SectionA1 (22)课件

新目标新目标八年级八年级(下下)Unit 6How long have you been collecting shells?Unit 6Discuss the following questions:Did youlast night/yesterday?When did you start?I startedatHow long have you?I haveforHow long have you been doing?Ive been doingfor+一段时间一段时间since+一个时间点一个时间点 Yao Ming1980:be born1989 2011:play basketballHe started playing basketball in 1989.He has been playing basketball since 1989.He has been playing basketball for 20 years.Li Yuchun 1984:be born1987 2011:singHow long has she been singing?When did she start singing?She started singing in 1987.She has been singing for 22 years.since 1987.成龙成龙(Jackie Chan)1954:be born1961now:actHe has been acting for 49 years.How long has Jackie Chan been acting?He has been acting since 1961.Michael Jackson 1958:be born1963 2009:singerHow long has Michael Jackson been a singer?Michael Jackson has been a singer for 45 years.A:Whats your hobby?B:A:How long have you been?B:I have been for/since.1.How long did you sleep last night?2.When did you start class today?3.How long have you been in class today?I slept for hours last night.We started class at today.I have been in class for hours today.QuestionsIve been skating for five hours.How long have you been skating?1b Listening How long?AlisonSamVictor Celia Ive been skating for five hours.I skated for four hours.Ive been skating for five hours.I skated for two hours.PAIRWORK Ask and answer questions about the people in the picture.A:How long has Alison been skating?B:Shes been skating for five hours.A:How long did Sam skate?B:He skated for four hours.2a Listening 1.How long did you skate today?2.How long have you been skating today?3.Was this your first skating marathon?4.Do you skate every day?5.When did you get your first pair of skates?6.How long have you been skating?Questions 1.How long did you skate today?2.How long have you been skating today?3.Was this your first skating marathon?4.Do you skate every day?5.When did you get your first pair of skates?6.How long have you been skating?2b ListeningAnswersa.No,I skated in a marathon last year.b.Yes,I do.c.For six hours.d.Since I was seven years old.1.Congratulations on winning the skating marathon!Congratulations!祝贺你！祝贺你！Congratulations on doing sth.祝贺你做了某事祝贺你做了某事2.I skated in a marathon last year.我在去年的一场马拉松比赛中滑过冰。我在去年的一场马拉松比赛中滑过冰。3.How long did you skate?(一般过去时一般过去时)How long have you been skating?(现在完成进行时现在完成进行时)How long have you been here?(现在完成时现在完成时)How long?多长时间多长时间?(疑问句疑问句)e.g.:How long have you been waiting?你已经等了多久你已经等了多久?How long will the meeting last?会议将持续多长时间会议将持续多长时间?4.I have been collecting shells for five years.现在完成进行时的构成现在完成进行时的构成:have/has been+现在分词现在分词,表示从过去某一时间开始一表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作直延续到现在的动作,并有肯能持续下去。并有肯能持续下去。现在完成进行时的这种用法多用于延续性现在完成进行时的这种用法多用于延续性动词动词,比如：比如：work,live,study等等,它所表它所表示的动作可能一直延续到说话时为止示的动作可能一直延续到说话时为止,或或可能继续持续下去。现在完成进行时还可可能继续持续下去。现在完成进行时还可以表示从过去到现在的重复性动作。以表示从过去到现在的重复性动作。现在完成时的语法作用现在完成时的语法作用(1)在强调指出动作还未结束在强调指出动作还未结束,还要继续下还要继续下去。如：去。如：Ive been reading this book for two hours,but I havent finished it.这本书我已读了两个小时了这本书我已读了两个小时了,但我还没读完。但我还没读完。(2)强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。她一贯是这样工作的。(3)动作不包含持续意义的动作动作不包含持续意义的动作,要表示要表示延延 续到现在的动作续到现在的动作,要用现在完成进行时要用现在完成进行时。Theyve been building a ship.他们一直在造一艘船。他们一直在造一艘船。