动词的ing形式作定语和状语课件

动词的 ing 形式作定语和状语1Review动词动词-ing形式能在句中作主形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。独作谓语。Review动词-ing形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语2动词动词动词动词-ing-ing形式在句中作定语和状语是形式在句中作定语和状语是形式在句中作定语和状语是形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。本单元的学习重点。本单元的学习重点。本单元的学习重点。1.1.作定语作定语作定语作定语 动词动词动词动词-ing-ing形式可以单独充当名词的形式可以单独充当名词的形式可以单独充当名词的形式可以单独充当名词的前置前置前置前置修饰语修饰语修饰语修饰语,这时有两种情况。这时有两种情况。这时有两种情况。这时有两种情况。(1)(1)动词动词动词动词-ing-ing形式表示形式表示形式表示形式表示“供作供作供作供作.之用之用之用之用”的意的意的意的意 思思思思,这类作定语的这类作定语的这类作定语的这类作定语的-ing-ing形式叫动名词。形式叫动名词。形式叫动名词。形式叫动名词。a a swimmingswimming pool pool=a pool for swimming=a pool for swimming动词-ing形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点。1.3a a sleepingsleeping car car=a car for sleeping=a car for sleeping(2)动词动词-ing形式表示形式表示“.的的”意思意思,此时含此时含有有“正在正在”的意思，的意思，叫现叫现 在分词。在分词。a sleeping child working people the rising suna walking stick=a stick used for walkingdrinking water=water for drinking a waiting room=a room for waiting a sleeping car=a car for slee4动词-ing 形式是形式是短短语，应放在所修放在所修饰的名的名词后，相当于一个定后，相当于一个定语从句。从句。They are visitors coming from several countries.who come from several countries.Three days later I received a letter offering me the job.which offered me the job.The girl standing there _ is my classmate.who stands there动词-ing 形式是短语，应放在所修饰的名词后，相当于一个5Practice:(1)_ dogs seldom bite.A.Bark B.To bark C.Barked D.BarkingB.(2)The wolf spoke in a _ voice and Mr.Dongguo felt_.C.frightening;frightened D.B.frightened;frightened E.C.frighten;frightening F.D.frightening;frighteningDAPractice:DA6(3)Its pleasure to watch the face of a _ baby.A.asleep B.sleep C.sleeping D.sleptB.(4)The _ buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.C.A.shaking B.shook C.shaken D.shake CA(3)Its pleasure to watch the7现在分词作状语现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是现在分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上句子的主语，分词必须和句中的主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。的主谓关系，否则不能用现在分词作状语。但要注意它地各种形式变化：但要注意它地各种形式变化：主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 V-ing being V-ed having V-ed having been V-ed 一般式一般式完成式完成式现现在分在分词词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)，即加在含有，即加在含有 ing 这个单词的前面。这个单词的前面。现在分词作状语 现在分词作状语时，分词的逻8Eg.Hearing the bell,the students began to enter the classroom.听见铃听见铃声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入声，学生们开始走进教室。（听见和进入两个动作同时发生）两个动作同时发生）The building being built now is our new library.现在正在建造地现在正在建造地 这栋楼房室这栋楼房室我们地我们地 新图书馆（新图书馆（being built为现在分词为现在分词的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）的被动形式，表示动作正在进行之中。）Having done the work,he went home.完成了工作，他就回家了。完成了工作，他就回家了。Eg.Hearing the bell,the stud9 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的个句子，表示动作发生的原因原因、时间时间、方式方式、结果结果、条件条件、伴随状况伴随状况等。现在分词等。现在分词一般不一般不用作表目的状语用作表目的状语（通常用不定式表目的状语）（通常用不定式表目的状语）。现在分词作状语现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词10Walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.(=When I was walking in the street,I came across an old friend of mine.)While waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.(=While he was waiting for the bus,he read a copy of China Daily.)1）表时间状语表时间状语While waiting for the bus,he 112)表原因状语表原因状语 Being ill,he didnt go to school.(=as he was ill,he didnt go to school.)Being a student,you should study hard.(=Since you are a student,you should study hard.）既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话。Thinking he might be at home,I called him.(As I thought he might be at home,I called him.)2)表原因状语 Being a s12 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个主语的一个 动作动作，或是，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或，或是是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明充说明。这时候，可以变成一个这时候，可以变成一个 and 连接的并连接的并列句。列句。Eg.He sat on the sofa,watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa,and watched TV.)3)表方式、伴随情况的状语：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，13 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_,they went into the classroom.他斜靠他斜靠(lean)着墙站着。着墙站着。He stood leaning against the wall.(He stood and leaned against the wall.)Laughing and talking 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。_14 4)表结果表结果 (表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果）表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果）Eg.Her mother died in 1990,leaving her with her younger brother.