pep六年级英语知识点2

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,六年级英语考点简单整理,一、,字母,五个元音字母是,Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo Uu,21个辅音字母是 Bb Cc Dd Ff Gg Hh Jj,Kk Ll Mm Nn Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt Vv,Ww Xx Yy Zz,常见的,字母,题型：,1,.按字母表顺序，写出下列字母的左右邻居。,Y,y,Tt,2,. 根据大写字母写出小写字母，或有小写写大写：,如：,K ,、,G ,、a,_,、,t_,3.按顺序写26个字母，看谁写得又快又漂亮。,二、,词汇,学生易错词汇：,1.,a,a,n的选择: 用于以元音音素(音标)开头的单词前用,a,n，用于以辅音音素(音标)开头的单词前用.,例子：This is,a,te,a,cher. This is,a,n,a,pple. She is,a,university student.2.,a,m , is ,a,re的选择: 单数用is , 复数用,a,re. I 用,a,m , you 用,a,re.,例子：She is,a,te,a,cher. They,a,re te,a,chers. You,a,re,a,student. I,a,m,a,te,aa,ve , h,a,s 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用h,a,s , 复数用h,a,ve. I ,you 用 h,a,ve .,例子：I h,a,ve,a,pen. She h,a,s,a,pen. They h,a,ve m,a,ny pens. You h,a,ve,a,pen.,4. there is, there,a,re 的选择:表示某地有某物，某人。单数用there is , 复数用there,a,re.例子：There is,a,pen on the desk.,There,a,re m,a,ny pens on the desk.5. some,a,ny 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用,a,ny. 例子：There,a,re some boys in the cl,a,ssroom.,There,a,re not,a,ny boys in the cl,a,ssroom.,A,re there,a,ny boys in the cl,a,用,ing形式，c,a,n后面加动词原形。,I like re,a,ding,a,book. I c,a,n cle,a,n my room.,7. 【in】后面所接的都是较长时间。具体用法有： in在时间方面的用法：（年、季节、月份、上午下午晚上、长时间）如：在1999年 in1999、 在春天 in spring 、在三月in M,a,rch、在早上in the morning、在一些日子里 in a few days.in 在表示地点方面的用法：（国家 城市 在里面）如：在中国 in Chin,a,在新疆 in Xinji,a,ng 在房子里 in the house,【on】后面所接的时间多与日期有关。具体用法有：表示在具体的某一天（如日期、生日、节日或星期几,),如,:,on M,a,y 4th； on Mond,a,y； on Te,a,chers D,a,y； on my birthd,a,y； on th,a,t,d,a,y等,表示某一天的上午、下午或晚上。如：on the morning of July 2； on Sund,a,y afternoon等。,【,a,t】后面的时间最短。具体用法有： 午夜中午用,a,t 如：,a,t night在晚上at用在点钟前 如：,a,t 7:00 在家也要用,a,t 如：,a,t home,三、形容词比较级详解,1.当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：,什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,如：,Im taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）,n elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）,2.形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是： 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine finer , large larger , 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny funnier , heavy heavier , 双写最后的字母再加er，如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter,3、不规则形容词比较级：,well-better， good-better, beautiful-more beautiful,根据句意填入单词的正确形式：,1. My brother is two years _(old)than me.,2. Is your sister _(young) than you? Yes,she is.,3. Who is _(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.,4. Whose pencil-box is _(big),yours or hers? Hers is.,5.My eyes are _(big) than _ (she).,6.Which is _(heavy),the elephant or the pig?,四、,名词复数规则,1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, b,a,g-b,a,gs,2以s. x. sh. ch,o,结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, w,a,tch-w,a,tches,tomato-tomatoes,potato-potatoes等。,3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：f,a,mily-f,a,milies, str,a,wberry-str,a,wberries,4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives,leaf-leaves.,5,不规则名词复数：m,a,n-men, wom,a,n-women, policem,a,n-policemen, policewom,a,n-policewomen, child-children,foot-feet, tooth-teeth,，,fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep,写出下列各词的复数：,tomato,_,candy,_this _,month,_,w,a,tch _child _photo _di,a,ry _,d,a,y_ foot_book_dress _,tooth_sheep _box_ str,a,wberry _,lea,f _pe,a,ch_ s,a,ndwich _,m,a,n_wom,a,n_juice_,bus,_,五、动词第三人称单数规则：,1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, like-likes,2以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：go-goes,do-does teach-teaches, wash-washes, watch-watches,3以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies, fly-flies,4不规则变化：have-has,写出下列动词的第三人称单数,drink _go _st,ay _make _ look _have_pass_carry _,come_watch_plant_ fly _,study_ brush_ do_ teach_,六、 动词加ing的变化规则,1一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking,2以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：like-liking; write-writing;make-making;take-taking,3以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的要双写未尾的辅音字母再加ing，如：get-getting; run-running, swim-swimming,shop-shopping stop-stopping,sit-sitting,put-putting,写出下列动词的现在分词：,play_run_swim _make_,go_ like_ write_ _ski_,read_ have_ sing _ dance_ put_love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_shop_,七、动词的过去式的构成规则, 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如work - worked , learn - learned , clean- cleaned , visit - visited,以e结尾的动词直接加d：如live - lived , dance - danced , use used , prepare - prepared, 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如study studied ,carry carried ,worry worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类）, 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如stop - stopped,2.