(在进行在进行)(4)现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这 段时间反复发生的事情。段时间反复发生的事情。Weve been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。最近我们经常见面。2c PAIRWORKA:How long have you been skating?B:Ive been skating since I was seven years old.定义定义:表示某动作从过去开始表示某动作从过去开始,一直延一直延续到现在经历了多长时间续到现在经历了多长时间,常有可能持常有可能持续下去续下去,常和表示一段时间的状语连用。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。此时态包含现在进行时的含义此时态包含现在进行时的含义,也包含也包含现在完成时的含义。现在完成时的含义。时间状语时间状语:1.for+一段时间一段时间 2.since+过去的时间点过去的时间点 3.since+一般过去时的句子一般过去时的句子构成：构成：have/has been+V-ing+注意注意:for表示时间的持续表示时间的持续,后跟时间段。后跟时间段。表示一段时间表示一段时间,多与带数词的名词连用多与带数词的名词连用,谓语需用延续性动词。谓语需用延续性动词。since表示表示“自从过去某一时间点以来自从过去某一时间点以来”,后面接时间点后面接时间点,强调动作或状态一直强调动作或状态一直延续到现在延续到现在,一般用现在完成时或现在一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时完成进行时。since后可接表时间的名词后可接表时间的名词或名词短语或名词短语,也可接一个时间状语从句。也可接一个时间状语从句。Ive been studying English for two years.Ive been studying English since two years ago.He has been collecting shells since he was ten.否定句：否定句：主语主语+have/has+not+doing (现在分词现在分词)1.I havent been writing the letter for two hours.2.He hasnt been sleeping for 4 hours.3.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语主语+been 4.+doing(现在分词）现在分词）?5.1.Have you been writing the letter for two hours?6.2.Has he been sleeping for 4 hours?QuestionsAnswers DifferenceHow long did you do?I did forstopHow long have you been doing?I have been doing for since nine oclock since 1995.since ten year ago.since I was years old.continue现在完成进行时与一般过去时的区别现在完成进行时与一般过去时的区别 这两种时态所表示的动作虽然都发这两种时态所表示的动作虽然都发生在过去生在过去,但是但是现在完成进行时现在完成进行时强调的强调的是动作的持续或进行是动作的持续或进行,而而一般过去时一般过去时则则只表示过去的动作或状态只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在没有和现在没有什么联系。例如：什么联系。例如：He has been swimming since four oclock.他从四点起一直在游泳。他从四点起一直在游泳。(现在还在游现在还在游)He swam at four oclock.四点钟他在游泳。四点钟他在游泳。(不涉及现在是否还在游不涉及现在是否还在游)How long has she been dancing?She has been dancingfor 3 hours.since 3 hours ago.3 hours45 minutesHow long has she been learning?She has been learningfor 45 minutes.since 45 minutes ago.What is/are doing?How long has/have.been?Using since/for:45 minutes half an hour 2 year 5 years 1 hour 2 hours一、选择填空一、选择填空()1.Ive been skating _ three hours today.A.about B.forC.since()2.Weve been studying English _ two years ago.A.for B.fromC.sinceBC()3.She started skating _ 9 oclock.A.for B.at C.since()4.Sam _ collecting shells for five years.A.isB.started C.has been()5.How long have you _ today?A.swimming B.been swimming C.started swimmingBCB二、用二、用 for或或since填空填空1.I have been practicing my oral English _ 10:30.2.Mary has been running _ 15 minutes.3.Sarah has been sleeping _ 9:00.4.Dale has been talking on the phone _ 5 minutes.sinceforsincefor5.Louie has been studying Chinese _ he was 6 years old.6.I have been watching you _ 10 minutes.7.Lana has been running _ 15 minutes8.Tom has been sleeping _ 9:00.sinceforforsince9.He has been living here _ 2001.10.She has been doing her homework _ two hours.11.I have been watching TV _ 10 minutes.12.How long has Mary been a teacher?_ two years ago.sinceSinceforforIII.将下列汉语翻译成英语。将下列汉语翻译成英语。1.雨已经下了两个星期了。雨已经下了两个星期了。_2.你奶奶从年轻时就一直运动吗？你奶奶从年轻时就一直运动吗？是的是的,她一直运动。她一直运动。_It has been raining for two weeks.Has your grandmother been doing sports since she was young?Yes,she has.3.这些天他一直没有打篮球。这些天他一直没有打篮球。_When did you start collecting stamps?