medical English exercises

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,medical English exercises,手术过程一般按下面三个方面之一进行分类：一、目的。根据手术目的的不同，手术过程分为：1、确定或证实诊断；2、缓解、减轻疾病所引起的疼痛或症状，并非治愈；3、祛除病变部位；4、重新恢复已经失去或减少了的功能或外形；5、移植有缺陷的器官。二、急症程度。手术要根据急症程度和必要性来进行分类，以此来保护患者的生命、机体和机体功能。急症手术是为了迅速保护患者的机体功能或生命而进行的；当病情不会马上威胁患者生命的时候或者是为了改善患者的生命质量的时候，就可以进行择期手术。三、危险程度。根据手术对患者的危险程度，手术可划分为大手术和小手术。大手术会对患者生命造成严重的危险，相反，小手术一般没有危险、不会产生并发症，经常在门诊部就可进行，所以被称为“日间手术”。患者的年龄、整体健康状况、营养状况、药物的使用和精神状况都会影响手术过程的危险程度。,A medication is a substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, relief, or prevention of disease. In the health care context, the words medication and drug are used interchangeably. In the United States and Canada, medications are usually dispensed by the order of physicians and dentists. The written direction for the preparation and administration of a drug is called a prescription. A drug may have four different names: First, the generic ( family ) name, given before a drug becomes official. Second, the official name, the name under which it is listed in one of the official publications ( e.g. the United States Pharmacopoeia ). Third, the chemical name, which describes the drug constituents precisely. Fourth, the trademark, or brand name, the name given by the drug manufacturer. Because a drug may be manufactured by several companies, it can have several trade names. Medications are often available in a variety of forms, such as solution, capsule, cream, paste, pill, powder, syrup, tablet, and so on.,药物是用于疾病的诊断、治疗、缓解症状或预防的物质。在医学文献里，medication 和drug这两个词可以交替使用。美国和加拿大，药物通常是根据医嘱来配发的。药物配制和使用的书面指导叫做处方。药物有四种不同的命名：一是属名，用于药物在药典许可之前的命名。二是法定名，即罗列在官方出版物（如：美国药典）里的命名。三是化学结构名，准确描述药品的化学成分。四是商品名，或者叫商标名，是由药品生产厂家给的名。由于某种药物可能由几个厂家生产，所以这种药品就会有几个商品名。药品通常有不同的剂型，例如：溶液、胶囊剂、乳膏、糊剂、丸剂、散剂、糖浆剂、片剂，等等,。,Words used in hospital:,Reception,Counter,Registration,Medical card,Medical insurance,Medical record,Initial visit,Nationality,Marital status,导医台,收费处,挂号,医疗卡,医疗保险,医疗记录,初诊,国籍,婚姻状况,单身,single,已婚,married,分居,separated,离婚,divorced,10. Cloakroom,11. Outpatient,department,12. Inpatient department,13. Emergency,14. Pharmacy,15. CT Scan,16. MRI Scan,17. ECG,Electrocardiograph,18. Anesthesiology,19. Bacteriology,12. 住院部,13. 急诊部,14. 药房,15.,CT,室,16. 磁共振成像室,17. 心电图室,18. 麻醉室,19. 细菌室,MRI:,Magnetic Resonance,Imaging,CT:,computed tomography,Cardiology,Dermatology,Ear,Nose,& Throat Clinic,Endocrinology,Gastro-,enterologist,Hematology,Internal Medicine,Neurology,Obstetric-gynecology,Oncology,Ophthalmology,Orthopedics,Pathology,Pediatrics,Physiotherapy,Pulmonary,Psychiatry,2. 皮肤科,3. 耳鼻喉科,4. 内分泌科,5. 胃肠科,6. 血液科,7. 内科,8. 神经科,9. 妇产科,10. 肿瘤科,11. 眼科,12. 整形外科,13. 病理科,14. 儿科,16. 呼吸科,17. 