广东高考读写任务-摘要写作课件

HOW TO WRITE A HOW TO WRITE A SUMMARYSUMMARYHe who seize the right moment,is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。歌德歌德 If the dream is big enough,the facts dont count.如果梦想远大，就一定可以克服艰难险阻。高考英语读写任务是给出一段短文，让考高考英语读写任务是给出一段短文，让考生阅读后在规定的时间内用生阅读后在规定的时间内用2-3句话句话，不，不超过超过30词词概括文章大意，然后根据一个主概括文章大意，然后根据一个主题，围绕几个要点发表自己的一些看法。题，围绕几个要点发表自己的一些看法。而要写好读写任务，就要注意这些方面：而要写好读写任务，就要注意这些方面：关注关注关键词关键词、中心词中心词，掌握，掌握状语从句、定状语从句、定语从句语从句及一些及一些特殊句型特殊句型，灵活使用，灵活使用衔接词衔接词，正确使用正确使用标点符号标点符号，并熟悉，并熟悉夹叙夹议夹叙夹议的写的写作方法。作方法。1.1.完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改完全糊涂地照抄原文，连人称都不改 的，得的，得0 0分；分；2.2.机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得机械死板地照抄原文，只改人称的，得 1 1分；分；3.3.稍微灵活地抄原文，改主语、宾语、原稍微灵活地抄原文，改主语、宾语、原 文词序的，得文词序的，得2 2分；分；4.4.创造性地抄，改主语、宾语、原文词序创造性地抄，改主语、宾语、原文词序还有句子结构的，最多得还有句子结构的，最多得3 3分；分；5.5.结构、用词、词性变化比较好的得结构、用词、词性变化比较好的得4 4至至5 5分。分。广东高考概括部分评分细则广东高考概括部分评分细则Definition（定义）（定义）A summary is a short account/paragraph giving the main points of something longer or detailed.3 Styles of PassagesStyles（体裁）（体裁）Functions（功能）（功能）Narration(记叙文记叙文)describe a person or an event,with afterthoughtsArgumentation(议论文议论文)show the writers point of viewExposition(说明文说明文)introduce something,eg.a phenomenonThe Steps of Writing a Summary(1)定时态定时态：如果阅读材料是过去时，：如果阅读材料是过去时，那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现那么基本时态用过去时；如果是现在的，那么基本时态用现在时；在的，那么基本时态用现在时；(2)定人称定人称：一般情况下采用第三人：一般情况下采用第三人称来写作，特殊如书信的，可能会称来写作，特殊如书信的，可能会使用第一、二人称；使用第一、二人称；(3)定技巧定技巧：结合相关技巧，重新组：结合相关技巧，重新组句。句。How to find the key sentences or key words?体裁体裁关键句关键句记叙文记叙文议论文议论文说明文说明文抓住抓住who,what happened,及及the writers purpose通常抓住首段和尾段通常抓住首段和尾段抓住首段或各段首句抓住首段或各段首句Exemplifying in Skills阅读时划出每一句的主语 谁 主语谓语形容词短文中出现最多的主语名词，通常就是大意句的主语。“干什么”“怎么样”观点和态度关键词的分类褒：赞成 or 肯定贬：反对 or 否定Exemplifying in Skills说明文和新闻报道记叙文议论文中心句(通常在首段)抓好关键词现象分析型说明文:“现象”“现象形成原因”“解决问题的方法或建议”“五何”:何时(when),何地(where),何人 (who),何事(what),结果如何(how)夹叙夹议型:加上作者的看法或感想等 以第三人称或无人称来概括找出中心论点以及最后的结论，再补充论据针对不同文体写短文概要(1)记叙文概要模板记叙文概要模板点明写作目的类：点明写作目的类：The writer tells us（主题）（主题）by showing us an example of,who/which（故事情节）（故事情节）.作者经历类：作者经历类：In the passage,the writer mainly tells us hisexperience of doing sth,which他人经历类：他人经历类：This passage is mainly about sbs experience of doing sth.Passage 1 I took a trip to a big lake in Indonesia with my family two years ago.It was really a huge lake with beautiful scenery all around.People were amazed by the endless view in front of our eyes.Later on,unlike other girls,I volunteered to go water-skiing alone,I put on the life jacket,got on the motorboat immediately and started my engine as soon as possible.The lake seemed broad and endless,I was so thrilled to enjoy my trip among the mountains and waters that I sped my motorboat.Then,after some time,I found myself in the middle of the endless lake.A sudden fear came around me.I didnt know where I was or even how far I had gone from the shore.What was worse,it began to rain and it became very cold and foggy.I rode everywhere but find my way back.It was useless for me to cry or shout for help.I was so terrified that I began to think about all kinds of horrible things.After floating on the water helplessly and hopelessly for a long time,suddenly I heard someone calling my name.Soon,a big steamboat sailed to me and they pulled me up to the deck and asked me if I was hurt.I couldnt say a word but cried out in my fathers arms.whowhenwherewhatwhyhowresultwhat to learn材料分析材料分析“I”two years ago“writer”a trip to a big lake in Indonesiagot lost/was in dangerwent to water-skiing alone,too thrilledfather came to rescue/save her Summary 1 Once the writer was on a trip to a lake where she went water-skiing alone.She was too excited and enjoyed herself that soon she got lost.Fortunately,her father came to rescue her.