直接引语和间接引语-课件

直接引语和间接引语He says,“I leave my book in your room”He said that he left his book in your room.直接引语：直接引语：直接引述别人的原话直接引述别人的原话间接引语：间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话用自己的话转述别人的话直接引语一般前面要加引号，间接引语不用加引号直接引语一般前面要加引号，间接引语不用加引号在学习直接引语和间接引语过程中，应注意三个问题在学习直接引语和间接引语过程中，应注意三个问题1 1）选用正确引导词选用正确引导词2 2）语序（陈述句语序）语序（陈述句语序）3 3）人称、时态、指示词等的变化人称、时态、指示词等的变化间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句直接引语和间接引语可分为四大类：直接引语和间接引语可分为四大类：1 1）陈述句）陈述句2 2）祈使句）祈使句3)3)一般疑问句一般疑问句变成变成say/answer that引导的从句引导的从句变成变成ask/tell sb to do sth4)4)特殊疑问句特殊疑问句变成变成if/whether+称述句称述句变成由疑问词变成由疑问词+称述句称述句that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句Jane said that she was very fond of traveling.whether/if 引导的宾引导的宾语从句语从句John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.wh-词引导的宾语从句词引导的宾语从句John asked Mary when she would return him the book.一：陈述句一：陈述句陈述句的直接引语变间接引语时，用连词陈述句的直接引语变间接引语时，用连词thatthat引导引导（that that 在口语中常可省略）。从句中的人称、时态、在口语中常可省略）。从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要做相应的变化。He said,“I left my book in your room”He said that he had left his book in your room.变成变成say/answer that引导的从句引导的从句大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流可以互相讨论下，但要小声点可以互相讨论下，但要小声点可以互相讨论下，但要小声点可以互相讨论下，但要小声点）人称的变化）人称的变化一一随随主主二二随随宾宾第三第三人称人称不用不用变变引号内的第一人引号内的第一人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句主语的人称保句主语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第二人引号内的第二人称变间引后与主称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保句宾语的人称保持一致持一致引号内的第三人引号内的第三人称在变间引后去人称在变间引后去人称不变称不变She said,“I like Tennis.”She said that she liked tennisHe said to Lily,“you must get up early”He told Lily that she must get up earlyShe said to me,“They want tohelp him”She told me that they wanted help him一随主，二随宾，第三人称不用变一随主，二随宾，第三人称不用变1.“I like reading adventure stories,”said John.John said that he liked reading adventure stories.2.“I dont like computers,”Sarah said to her friend.Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.Exercise IExercise I2)2)时态的变化时态的变化He says,I will do it tomorrow”He says that he will do it tomorrow.如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态无需变化如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应直接引语变成间接引语时，从句的时态要做出相应的改变，变成相应的过去时态的改变，变成相应的过去时态Michael Phelps“I have a long body and long arms,a gift and love for swimming.”Phelps said that he had a long body and long arms,and a gift and love for swimming.一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时不变不变一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时“I started swimming at an young age in order to treat my ADHD disease.”Phelps said that he had started swimming at an young age in order to treat his ADHD disease.“I receive a 5-hour training everyday.”Phelps said that he received a 5-hour training every day.“I always desire to be the winner,to win gold medals and to break world records.”Phelps said that he always desired to be the winner,to win gold medals and to break world records.“One of my favorite things is to compete with the best swimmers in the world.”Phelps said that one of his favorite things was to compete with the best swimmers in the world.“I have many goals,and all of them are high.”Phelps said that he had many goals,and all of them were high.直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变句中的情态动词也应做相应的改变couldmightshould/woulddidnt have tomustought to“I will always try my best to be Phelps No.1.”Phelps said that he would always try his best to be Phelps No.1.3)3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化.时间状语时间状语:She said to me,”I lived there five years ago.”She told me she had lived there five years before.She said to me,”I will see her next week.”She told me she would see her the next week.由直接引语转变为间接引语由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况下列情况时态不变时态不变:1.不变的真理不变的真理 The teacher said to the students,“The earth goes around the sun.”The teacher told the students that the earth goes around the sun.2.经常的习惯：经常的习惯：He said to the doctor,“I smoke two packs every day.”He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.3.