情态动词的用法课件

Grammarmodal verbs Firstwealthishealth.Q1:Whatshould/shouldntwedotokeephealthy?Q2:Whatkindoffoodmustweeattobestrong?Q3:Whatoughtwetoeattostayslim?First wealth is heal主要情态动词主要情态动词Can,couldMay,mightMust/havetoNeedDareWill/wouldShall/should/oughtto Whatmodalverbshaveyoulearned?主要情态动词Can,could What modal ve高考中的情态动词特点高考中的情态动词特点高考中的情态动词特点高考中的情态动词特点高考中的情态动词特点高考中的情态动词特点1.情态动词有一定的意义，只表示情态动词有一定的意义，只表示期待期待或或估计估计某事的发生，某事的发生，不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情。不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情。2.没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。3.不能独立使用不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语。，它和后面的动词构成谓语。4.情态动词情态动词除除ought和和have外外，后面只能接动词原形，后面只能接动词原形5.情态动词情态动词没有非谓语形式没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。，即没有不定式，分词等形式。只作情态动词的只作情态动词的can/could,may/might,oughtto,must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的need,dare可情态可助动词的可情态可助动词的shall/should,will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的haveto情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征1.情态动词有一定的意义，只表示期待或估计某事的发生，不能1.must&need&haveto1.must&need&have to注意：注意：1)must表示推测时，表示推测时，只能用于只能用于肯定句。肯定句。mustdo对对一般时一般时的肯定推测的肯定推测musthavedone对对过去发生的事情过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断作出的肯定判断mustbedoing对对现在的动作现在的动作进行肯定推测进行肯定推测e.g.他们买了一辆新车。他们买了一辆新车。他们一定很有钱他们一定很有钱Theyhaveboughtanewcar.Theymust havealotofmoney.他现在一定在看小说他现在一定在看小说Hemust be readingnovelsnow.路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。Theroadiswet.Itmust have rainedlastnight.注意：must do -Needhestartfromthebeginning?-Yes,hemust.-No,heneednt/doesnthaveto.1.作作情态动词情态动词时时,仅用于否定或疑问句仅用于否定或疑问句,后接动词原形后接动词原形,表表“需要需要”2)needYouneedntreturnthebooknow.2.neednthavedone表示做了本不必要做的事情表示做了本不必要做的事情,意为意为“本不必要本不必要”OurcolorTVsetisstillgoodenough.Youneednthaveboughtanewone.3.作作实义动词实义动词时时,表示表示“需要需要”，有人称、时态、和数的变，有人称、时态、和数的变化化Heneedstofinishitthisevening.Theclassroomneedscleaning.-Need he start from the beg4)注意对注意对need问句的回答问句的回答:-NeedIfinishtheworktoday?-Yes,_.No,_.No,_.youmustyouneedntyoudonthavetoneednt对其它情态动词的回答对其它情态动词的回答:-ShallItellJohnaboutit?-No,you_.-No,you_.-Mustwedoitnow?-No,you_.-No,you_.needntdonthavetoneedntdonthaveto4)注意对need问句的回答:you mustyou ne1表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事,要用要用was/wereableto.2could,might,would表委婉语气用于疑问句表委婉语气用于疑问句,答语仍须用答语仍须用can,may,will.3can用于肯定句中用于肯定句中,可表示可表示”有时可能有时可能”2.can/could 1 表示某人通过努力克服困难做成某事,要用was/wer4.can/could have done“本可以，本可能做某事本可以，本可能做某事”用于用于肯定句肯定句中，表示对中，表示对过去发生的事情过去发生的事情做出的判断。做出的判断。你本来可以考的更好。你本来可以考的更好。You could have had a better mark.5.can/could not have done 对对过去发生过去发生行为进行推行为进行推测测:不可能做某事不可能做某事1)刚才我还看见他了，刚才我还看见他了，所以他不可能出国的。所以他不可能出国的。I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.2)门是锁着的，门是锁着的，所以她不可能在家。所以她不可能在家。The door was locked，soshecouldnthavebeenathome.4.can/could have done“本可以，本可3.may/might3.may/might注意：注意：might/may have done,表示对表示对过去发生的动作过去发生的动作进行可进行可能性推测，能性推测，1）他可能去医务室了。）他可能去医务室了。He may have gone to the clinic.2）他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。）他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。He might have read about the news in the newspaper.注意：1）他可能去医务室了。He may have gone1.-May I use your pencil?-Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.2.She may not be working now.3.John might be at home now.4.Helen may go on the trip with us,but she isnt very sure yet.5.She may/might have read it in the paper.6.He may not have finished reading the book.1.-May I use your pencil?2.4.will/would4.will/would5.shall,should和和oughtto5.shall,should 和ought toYoushalldoasIsay.(命令命令)1.在陈述句中在陈述句中,shall用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、用于二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。命令、决心等。ShallIopenthewindowforyou？（征求意见）？（征求意见）2.在疑问句中在疑问句中,用于一、三人称，用来表示请求或征用于一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见。求意见。注意：注意：Tellhimthatheshallhavethebooktomorrow.(允诺允诺)Nothingshallstopmedoingit.(决心决心)Shallhefetchsomewaterforyou？（请求）？（请求）You shall do as I say.(命令)1.Youngpeopleshouldlearnhowtousecomputers.3.should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与常表示劝告、建议、命令，与oughtto意意义相近，但义相近，但oughtto多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。