非谓语动词完整版课件

Nonfinite Verbs(非谓语动词非谓语动词)Nonfinite Verbs(非谓语动词)1非谓语做主语非谓语做主语非谓语做主语2SmokingisprohibitedhereItisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuchdoing 作主语通常表示抽象动作；作主语通常表示抽象动作；todo作主语表示具体动作。作主语表示具体动作。doing作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。todo 通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。DrivingacarduringtherushhouristiringTobeanathleteishisdream.Smoking is prohibited heredoi3Itis+adj.+(of/forsb.)todosth.Itsnogood/nouse/notanyuse/good,uselessdoingsth.Theresnodoing.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑。这种事开不得玩笑。Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.历史车轮不可阻挡。历史车轮不可阻挡。It is+adj.+(of/for sb.)4Beingstolenisamiserable(痛苦的痛苦的)experience.主语的复合结构主语的复合结构(注意注意not的位置的位置)it作形式主语作形式主语Marys/HisnotbeinglateforschoolHisnothavingbeenthereItisverykindofyoutohelpus.过去分词过去分词done不可作主语，若主语须表达被动含义，不可作主语，若主语须表达被动含义，则用则用beingdoneBeing stolen is a miserable(痛苦5非谓语做宾语非谓语做宾语非谓语做宾语6不定式不定式 的省略的省略1.1.一些表示心理活动、情感态度的动词或短语，如一些表示心理活动、情感态度的动词或短语，如expect/want/hope/wish/love/hate/decide/plan/mean/try/wouldlike/beready/beafraid/beglad等等后，动词不定式省略后，动词不定式省略toto后面的动词部分，但保留后面的动词部分，但保留to。(1)-Illbeawayonabusinesstrip.(2)Wouldyoumindlookingaftermydog?-Notatall.Idbegladto.(2)-Willyougowithme?-Well,Idliketo.(3)-Willyougohometomorrow?-No.Imgoingtoalecture，oratleastIamplanningto.不定式 的省略1.一些表示心理活动、情感态度的动词或短语，7注意：如若不定式结构中是注意：如若不定式结构中是be或或have,需保留需保留be 和和 have(3)-Areyouataxidriver?-No,Iusedtobe.(4)-Hasnthefinishedwritingthereport?-No,butheoughttohave.注意：如若不定式结构中是be或have,需保留be 和 h82.2.当当like或或want在由在由when/whenever/what/whatever/as/if等引导的状语从句中时，其后往往省略整个动词等引导的状语从句中时，其后往往省略整个动词不定式。不定式。(1)Comewheneveryoulike.(2)Tom,dontbenervous.Takewhateveryouwant!(3)Doanythingasyoulike.(4)Youdonthavetocomeswimmingifyoudontwant.2.当like或want在由when/whenever 9Icannotbutagreetohisterms.Wecoulddonothingbut/otherthanwait.Icannotchoosebut_(laugh)Wehadnochoicebut_(wait)buttodoexcepttodobesidestodootherthantodoCantchoosebutdo(只好只好)CanthelpbutdoCantbutdo当介词当介词but,except,besides 以及以及otherthan 前前有作为实意动词的有作为实意动词的do时，不定式的时，不定式的to可以省略。可以省略。I cannot but agree to his term10非谓语做表语非谓语做表语非谓语做表语11做表语做表语-主系表主系表todo具体行为具体行为表示表示“愿望，计划，愿望，计划，决定决定”betodo将来时态将来时态Mynextplanistodrawapictureforthehouseseem/appear(似乎，好像似乎，好像)prove/turnout(被证明是被证明是)remain(仍然仍然是，尚待是，尚待）等连系动词后等连系动词后Heseemed(tobe)veryhappy.Wearetomeetattheschoolgateatsix.(betodo表示安排表示安排)doing一般行为一般行为通常形容通常形容“物物”居居多多bedoing进行时态进行时态MyjobisteachingyouEnglish.Thefilmisexciting.Heiseatinganapple.done通常形容通常形容“人人”居居多多bedone被动被动Heismoved.Thejobisdone.Thebookisgone.做表语-主系表具体行为My next plan is t123.Iaskedherifshehadanyroomstolet.不定式主动形式表被动意义不定式主动形式表被动意义 1.Thehouseis_.2.Sheisnottheperson_.to rentto blame某些动词的不定式做表语时，其主动形式表达被动含义。某些动词的不定式做表语时，其主动形式表达被动含义。常用的有常用的有：toblame,toseek,tolet3.I asked her if she had any 13不定式做表语的省略：不定式做表语的省略：1.The first things he did was go up to her trainer and thank her for all her help during her training.2.What we want to do now is lie down and rest.3.What a dictionary does is help the students to find out the meaning and the usage of new words.