历史事件：历史事件：The teacher said,“World War ended in 1945.”The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.Bye-bye完成下列句子，将直接引语转完成下列句子，将直接引语转换为间接引语换为间接引语(每空一词每空一词)。1.“It is really cold,but it is so nice to be out on the lake,”she said to me.She _ me that it _ really cold,but it _ so nice to be out on the lake.toldwaswas2.“Did you ask your boss for a pay increase?”she asked the man.She asked the man _ he _ _ _ boss for a pay increase.if had askedhis3.The teacher asked the girl,“Why are you crying here?”The teacher asked the girl _ _ _ crying _.4.“When will the plane take off?”I wondered.I wondered _ _ _ _ _ _.why she wastherewhen the plane would takeoff 5.“Have you seen our plane yourself?”he asked the boy.He asked the boy _ _ _ _ _ plane _.whether he hadseen their himself把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。1.“I dont want to go there with Alice,”said Tom.2.“Is your father kind to you?”she often asks me.She often asks me whether/if my father is kind to me.Tom said that he didnt want to go there with Alice.3.Mother asked me what I was going to be when I grew up.4.“I have to study hard to make progress,”the girl said to her friend.“What are you going to be when you grow up?”Mother asked me.The girl told her friend that she had to study hard to make progress.He said,“The earth goes around the sun.”u He said that the earth goes around the sunMr.Wang said,“I was born in China in September,1972.”uMr.Wang said he was born in China in September,1972.5.“When will you go back to work?”Mr.Smith asked.Mr.Smith asked me when I would go back to work.“Will you go abroad or stay in Beijing?”he asked me.He asked me whether/if I would go abroad or stay in Beijing.He asked her,“You have passed the eaxm,havent you?”He asked her whether/if she had passed the exam.He asked,“Can I borrow your bike?”He asked whether/if he could borrow my bike.Tom said to me,“Do you like football?”Tom asked me whether/if I liked football.Mother said to me,“What are you doing in the room?”Mother asked me what I was doing in the room.1.Jack said to me,“You look worried today.”Jack told me that _ worried _.A.he lookstoday B.you looktoday C.we lookedthat day D.I lookedthat dayExercise IIExercise II2.We said to her,“Theyre walking through the street now.”We told her that _ through the street _.A.we were walkingthen B.you are walkingnow C.they were walkingthen D.they walkingnow 3.Mr Black said,“I have walked a long way this week.”Mr Black said that _ a long way _.A.I had walkedlast week B.he had walkedthat week C.I walkedlast week D.he has walkedthis week4.The man thought,“I shall take it back tomorrow.”The man thought that _ take it back _.A.I shalltomorrow B.I shallthe next day C.he shouldtomorrow D.he would the next day 5.They said to us,“Are you afraid to leave this house?”They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.A.that were wethis B.that we werethat C.if were we this D.if we werethat6.Jane said,“What did he hear about a week ago?”Jane asked _ about _.A.that he hearda week ago B.what he had heardthe week before C.what he had herd a week ago D.if he heardthe week ago7.She asked,“Whose house will he break into next time?”She asked whose house _ break into _.A.will henext time B.would hethe next time C.he wouldthe next time D.he willnext time 8.Jack said to her,“Where do you spend your holidays?”Jack asked her where _ holidays.A.she spent her B.you spend your C.she spend her D.you spent your9.Black asked me,“Why havent you left here yet?”Black asked me why _ yet.A.I hadnt left there B.I havent left here C.hadnt I left there D.havent I left here 10.The teacher asked her,“Does the sun rise in the east?”The teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east.A.ifrise B.ifrises C.whetherrose D.whether did riseHe said,“These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.She said,“I went there yesterday.”She said that she had gone there the day before.He said,“The earth goes around the sun.”u He said that the earth goes around the sunMr.Wang said,“I was born in China in September,1972.”uMr.Wang said he was born in China in September,1972.