(35 words)Summary 2 The passage tells us about the writers experience of going water-skiing alone in an endless lake where she was in great danger.Luckily,her father came to save her.(29 words)We may begin like these:1.The passage is about the writers unforgettable experience to water-skiing.2.The writer tells us about his unforgettable experience to water-skiing.3.The story is about the writer who went to water-skiing.4.The author tells us that the writer went to water-skiing.passage 2 Everyone has an experience they would rather forget.Some are embarrassing,some are moving,and some teach us a lesson.Here is a story of mine.Last Sunday I went fishing.After setting up my fishing rod（钓鱼竿）（钓鱼竿）with bait（鱼饵）（鱼饵）,I sat down on the bank of the lake.But two hours later,I didnt catch any fish.I got very angry and began to pack up my stuff（收拾东西）（收拾东西）,preparing to go back home.Just then,I saw an old man sitting near me.To my surprise,his basket was full of fish,so I went over to him,wanting to know why.“Excuse me,but how long have you sat here?”I asked.“About four hours,”he answered.“Four hours?”I couldnt believe my ears.“Yes.Its very important to be patient,”the old man said.“Dont consider fishing a tiring sport.Just enjoy it.”Suddenly,I understood what he said.I must learn to be patient.Then I sat there and waited for fish patiently.I felt a fish touch the bait,but I didnt move and waited for the right moment to reel it in（卷收钓鱼线）（卷收钓鱼线）.At last,I caught it.This made me very happy.In the following six hours,I caught over 10 fish.On my way home,I thought what had happened on the bank.I gradually realized that the secret of success was patience.whowhenwherewhatwhyhowresultwhat to learn材料分析材料分析the writer,an old manon the bank of the lakewas taught a lesson by an old mancaught 10 fish when going fishing last SundayPatience is important.Patience is the secret of success.In this passage,the writer mainly tells us his experience of fishing and the unforgettable lesson that was taught by an old man.He knew the importance of patience and finally got some fish.(35 words）My version for the summarySummary 1 According to the passage,the writer tries to tell us the importance of patience through his experience of fishing and the lesson that was taught by an old man(the lesson that the old man gave him.)(29 words)Summary 2Learning tips:For a narration,we should find out when where who did what and how.If its a myth,fable(寓言）寓言）or a narration with some comments,we should include“who did what and philosophy views feelings.The points you should pay attention to1.不需要把所有要点都涵盖。不需要把所有要点都涵盖。2.在这些内容中比重最大的是在这些内容中比重最大的是what，不要把不要把what写得太详细，注意浓缩。写得太详细，注意浓缩。3.找出叙事中夹带的议论，挖掘出文找出叙事中夹带的议论，挖掘出文章的主题。章的主题。4.用自己的话把主题和主要情节组织用自己的话把主题和主要情节组织成摘要。成摘要。whowhenwherewhatwhyhowresultwhat to learn 材料分析材料分析when he was two years oldStephen Glennat homespilt the milk all over the kitchen floorbecause he lost his grip on he bottle Learned how to carry a big bottle played in the milk,cleaned it up,Learn through mistakes The passage tells us about As we know,no one can avoid making mistakes.The most import thing for you is how to learn something from the mistakes and never make the same mistake again.Take me as an example.Once,I had such a similar experience.I still can well remember one of my experiences If I would like to give encouragement instead of punishmentgive a chance to realize ourselves and correct the mistakestry to find more and better ways to solve problems.Only in this way can we grow up/make gradual progress.What should you pay attention to when writing a summary?1.Mainly use the words and phrases in the original passage.Do not include your own opinion,but be sure to use our own words.(主要引用原文的词句主要引用原文的词句,不能添加自己的见解不能添加自己的见解，但是要用自己的语言概括）但是要用自己的语言概括）2.Write it in the third person.（第三人称）第三人称）suggestions注意事项：注意事项：“五定三忌五定三忌”定体裁；定主题；定时态；定体裁；定主题；定时态；定人称；定技巧。定人称；定技巧。忌照抄原文；忌私加观点；忌照抄原文；忌私加观点；忌不符字数。忌不符字数。