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InversionUnit4GrammarSentencesfromthisunit:1.NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.2.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.3.Onlyifyouaskmanydifferentquestionswillyouacquirealltheinformationyouneedtoknow.4.Herecomesmylistofdosanddonts:英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓谓语语在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前,就就叫叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前前,叫叫全部倒装全部倒装;如果只把助动词或如果只把助动词或be动词放在主语之前就叫动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装部分倒装。什么是倒装呢什么是倒装呢?Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.主语位于谓语主语位于谓语are之后之后原句自然顺序是：原句自然顺序是：Manystudentsarethereintheclassroom.全部倒装全部倒装1.用于用于therebe句型。句型。2.用于用于“here(there,now,then)+不及不及物动词物动词+主语的句型中主语的句型中,或以或以out,in,up,down,away等副词开头的句子里等副词开头的句子里面面,表示强调。表示强调。a.Herecomesthebus.b.Theregoesthebell.c.Nowcomesourturn.d.Outwentthechildren.注意：注意：代词作主语时代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。主谓语序不变。Hereitis.Thereitgoes.3.当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。也常引起全部倒装。Tothesouthofthecityliesabigsteelfactory.Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.Underthetreestandsalittleboy.划线的均是表示地点划线的均是表示地点状语状语,位于句首。位于句首。4.表语置于句首时表语置于句首时,倒装结构采用倒装结构采用“表语连系动词主语表语连系动词主语”的结构的结构(1)形容词连系动词主语形容词连系动词主语PresentatthemeetingwereProfessorWhite,ProfessorSmithandmanyotherguests.(2)过去分词连系动词主语过去分词连系动词主语Gonearethedayswhentheycoulddowhattheyliked.(3)介词连系动词主语介词连系动词主语AmongthegoodsareChristmastrees,flowers,candlesandtoys.5.为了保持句子结构平衡或为了强调表为了保持句子结构平衡或为了强调表语或状语语或状语,或是为了使上下文结构紧凑。或是为了使上下文结构紧凑。Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.强调状语强调状语Insidethepyramidsaretheburialroomsforthekingsandqueensandlongpassagestotheserooms.保持句子结构平衡保持句子结构平衡1.用于疑问句。用于疑问句。DoyouspeakEnglish?由由Ifyouhadreviewedyourlessons这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。2.用于省略用于省略if的虚拟条件句。的虚拟条件句。Hadyoureviewedyourlessons,youmighthavepassedtheexamination.部分倒装部分倒装3.用于用于Nosoonerthan,Hardlywhen和和Notuntil的句型中。的句型中。Nosoonerhadshegoneoutthantheclassbegan.Notuntiltheteachercamedidhefinishhishomework.4.用于用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little,atnotime,notonly等否定词开等否定词开头的句子里。头的句子里。NevershallIdothisagain.Atnotimecanyousay“no”totheorder.Seldomdoesheeatbreakfast.5.用于用于only开头的句子开头的句子(only位于句首位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)。OnlyinthiswaycanyoulearnEnglishwell.OnlywhenhetoldmedidIrealizewhattroublehewasin.6.用于用于so,nor,neither开头的句子开头的句子,表表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语结构一致。语结构一致。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.Mysonisastudent.SowasIthirtyyearsago.7.在在so/suchthat的结构中的结构中,若若so/such置于句首置于句首,则句子部分倒装。则句子部分倒装。