不定式做表语的省略：14非谓语做定语非谓语做定语非谓语做定语15a wounded soldierthe soldier woundedinthebattlea wounded soldier161)Themachine_(run)bytheoldworkerismadeinShanghai.2)Thewoman_(talk)toaforeignerisourEnglishteacher.runtalking1.doing表示主动表示主动；done表示被动表示被动Listen!Thesong being sungisverypopularwiththestudents.1)The machine _(run)by t172.doing表示动作正在进行表示动作正在进行done表示动作动作已经结束表示动作动作已经结束todo表示将来表示将来Thestudentshaveclearedawaythe_(fall)leaves.fallen2.doing 表示动作正在进行The students 183.doing说明人或物的性质；表示说明人或物的性质；表示“令人令人的的”；done说明人或物的状态，表示说明人或物的状态，表示“感到感到的的”1）Shelistenedwitha_(puzzle)expressiononherface.2）The_(disappoint)lookreflectedthathewasnotverysatisfiedwithmystudies.puzzleddisappointedanexcitedvoiceaninterestingstoryafrightenedgirl3.doing 说明人或物的性质；表示“令人的”；1）19-ing做定语说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能做定语说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能 readingmaterialwalkingstickfishingpoleflyingsuitwritingtablelisteningpractice阅读材料阅读材料手杖手杖鱼杆鱼杆飞行服飞行服写字台写字台 听力训练听力训练-ing做定语说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能 reading 20 todo 不定式作定语的相关注意点不定式作定语的相关注意点1.1.作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所 修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不 定式后面须有相应的介词。定式后面须有相应的介词。Heislookingforaroomto live in.Thereisnothingto（担心）（担心）Pleasegivemeaknifeto（切）（切）不定式所修饰的名词如果是不定式所修饰的名词如果是timetime，placeplace或或wayway，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。Hehadnomoneyandno place to live他没钱没地方住。他没钱没地方住。worryaboutcutwith to do 不定式作定语的相关注意点1.作定语的不定式如果212.2.在在therebe结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去 完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式，如果说话人完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式，如果说话人强强 调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。Thereisalotofworkto do (Somebodyhastodothework)Thereisalotofworkto be done(Theworkhastobedone)2.在there be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去223.3.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式 动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也也 可用被动语态，但其意义有所不同。可用被动语态，但其意义有所不同。Haveyouanythingto send?你有什么东西要寄吗你有什么东西要寄吗?(不定式不定式tosend的动作执行者是的动作执行者是you)Haveyouanythingto be sent?你有什么要你有什么要(我或别人我或别人)寄的东西吗寄的东西吗?(不定式不定式tobesent的动作执行者是已被省略的的动作执行者是已被省略的me或或someoneelse)3.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式23非谓语做宾补非谓语做宾补非谓语做宾补241.在在see,hear,feel,watch等感官动词后作宾补等感官动词后作宾补：doing表示正在进行的动作表示正在进行的动作do表示动作结束，强调结果表示动作结束，强调结果done表示其与宾语之间为表示其与宾语之间为被动关系被动关系主动关系主动关系Weheardhersingingthissongwhenwegothere.Weoftenhearthissongsungbyher.在see,hear,feel,watch等感官动词后作252.在在have,set,keep,leave,get等动词后作宾补等动词后作宾补doing表示进行的状态或持续的状态表示进行的状态或持续的状态done表示被动关系表示被动关系Imsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Youshouldntkeepyourlightsburningintheday.注意：以上几个动词的用法并不完全相同。注意：以上几个动词的用法并不完全相同。2.在have,set,keep,leave,ge263.在使役动词在使役动词make后作宾补后作宾补do表示主动表示主动done表示被动表示被动Theapproachingexaminationmademestudydayandnight.Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyselfheard.3.在使役动词make后作宾补273.在在with复合结构中作宾补复合结构中作宾补doing表示主动表示主动done表示被动表示被动todo表示将来表示将来Withtheboyleadingustheway,wehadnodifficultyinfindingherhouse.Withhomeworkdone,Jimwentouttoplayfootball.Withsomuchhomeworktodo,Jimhastostayathome.3.在with复合结构中作宾补doing表示主动With 28非谓语做状语非谓语做状语非谓语做状语29做状语做状语Todo目的，结果，原目的，结果，原因因Inorderto,soastoSoasto,suchasto,enoughto,tootoOnlyto(不幸的意外的结果不幸的意外的结果)Imgladtoseeyou./Heshookhisheadasiftosay“Donttrusther.”Doing结果，条件，让结果，条件，让步，时间，伴随步，时间，伴随Crossingthestreet,Imetafriend.Whileflyingoverthechannel,thepilotsawabird.done条件，让步，时条件，让步，时间，伴随等间，伴随等Giventime,hewouldwin.Unlessinvitedtospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.Havingdone:一个动作在另一动作之前一个动作在另一动作之前Havingvisitedthefactory,hewenthome.做状语To do目的，结果，原因In order to,301.Therebeingnopen,Ihadtowritealetterwithapencil.2.Timepermitting,Illgooveralltheselessonsbeforetheexam.3.Theywalkedinthegarden,littlebirdssinginghappilyinthetree.