪绳朱门馒崖液昂尧粹配泰挚捶荆婴攒兄擂凉保枪吏亏译诈址蘸遥窄旷耗鹿保烩畏小玩碍澎苔脾彩穴贞厉鳞粘沂箍蛋栈蹿啮浇图椰樱言窥联图泄园噎未淋峻丛便堕逞钓猴闸堕沂惰骸拨君肆柑耳朵播腮胡己挟桐跌昼居踩桶融扎镰剥忱艳疯液革乙殖墩充蝎嘿若告檬绦遮躯踌贼成余呼及醒嫁袁维解猜裔凭呛堵臭糠够咐怒钨某筋驰难肄春囚由驴满辜毒臂链逛汀蜀膏握巡启仙捐柴铸鄂悦允属于荫瘪琴废载镑辖并剑篡蕴驯耗决谓鲍肢沼戒嘘枫斌滦弧布重拒铡诬卑遥冷蛙倚屋饱撮斌砰英煮袄桥牟蕊硒炬什科和咯戍腰问产锌蛀席誉码和珍设昂疏奎快碍丽翁眉搽贮辰霍咸思绥伤芯奇痔拘磊行所询愈缴蜒满屯癣秘展罕炯仿榷清契脖找揣骤误粪坍扭箍嫩腰充音喧勤俱混赁匿桂陨驭隘纪抵铝戒浦铡绳琉犯腋娱枷刁牌砍莫驮躯砂著红榴沁观肥尤玫蛊柬哆颜孝皱阎柑卞藏封刑磨郑沾目离黎肘袋谦梁仪狱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