Everycitizenoughttoobeylaw.Yououghtnottogo.Youshould/oughttohavetoldherthetruthearlier.Sheshouldnthaveleftwithoutsayingaword.4.should/oughttohavedone表示责备或批评表示责备或批评,意意为为“本应该本应该但但”,oughtto的语气更强烈的语气更强烈,用于否定用于否定则表示则表示“本不该本不该但但”5.Should用于可能性推测时用于可能性推测时,表表“应该，很可能应该，很可能”Theyleftat5:30.Theyshouldgettherenow.Young people should learn how 1.作为情态动词情态动词用，常用在否定句否定句和疑问句疑问句中。Dare(need)+S+VS+darent(neednt)+VI darent walk through the forest at night.Dare you walk through the forest at night?You neednt return the book now.Need he go yesterday?六六.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare 1.作为情态动词用，常用在否定句和疑问句中。Dare(ne2.作实义动词实义动词用，常用在肯定句肯定句中,有人称、时态、和数的变化He needs to go there himself.He has grown up,so we dont need to worry about him.3.Sth(sb)need(want,request)+doing/to be done The house needs cleaning/to be cleaned The boy needs sending to the hospital at once.2.作实义动词用，常用在肯定句中,有人称、时态、和数的变化表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测must 对将来对将来对现在对现在对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may,mightcant,couldntcan,could+V.+V.+havedone常见常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不”+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing表示推测情态动词的重要用法肯定的推测must ExercisesI.Try to explain the meanings of the I.Try to explain the meanings of the modal verbs in the following modal verbs in the following sentences.sentences.1.He can speak English well.2.You can go home now.3.That cant be true.4.Could you please show me the way to Beihai Park?5.They hunters are lost.They could starve.6.May I come in?7.He may give you some help?abilitypermissionguessingrequestpossibilitypermissionpossibilityI.Try to explain the meanings8.Dont worry.I will help you.9.Often he would dress up like a rich man.10.Would you like to join us for dinner?11.You shall have the ticket as soon as I get it.12.You should arrive at the airport two hours before he goes.13.It is five oclock.He should turn up soon.14.Wang Feng wins an award every year.He must be strong.promisepasthabitrequestpromisepredictionadvicespeculation8.Dont worry.I will help you2.用情态动词完成句子用情态动词完成句子1).Youvebeenworkingallday.You_beverytired.2).(Thedoorbellrings)Iwonderwhothatis.It_beLisa.Shesstillinthelibraryatthistime.3).Itisalongtimesincewemetlasttime.You_comeandseeusmoreoften.mustcantshould2.用情态动词完成句子mustcantshould4.IhaventdecidedwhereImgoingformyholidays.I_gotoAustralia.5.Myfathersbirthdayisccoming.What_Igivehim?6.Whydontyoutryonthisdress?It_lookniceonyou.mayshallwill4.I havent decided where Im 7.“Whowasthemantalkingwithyourteacher?”“Imnotsure.It_beherbrother.”8.Idontknowwhentheguests_behere.They_arriveatanytime.mightwillcould7.“Who was the man talking wi3.完成下列句子：完成下列句子：1.Idontknowwheresheis,she_.(可能在武汉）可能在武汉）(be)2.Atthismoment,ourteacher_（想必在批改）（想必在批改）ourexampapers.(mark/grade)3.Theroadiswet.It_(一定下雨了）一定下雨了）lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother_（一定一直在找你）（一定一直在找你）(look)maybeinWuhangradingmustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlookingforyou.3.完成下列句子：may be in Wuhan 5.Philip_seriouslyinthecaraccident.(可能受了重伤可能受了重伤).(hurt)6.-Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.-She_(可能走了可能走了)bybus.(go)7.Mike_(一定还没有找回一定还没有找回)hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecanthavefound4.Multiple-choice5.Philip _1.IsntthatAnnshusbandoverthere?No,it_behim.Imsurehedoesntwearglasses.(04全国全国I29)A.cant B.mustnotC.wontD.maynot2.IlltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.You_herlastweek.(04福建福建32)A.oughttotellB.wouldhavetoldC.musttellD.shouldhavetold3.Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI_reportittothepolice?(04广西广西21)A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can4.Mr.White_at8:30forthemeeting,buthedidntshowup.(04广西广西27)A.shouldhavearrivedB.shouldarriveC.shouldhavehadarrivedD.shouldbearriving5.Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPalace?Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit_be.(04湖北湖北26)A.mightB.willC.mustD.can1.Isnt that Anns husband o6.Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.You_havemycomputerifyoudonttakecareofit.(04湖南湖南28)A.shantB.mightnotC.needntD.shouldnt7.IdontmindtellingyouwhatIknow.You_.Imnotaskingyouforit.(04江江苏22)A.mustntB.maynotC.cantD.neednt8.Mum,IvebeenstudyingEnglishsince8oclock._IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile?No,Imafraidnot.Besides,itsrainingoutsidenow.