精神科,Radiology (X-ray),Rheumatology,Stomatology,(Dental),Surgery,Thoracic,Toxicology,Ultrasound (,Ultrascan,),Urology,Vascular,Infectious Department,放射科,风湿科,口腔科,外科,胸外科,毒物科,超声科,泌尿科,血管外科,传染病科,Anesthesiologist,Dermatologist,Hepatologist,Ophthalmologist,Pharmacologist,Pulmonologist,Toxicologist,Neurologist,Urologist,Cardiologist,Hematologist,Oncologist,Psychologist,radiologist,麻醉师,皮肤科专家,肝病科专家,眼科专家,药理学专家,呼吸科专家,毒理学专家,神经病学专家,泌尿科专家,(,医师,),心脏病专家,心血管病专家,肿瘤学专家,精神病学专家,放射科医师,Some words on symptoms,Headache,Fever,Cough,Vomiting,Chest pain,Itching,Diarrhea,Broken bones,Abdominal pain,Sore throat,Nosebleed,Pressure in the chest,Breathless,Rash,Sprains,Cuts/ lacerations,头痛,发烧,咳嗽,呕吐,胸痛,瘙痒,腹泻,骨折,腹痛,咽痛,流鼻血,胸闷,气短,出疹,扭伤,裂伤,Cardiovascular system,Nauseated,nausea,Peripherals,Sinuses,Migraine,Sharp pain,Dull ache,Stabbing/stinging pain,Pain coming in waves,Aching,Burning pain,Throbbing pain,Cramp-like pain,Radiating pain,心血管系统,呕吐,呕心,神经末梢,瘘管,偏头痛,锐痛,钝痛,刺痛,阵痛,酸痛,灼痛,悸痛,绞痛,放射性疼痛,Pink,Flushed face,Cyanosed,Grey,Pale,Dehydrated,Dizzy,Numb,Pins and needles,Tense,Depressed,Anxious,Worried,Withdrawn,Frightened,Upset,tearful,面红耳赤的,面色潮红,发绀的,灰白的,苍白的,脱水,眩晕,失去知觉,发麻,紧张的,抑郁的,忧虑的,焦虑的,孤独的,受惊的,心烦意乱的,悲痛的,请平躺着,.,请右侧躺着,.,请抬起你的右腿,.,请放松,.,请慢慢呼吸,.,请深呼吸,.,请把腹部肌肉放松,.,请尽量往前倾,.,请尽量往后仰,.,请把体温计放在你的腋窝处,.,1. Please lie down on your back.,2. Please turn onto your right side.,3. Please lift your right leg up.,4. Please relax.,5. Please breathe slowly.,6. Please take a deep breath.,7. Please relax the muscle of your abdomen.,8. Please bend forward as far as you can.,9. Please bend back as far as you can.,10. Please can I put the thermometer under your arm?,I will need a urine specimen.,Here is the specimen bottle.,You need to fill a third of this container.,The first part of your urine you should pass in the toilet, the second in the container and the third in the toilet.,You need to have a full bladder before the ultra scan.,我需要尿液样本,.,这是样本瓶,.,你需要装到这个容器的三分之一,.,一开始的尿液不要,快结束时的也不要,就要中间部分的尿液,.,在做超声波扫描前,请憋尿,使膀胱充盈,.,The doctor wants you to have a urine/stool specimen.,医生要你做尿液,/,粪便检测,.,2. Please bring it back to me, I will take the specimen and form to the Bacteriology Department.,请带回来给我,我会将尿样和化验单送到细菌室,.,3. If it is positive or shows you have something wrong, you have to register again and come back to see the doctor.,如果检测结果呈阳性或者表明你有疾病的话,你需要重新挂号回来看医生,.,4. The doctor says you need an ultra sound of your abdomen.,医生要你做腹部的超声波扫描,.,5. Do you have a family history of diabetes/ heart problems/ lung complaints?,有没有糖尿病,/,心脏病,/,呼吸疾病的家族史,?,6. Are your vaccinations current?,你还处于疫苗有效期吗,?,7. The doctor says you must take fluids, and just have a light diet until you feel better.,医生说你需要吃流质食品,在康复之前都要吃容易消化的食品,1.医生给你开了处方.,The doctor has prescribed some medication for you.,2. 你需要服用一个疗程30天的药.,You need to take this medication for 30 days.,3. (询问女病人)请问月经正常吗?,Are you menstruating normally?,4. 你的脚会肿吗?,Are your feet swollen?,5. 咳嗽时有痰吗?,Do you have any sputum when you cough?,6. 拉肚子有多长时间了?,How long have you had diarrhea?,7. 粪便带血吗?,Is there any blood in your stools?,8. 我需要给你插入导尿管.,I need to catheterize you.,谢谢大家！,结 语,