SodifficultaproblemisitthatIcantworkitout.Suchanoblepersonishethatpeopleallrespecthim.8.用于某些祝愿语中。用于某些祝愿语中。Mayyousucceed.Mayyouhavethebestseasonever.倒装句中主谓何时不倒装倒装句中主谓何时不倒装在需要倒装的种种句型中，在需要倒装的种种句型中，有时主语和谓语并不需倒装，有时主语和谓语并不需倒装，大致可归纳如下几种：大致可归纳如下几种：1.疑问句中疑问句中,如果疑问词作主语或如果疑问词作主语或主语的修饰语主语的修饰语,主谓不倒装。主谓不倒装。Whathappenedtoher?她出了什么事？她出了什么事？Howmanypeopleareworkinginthatlaboratory?有多少人在那间实验室里工作？有多少人在那间实验室里工作？2.在以在以in,out,back,up,down,off,away,here,there等副词开头的句子中等副词开头的句子中,如果主语是人称代词如果主语是人称代词,主谓不倒装。主谓不倒装。Awayhewenttothestation.他到车站去了。他到车站去了。Hereshecomes.她来了。她来了。3.如果置于句首的由如果置于句首的由only引导的词组引导的词组不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。Onlytheteachersareallowedtousethisroom.只有教师可以使用这个房间。只有教师可以使用这个房间。OnlysomeofthechildrenlikeEnglish.只有一些孩子喜欢英语。只有一些孩子喜欢英语。4.如果置于句首的如果置于句首的notonlybutalso仅连接作主语的两个并列词仅连接作主语的两个并列词组，则主语和谓语不倒装。组，则主语和谓语不倒装。Notonlymenbutalsowomenandchildrenareaffectedbythenewlaw.新法律不仅对男人，而且对妇女和新法律不仅对男人，而且对妇女和儿童也有影响。儿童也有影响。5.把副词性替代词把副词性替代词so提前提前,如果两句如果两句的主语相同的主语相同,且后者只是进一步肯定或且后者只是进一步肯定或强调前者强调前者,so后面的语序不倒装。后面的语序不倒装。Itsraining.Soitis.Bobdidntknowaboutit.Sohedidnt.鲍勃不知道这件事。鲍勃不知道这件事。他确实不知道。他确实不知道。下雨了。下雨了。是下雨了。是下雨了。6.以以so开头的句型开头的句型,如果是如果是soitis(was)with+另一主语另一主语,此时主语和此时主语和谓语不倒装。如：谓语不倒装。如：MarxwasborninGermanyandGermanwashisnativelanguage.SoitwaswithEngels.马克思出生在德国马克思出生在德国,德语是他的母德语是他的母语语,恩格斯也是如此。恩格斯也是如此。Review1.倒装的概念：谓语的全部或者一部倒装的概念：谓语的全部或者一部分提到主语的前面。分提到主语的前面。2.倒装的原因：倒装的原因：1)语法结构要求语法结构要求;2)强调。强调。3.用倒装的情况。用倒装的情况。4.不需用到倒装的情况。不需用到倒装的情况。Individual activity注注:另附另附 word word 文档。文档。点击此处链接点击此处链接1.IfJoeswifewontgototheparty,2._.(2007全国全国)A.hewilleither B.neitherwillheC.heneitherwillD.eitherhewillQuiz I:Multiple choice 2.Howwastheteleviseddebatelastnight?Super!Rarely_somuchmediaattention.(2007上海上海)A.adebateattractedB.didadebateattractC.adebatedidattractD.attractedadebate3.Little_thatwewerewatchinghiseverymove,soheseemedtobegoinghisownwayinthisbusiness.(2007安徽安徽)A.herealizedB.hedidntrealizeC.didntherealizeD.didherealize4.Myroomgetsverycoldatnight._.(2007江苏江苏)A.SoismineB.SomineisC.Sodoesmine D.Sominedoes5.IhavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesfortwentyyears,butseldom_solonelyasnow.(2007辽宁辽宁)A.haveIfeltB.IhadfeltC.IhavefeltD.HadIfelt6.Itwasannouncedthatonlywhenthefirewasundercontrol_toreturntotheirhomes.(2008江西江西)A.theresidentswouldbepermittedB.hadtheresidentsbeenpermittedC.wouldtheresidentsbepermittedD.theresidentshadbeenpermitted7.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItaly_howmuchIlovedthem.(2008重庆重庆)A.IrealizedB.IhadrealizedC.hadIrealizedD.didIrealize8._youeatthecorrectfoods_beabletokeepfitandstayhealthy.(2008江苏江苏)A.Onlyif;willyouB.Onlyif;youwillC.Unless;willyouD.Unless;youwill9.Somuchofinterest_thatmostvisitorssimplyrunoutoftimebeforeseeingitall.