(=Her mother died in 1990,and left her with her younger brother.)全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢欢 迎地歌曲。迎地歌曲。The song is sung all over the country,_.making it the most popular song 4)表结果 (表示自然而然、顺其自然的结果）15 5)表条件表条件 Using your head,you will find a way.(=If you use your head,you will find a way.)一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。_,you will see a white house.Walking ahead 5)表条件 Using y16ing 形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语态（态（完成式表示完成式表示v-ing的动作发生在谓的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前）语动词的动作之前）1.Never wanting it to happen again,the teacher scolded Jim seriously.2.Not knowing what to do next,she stopped to ask her sister for help.3.Being built,the buildings are not open to the students.4.Having experienced the bitterness of laziness,Jack made up his mind to work hard.5.Having been told that their parents had had an accident,the twin sisters burst into tears.ing 形式的否定式、完成式及其被动语态（完成式表示v-in17如果动词如果动词 ing形式的逻辑主语不是形式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语怎么办？句子的主语怎么办？动词的动词的ing形式（现在分词）作状语必须形式（现在分词）作状语必须满足一个条件满足一个条件:现在分词的逻辑主语必须现在分词的逻辑主语必须是句子的主语是句子的主语。如果不是这样，那么就。如果不是这样，那么就要在现在分词的前面加上它的逻辑主语，要在现在分词的前面加上它的逻辑主语，这样就变成了这样就变成了独立主格结构独立主格结构。如果动词 ing形式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语怎么办？动词的i18 动词的动词的inging形式形式与逻辑主语构成独立主格与逻辑主语构成独立主格结构：结构：I waiting for the bus,a bird fell on my head我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out,they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting,well do another two exercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。动词的ing形式与逻辑主语构成独立主格结构：19 有有时时也可用也可用with(without)+名名词词 （代（代词宾词宾格）格）+分分词词形式形式（with 的复合的复合结构）构）With the lights burning,he fell asleep.他点着灯睡着了。他点着灯睡着了。v-ing 作独立成分：作独立成分：Judging from(by)his appearance,he must be an actor.从外表看，他一定是个演从外表看，他一定是个演员员。considering 考虑到考虑到assuming/supposing/providing that.假如假如 有时也可用with(without)+名词20 Practise:(1)They set out _ for the _ boy.A.searching;losing B.searching;lost B.C.to search;lost D.searched;losingC.(2)The student sat there,_ what to do.D.doesnt knowing B.didnt knowing E.C.not know D.not knowingcD现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加not(never)Practise:cD现在分词的否定式21(3)He sat there _,with his head on his hand.A.and think B.thinking B.C.thought D.being thoughtC.(4)The _ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here.D.visiting;add B.visited;adding E.C.visiting;adding D.visited;addedBC(3)He sat there _,with h221.The secretary worked late into the night,_a long speech for the president.(MET91)A.To prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing B.2.European foot ball is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 98)C.Making B.makes C.made D.to makeB现在分词表结果状语现在分词表结果状语A 现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语高考链接1.The secretary worked late in233.“Cant you read?”Mary said _ to the notice.(MET93)A.angrily pointing B.and point angrily C.angrily point D.and angrily pointingA现在分词作伴随状语现在分词作伴随状语3.“Cant you read?”Mary said244._ a reply,he decided to write again.(MET92)A.Not receiving B.Receiving not C.Not having received D.Having not received B.5._ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.(上上海海91年题年题)C.Not knowing B.knowing not D.C.Not having known D.Having not knownCA现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。定词通常放在现在分词前面。作原因状语作原因状语4._ a reply,he decided to25 1.The stranger said something in a _ voice and the little girl was very much _.A.frightening,frightened B.frightened,frightening C.frightening,frightening D.frightened,frightened 1.The stranger said somet26 2.Mother caught the boy _ in thebcorner.A.smoke B.to smoke C.being smoked D.smoking 2.Mother caught the boy _27 3._ the programme,they have to stay there for another 2 weeks.A.Not completing B.Not completed C.Not having completed D.Having not completed 3._ the programme,th284.“We cant go out in this weather”,said Bob,_ out of the window.A.looking B.to look C.looked D.having looked 5.Though _ money,his parents managed to send him to university.A.lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in 4.“We cant go out in this we29 6._ such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered 6._ such heavy poll30 7.He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.putting 7.He looked around and ca31 8.Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away,_ into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing 8.Suddenly,a tall man 32 9._ in the queue for half an hour.Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.A.To wait B.Have waited C.Having waited D.To have waited 10.The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.A.Having hung B.hanging C.hangs D.being hung 9._ in the queue f33Individual activityIndividual activity341._ their hats into the air,the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.(2008天津天津)A.To throw B.Thrown C.Throwing D.Being thrownI.Multiple choice 1._ their hats into the a352.Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,_ supplies to Yushu,Qinghai Province after the earthquake.(2010福建福建)A.sending B.to send C.having sent D.to have sent2.Lots of rescue workers were364.He had a wonderful childhood,_ with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010安徽安徽)A.travel B.to travel C.traveled D.traveling3._ the city center,we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.(2010上海上海)A.Approaching B.Approached C.To approach D.To be approached4.He had a wonderful childhoo375.It rained heavily in the south,_ serious flooding in several provinces.(2010天津天津)A.caused B.having caused C.causing D.to cause6.The news shocked the public,_ to great concern about students safety at school.(2010重庆重庆)A.having led B.led C.leading D.to lead5.It rained heavily in the so387.The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.(2011全全国国)A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen8.Sarah pretended to be cheerful,_nothing about the argument.(2011全国全国II)A.says B.said C.to say D.saying7.The next thing he saw was s399.Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,_ on you feet.(2011北京北京)A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have kept10.Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house,_ newly cleaned and polished.(2011上上海春海春)A.looked B.to look C.looking D.to be looking9.Sit down,Emma.You will on4011.More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.(2011陕西陕西)A.making B.made C.to make D.having made11.More highways have been bu4113._ around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.(2011辽宁辽宁)A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering12.Do you wake up every morning _energetic and ready to start a new day?(2011湖南湖南)A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt13._ around the fire,the 42 1.When he approached Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her._ _ Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her.II.Rewrite the following sentences.When approaching2.The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages.The person _ _ _ can speak seven languages.translating thesongs 1.When he approached Ms Sm433.The boy standing there is reading a book about body language.The boy _ _ _ there isreading a book about bodylanguage.who is standing4.Because he comes from Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question_ _ Jordan,he moves close to ask you a question.Coming from3.The boy standing there is r44III.Using structureshold in arms,cry,appear sadThe woman holds her son in arms,crying and appearing very sad.III.Using structureshold in45box,hit on the face,move,stepsThe two boxing men try to hit the other on the face,moving their steps carefully.box,hit on the face,move,st46ski,laugh,excitingThey are skiing down the hill,laughing all the way.What an exciting scene it is!ski,laugh,excitingThey are s47dance,sing,raise arms up,amazing musicThey are dancing to amazing music,singing and raising their arms up.dance,sing,raise arms up,am48Koala Bear,carry,climb,search for foodCarrying her little baby on the back,the mother Koala Bear climbs up the trees,searching for food.Koala Bear,carry,climb,sear49 1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.4.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.Not havingworkingSeeingspeakingIV.改错改错 1.Having not seen the fil505.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.6.Knocking at the door before entering,please.7.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popular sport in the world.pointingKnockmaking5.“Cant you read?”the man s51Thank you!52