不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bought , get got , read read ,fly flew , am/is was , are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , come came , think-thought,find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt , put put , fall-fell.,写出下列动词的过去式,is/am_ fly_ plant_ are _,drink_play_ go_ make _,do_dance_worry_ask _,eat_draw_study_take_,stop_feel_say_buy_,八、句型专项归类,1.肯定句变否定句：肯定句：指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子。否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子。,否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。1、有动词be的句子则在be后面加“not”，可缩写成“isnt，arent”，但am not 一般都分开写。2、没有动词be ，有can的，在can后面加“not”,完整形式can not,可缩写成cant.3、没有动词be和can的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do，does，did），然后在它后面加上“not”，要注要的是否定句后面接的动词都要用原形。你也可以把它们缩写在一起如（“dont , doesnt , didnt） 。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。,2.一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“yes”，或“no”来回答。,句子中有动词be/can的，把动词be/can调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。如：,They are students.,Are they students?Yes,they are.No,they arent.,She can sweep the floor.,Can she sweep the floor?,Yes,she can.No,she cannt.,没有动词be/c,a,n的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词（do，does，did）再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。当句子用“does”和 “did”来提问时，后面的动词要用原形。,如：I like apples. Do you like apples? Yes, I do. /No, I dont.,She likes apples. Does she like apples? Yes, she does. /No, she doesnt.,She went fishing yesterday. Did she went fishing yesterday? Yes, she did. /No, she didnt.,第一人称要改为第二人称，如：I改为you, my改为your. I,a,m,a,student.,A,re you,a,student? Yes, I,a,m / No, Im not.,一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词（助动词）和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。,当句子中出现some时，改为一般疑问句时，要改为any。,如,:,There are some students in the,c,lassroom.,Are there any students in the classroom?,Yes, there are. / No,there arent.,常见题型：,1,.,A,my likes pl,a,ying computer g,a,mes.(改为一般疑问句,并,作否定回答),2.,They,a,re doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句),3.,The students,a,re cle,a,ning the cl,a,ssroom . (,改为否定句),4,. They went to,a,p,a,rk yesterd,a,y.( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答),5.,She is going to listen to music,a,fter school.（,改为否定句）,九、,时态归类,（ 一）一般现在时,一般现在时基本用法介绍,1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。,2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up,a,t six every d,a,一般现在时的时间状语有：often, us,ua,lly, sometimes,always等。,一般现在时的构成,1. be动词：主语+be(,a,m,is,re)+其它。如： I,a,m,a,boy.我是一个男孩。,2.动词：主语+动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。,当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，,动词用第三人称单数形式,。如：M,a,ry likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。,（ 二）现在进行时,1.,现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。通常带有,now, listen, look,等时间词。,2.,现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为,be+,动词,ing.,3.,现在进行时的否定句在,be,后加,not,。,4.,现在进行时的一般疑问句把,be,动词调到句首。,5.,现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：,疑问词,+ be +,主语,+,动词,ing?,如：,What are you doing?,（三）一般将来时,1.,概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next,d,a,y(week, month, ye,a,r),soon, the d,a,y,a,fter tomorrow后天等,2.,基本结构：be going to + do； will+ do.,3.,否定句：在be动词（,a,m, is,a,re）后加not或情态动词will后加not缩写变成wont。,例如：Im going to h,a,ve,a,picnic this,a,fternoon. Im not going to h,a,ve,a,picnic this,a,fternoon.,4.,一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为,a,ny,a,nd改为or，第一人称要改为第二人称，如：I改为you, my改为your。,例如：We,a,re going to go hiking this weekend. ,A,re you going to go on hiking this weekend?,5.,同义句：be going to = will,I,a,m going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.,（四）一般过去时,1,.,一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。句中一般有以下时间状语：yesterd,a,y， l,a,st d,a,y(week, month, ye,a,r),two,ye,a,rs,a,go （,两,年前）, the d,a,y befor yesterd,a,y（前天）等。,2,.,Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：,a,m 和is在一般过去时中变为w,a,s。（w,a,s not=w,a,snt）,a,re在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）,带有w,a,s或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is,a,m,a,re一样即否定句在w,a,s或were后加not，一般疑问句把w,a,s或were调到句首。,3,.,句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子,否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterd,a,y.,一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。,如：Did Jim go home yesterd,a,y?,练习题：,用动词的适当形式填空,1. It _（be）Bens birthday last Friday.,2. We all _（have）a good time last night.,3. He _（jump）high on last Sports Day.,4. She likes _ newspapers，but she _ a book yesterday.（read）,5,. He _ football now，but they _ basketball just now.（play）,6,. _ they _（,play,）,badminton,on Sunday,s,? No，they _.,7. It _（be）the 2nd of November yesterday.,Mr White _（go）to his office by car.,l,8. What _ you _ yesterday? I _ some housework.（do）,9. They _（make）a kite a week ago.,10.There _no computers in my time.,11. She _（be）a pretty girl. Look，she _ (dance).,12. The students often _（draw）some pictures in the art room.,13.He is going to _(see) a film this weekend?,14.Peter likes _(draw) pictures.,15.Amy can_(play) the pipa.,