(2008上海上海)A.offersBeijingB.BeijingoffersC.doesBeijingofferD.Beijingdoesoffer10.NotuntilIcamehomelastnight_tobed.(2009四川四川)A.MumdidgoB.didMumgoC.wentMumD.Mumwent11.Thecomputerwasusedinteaching.Asaresult,notonly_,butstudentsbecamemoreinterestedinthelessons.(2009全国全国I)A.savedwasteachersenergyB.wasteachersenergysavedC.teachersenergywassavedD.wassavedteachersenergy12.Sosudden_thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.(2009山东山东)A.didtheattackB.theattackdidC.wastheattackD.theattackwas13.Little_aboutherownsafety,thoughshewasingreatdangerherself.(2009陕西陕西)A.didRosecareB.RosedidcareC.RosedoescareD.doesRosecare14.Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,away_.(2009上海上海)A.fleeingthethiefB.wasfleeingthethiefC.thethiefwasfleeingD.fledthethief15.Notuntilhelefthishome_toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.(2010江西江西)A.didhebeginB.hadhebegunC.hebeganD.hehasbegan16.Johnopenedthedoor.There_hehadneverseenbefore.(2010陕西陕西)A.agirldidstandB.agirlstoodC.didagirlstandD.stoodagirl17.AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandJialingRiver_,oneofthelargestcitiesinChina.(2010重庆重庆)A.liesChongqingB.ChongqingliesC.doeslieChongqingD.doesChongqinglie18.Onlywhenhereachedthetea-house_itwasthesameplacehedbeeninlastyear.(2011全国全国I)A.herealizedB.hedidrealizeC.realizedheD.didherealize19.Itsnice.Neverbefore_suchaspecialdrink!Imgladyoulikeit.(2011福建福建)A.IhavehadB.IhadC.haveIhadD.hadI20.Onlyaftertheyhaddiscussedthematterforafewhours_adecision.(2011湖南湖南)A.theyreachedB.didtheyreachC.theyreachD.dotheyreach21.OnlyafterMaryreadhercompositionthesecondtime_thespellingmistake.(2012天津天津)A.didshenoticeB.shenoticedC.doesshenoticeD.shehasnoticed22.Onlywiththegreatestofluck_toescapefromtherisingfloodwaters.(2012上海上海)A.managedsheB.shemanagedC.didshemanageD.shedidmanage23.Theheadmasterwillnotpermitthechangeinthecourse,nor_itathought.(2012重庆重庆)A.doesheevengivenB.heevengivesC.willheevengiveD.hewillevengiven24.Neverbefore_seenanybodywhocanplaytennisaswellasRobert.(2012江西江西)A.hadsheB.shehadC.hassheD.shehas25.Notuntilheretiredfromteachingthreeyearsago_havingaholidayabroad.(2012辽宁辽宁)A.hehadconsideredB.hadheconsideredC.heconsideredD.didheconsiderQuiz II:Translation HadIrealizedwhatyouintendedIshouldnothavewastedmytimetryingtoexplainmatterstoyou.1.如果我了解你的意图，我就不会浪费如果我了解你的意图，我就不会浪费时间向你解释了。时间向你解释了。2.那记号很小，我几乎看不到。那记号很小，我几乎看不到。SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.3.教堂附近有一间破旧的小屋教堂附近有一间破旧的小屋(cottage)。4.他一点也不知道警察就要逮捕他了。他一点也不知道警察就要逮捕他了。5.无论什么情况下我们都不要放弃计划。无论什么情况下我们都不要放弃计划。Undernocircumstancecanwegiveuptheplan.Nearthechurchwasaruinedcottage.Littledidheknowthatthepolicewereabouttoarresthim.FinishtheExercises1-3onPage64inyourWorkbooks.
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