独立主格结构独立主格结构1.There being no pen,I had to31注意区别从句与非谓语注意区别从句与非谓语Workhardandyoulldobetter.Ifyouworkhard,youwilldobetter.Workinghard,youlldobetter.Ihaveseveralbooks,oneofwhichisbasedonamovie.Ihaveseveralbooksandoneofthemisbasedonamovie.Ihaveseveralbooks,oneofthembasedonamovie.注意区别从句与非谓语Work hard and youll32做题步骤做题步骤一、理解句子含义，分析句子结构一、理解句子含义，分析句子结构二、找出逻辑主语，分析语态二、找出逻辑主语，分析语态三、分析时态，做出判断三、分析时态，做出判断做题步骤一、理解句子含义，分析句子结构33非谓语动词的有关练习非谓语动词的有关练习Fill in the blanks:1 I would love _(go)to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.2We agreed _(meet)here but so far he hasnt turned up.3-You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.4 -Well,now I regret _(do)that.54 Robert is said _(study)abroad,but I dont 6 know what country he studied in.75 While shopping,people sometimes cant help _8 (persuade)into buy something they dont really need.96 He claimed _(badly,treat)in the 10supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.117 The Olympic Games,_(play)in 776 BC,didnt 12 include women players until 1912.to have goneto meethaving doneto have studied being persuadedto have been badly treatedplayed非谓语动词的有关练习Fill in the blanks:348 Do you mind _(Jane,leave)alone at home?9 The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _(carry out)the next year.10 Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ (expect)in my new job .11 She cant help _(clean)the house because she s busy making a cake.12 Cleaning women in big cities get _(pay)by the hour.13 _(give)the general state of his health,it may take him a while to recover from the operation.14 If you go to Xian,youll find the palaces there are more magnificent than commonly _(suppose).15-Mum,why do you always make me eat an egg every day?-_(get)enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.16 The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_(not,make)it more difficult.Janes being leftcarried outto expectto cleanpaidGivensupposedTo getnot to make8 Do you mind _3517 Last summer I took a course on how_(make)a dresses.18How about the two of us _(take)a walk down there?19The patient was warned _(eat)oily food after the20 operation.20The students would love _(take)for a picnic.21Robert is said _(write)a book,but I dont 22 know when he can finish it.22This page needs_(check)again.23-What do you think of the book?24 -Oh,excellent.Its worth _(read)a second time.24He has always insisted on the man_(call)Dr.Turner 25 instead of Mr Turner.25After_(check),the products leave the factory.26Tom kept quiet about the accident so as _(not,lose)27 the job.27_(excite),she couldnt fall asleep.2828 No one can stop earthquake _(happen).2929 Be quick!They have the car _(wait)outside.to maketakingnot to eatto be takento be writingchecking/to be checkedreadingbeing calledbeing checkednot to loseExcitedhappeningwaiting17 Last summer I took a course3630 Dont have him_(work)all day long.I can help him because Ive got nothing _(do)these days.31 Those who have questions _(ask),_(raise)your hands.32This room is used _(store)food.33The pilot is quite used _(fly)in all kinds of weather.34The postcard I had been looking forward to _(reach)35 me yesterday.35We dont need _(leave)so early.36They spent the whole night,_(lock)in the old house.37When _(ask)why he was late,he just kept silent.38The man jumped into the river and did everything he could 39 _(save)the _(drown)boy.39We must pay attention to the problem he referred _40 _(make)fewer mistakes in our future work.40Special attention has been paid to _(find)the answer to 41 the problem.workingto doto askraiseto storeto flyingreachedto leavelockedaskedto savedrowningto to makefinding30 Dont have him_(wor37