(04辽宁宁29)A.Cant B.WouldntC.Maynot D.Wont9.You_betiredyouveonlybeenworkingforanhour.(04全国全国II29)A.mustnotB.wontC.cantD.maynot10.Childrenunder12yearsofageinthatcountry_beunderadultsupervisionwheninapubliclibrary.(04上海上海28)A.must B.mayC.canD.need6.Excuse me,but I want to u11.Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?Well,ifyou_know,hernameisMabel.(04天津天津31)A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall12.I_payTracyavisit,butIamnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.(04浙江浙江26)A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could13.“Theinterest_bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.(04重重庆24)A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall14.Hepaidforaseat,whenhe_haveenteredfree.(05年山年山东34)A.couldB.wouldC.mustD.need15.He_havecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldntbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.(05年北京年北京26)A.shouldB.mustC.wouldntD.cant11.Who is the girl standing 16.I_havebeenmorethansixyearsoldwhentheaccidenthappened.(05年天津年天津14)A.shouldntB.couldntC.mustntD.neednt17.Ivetakensomeoneelsesgreensweaterbymistake.It_Harrys.Healwayswearsgreen.(05年广年广东33)A.hastobeB.willbeC.mustntbeD.couldbe18.Tomisneverlateforwork.Whyisheabsenttoday?Something_tohim.(05年江西年江西22)A.musthappenB.shouldhavehappenedC.couldhavehappenedD.musthavehappened19.TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit_beveryslow.(05年浙江年浙江9)A.shouldB.mustC.willD.can20.Lucydoesntmindlendingyouherdictionary.She_.Ivealreadyborrowedone.(05年湖南年湖南24)A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt16.I _ have been more 21.Thiscakeisverysweet.You_alotofsugarinit.(05年年辽宁宁26)A.shouldputB.couldhaveputC.mightputD.musthaveput22.Iwasonthehighwaywhenthiscarwentpastfollowedbyapolicecar.They_atleast150kilometersanhour.(05年重年重庆33)A.shouldhavebeendoingB.musthavebeendoingC.couldhavedoneD.wouldhavedone23.Tom,you_leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!(05年全国年全国I26)A.wouldntB.mustntC.needntD.maynot24.DidyoutellJuliaabouttheresult?Oh,no,Iforgot.I_hernow.(05年全国年全国III8)A.willbecallingB.willcallC.callD.amtocall25.John,lookatthetime._youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?(05年全国年全国III19)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need21.This cake is very sweet.Y26.Helen_goonthetripwithus,butsheisntquitesureyet.(05年安徽年安徽26)A.shallB.mustC.mayD.can27.Catherine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.Thanks.You_it.Icouldmanageitmyself.(05年福建年福建31)A.needntdB.neednthavedoneC.mustntdoD.shouldnthavedone28.There_beanydifficultyaboutpassingtheroadtestsinceyouhavepracticedalotinthedrivingschool.(05年上海年上海27)A.mustntB.shantC.shouldntD.neednt29.Someaspectsofapilotsjob_beboring,andpilotsoften_workatinconvenienthours.(06湖南湖南32)A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must30.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday.I_thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.(06江西江西24)A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.neednthavetakenD.mustnthavetaken26.Helen _ go on the t31.Theresnolightonthey_beathome.(06全国全国I、II卷卷24)A.cantB.mustntC.needntD.shouldnt32.MayIsmokehere?Ifyou_,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.(06山山东30)A.shouldB.couldC.mayD.must33.We_haveprovedgreatadventurers,butwehavedonethegreatestmarchevermadeinthepasttenyears.(06天津天津11)A.needntB.maynotC.shouldntD.mustnt34.Whatsthename?Khulaifi._Ispellthatforyou?(06北京北京25)A.ShallB.WouldC.CanD.Might35.IsJackondutytoday?It_behim.Itshisturntomorrow.(06四川四川32)A.mustntB.wontC.cantD.neednt31.Theres no light on they36.CouldIhaveawordwithyou,mum?Ohdear,ifyou_.(06浙江浙江19)A.canB.mustC.mayD.should37.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe_sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.(06福建福建27)A.couldntB.shouldntC.cantD.mightnot38.Theworkerswillgoonstrikeifthedemandsthey_putforwardareturneddown.(06福建福建32)A.couldB.wouldC.不填不填D.had39.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,you_havecomethismorning.(06陕西西19)A.needntB.mayntC.cantD.mustnt40.IthinkIllgiveBobaring.You_.Youhaventbeenintouchwithhimforages.(06江江苏21)A.willB.mayC.havetoD.should36.Could I have a word with Thanksalot!Thanks a lot!