同位语从句课件

GrammarAppositive ClauseGrammarThe idea that you would cross the whole continent was exciting.The idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days is just wrong.The fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people.1.概念概念:在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。2.功能功能:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。内容。同位语从句同位语从句 The idea that you would cross 3.抽象名词抽象名词:常跟的抽象名词有常跟的抽象名词有:4.连词连词:常用的连词有：常用的连词有：fact,idea,opinion,thought,order,doubt,news,hope,truth,belief,suggestion,advice,view,promise,request,proposal提提议议/建议建议,demand,question等等抽象名词抽象名词 that/whether who/what/which when/where/why/how想一想想一想3.抽象名词:常跟的抽象名词有:fact,idea,1.that,whether(只起连接作用，不作成分）只起连接作用，不作成分）There is no doubt that the price of cars will go down.I have some doubt whether he really knows me.The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.1.that,whether(只起连接作用，不作成分）T2.连接代词连接代词who,which,what连接副词连接副词where,when,how,why(引导词在从句中作成分）引导词在从句中作成分）The question who should go abroad requires consideration.I have no idea which one I should choose.I have no idea where she comes back.He refused to answer the question how he got all his money.2.连接代词who,which,what连接副词whe注意：注意：1.为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时候被别的词把它和名词隔开。候被别的词把它和名词隔开。The story goes that William killed the tyrant with an arrow.Word came that our team had won the game.Suddenly the thought came to him that he could go blind.注意：The story goes that William2.若被同位语说明的名词是表示若被同位语说明的名词是表示建议建议（如（如advice,suggestion,proposal)要求要求（如（如demand,request,requirement)、命令命令（如（如order）时，同位语从句中的谓语用）时，同位语从句中的谓语用“should+动词原型）动词原型）He made the suggestion that we(should)start at once.Soon we received the order that we(should)stop fighting at once.2.若被同位语说明的名词是表示建议（如advice,su大家注意啦！同位语从句与定语从句区别同位语从句与定语从句区别:大家注意啦！同位语从句与定语从句区别:He told me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.He told me the news that he heard on the radio the day before.(定语从句定语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)辨析：辨析：定语从句是定语从句是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴属于形容词性从句的范畴;而而同位语从句同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的是从句对前面抽象名词的进进一步的说明和解释一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴属于名词性从句的范畴 He told me the news that The news that our team has won the game was true.我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。(同位语从句同位语从句,补充说明补充说明news到底是一个什么消息；到底是一个什么消息；that不可代替，一般不省略不可代替，一般不省略)The news that had spread all over the world made the man famous.那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了。那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了。(定语从句定语从句,news在从句中作在从句中作had spread的主语；的主语；that很多时候可以用很多时候可以用which/who/whom等来代替，作宾语等来代替，作宾语时可省略，如下：时可省略，如下：)He told me the news(that)he heard on the radio the day before.辨辨析析 The news that our team has wThey expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.The hope(that)she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.Lets have a try at once同从？定从？同位语从句同位语从句：they would come to visit China 对对hope 进行进行具体的说明具体的说明。定语从句定语从句：hope 充当充当express的的宾语宾语。They expressed the hope that t The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday.(同位语从句同位语从句,是对是对order的具体解释的具体解释,that虽不作虽不作成分成分,但不能省略但不能省略)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups.(定语从句定语从句,是名词是名词order的修饰语的修饰语,that在从句中在从句中作作received的宾语的宾语,可以省略可以省略)The order that we should sen 引导词引导词that引导定语从句时引导定语从句时,在从句中一般在从句中一般作作主语主语或或宾语宾语(指物时还可以用指物时还可以用which代替代替),并且作宾语时常常省略；并且作宾语时常常省略；that在同位语从句中仅起在同位语从句中仅起连接连接作用作用,不充当不充当任何成分任何成分,并且不能省略并且不能省略,也不能用也不能用which来代替，如来代替，如:一起小结一起小结that：引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语 有些词如有些词如 可以引可以引导同位语从句导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句。但不能引导定语从句。如如:That question whether we need it has not been considered.我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。whether,how,whatwhether,how,whatThe order when we should return hasnt reach us.我们什么时候应该返回的命令还没到。The day when New China was founded will never be forgotten.新中国成立的那天永远不会被忘记。同是副词引导的同从、定从同是副词引导的同从、定从The order when we should retur同位语从句的简易判断法：同位语从句的简易判断法：名词名词 同位语从句同位语从句 beThe news that we won the match is true.可改为：可改为：The news is that we won the match.The news that you have heard is true.若改为：若改为：The news is that you have heard.若能构成一个完整的，符合逻辑的新句子，就若能构成一个完整的，符合逻辑的新句子，就是同位语从句是同位语从句同位语从句的简易判断法：beThe news thII.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。哪些含有定语从句。The news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world.Thats the best piece of news Ive heard.同同定定II.判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。同定 Is there any hope that he will be home at 7?Ive no hope that my parents have been expecting to me.同同定定 Is there any hope that he wi The possibility that you referred to doesnt exist at all.There is a strong possibility that we may be in France for the next week.同同定定 The possibility that you refI.在在空空格格处处填填上上适适当当的的词词，使使下下列列定定语语从从句句和和同同位位语语从句完整。从句完整。1.The news was very exciting _ our class had won the football match.2.This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year.3.The person to _ you spoke is a famous actor.where that whom I.在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定语从句和同位语从句完整。4.They are familiar with the opinion _ all matter consists of atoms.5.The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.that(that)4.They are familiar with the6.This is our only request _ this(should)be settled as soon as possible.7.All agreed to his suggestion _ a bridge across the river（should）be built.thatthat例例6 6和和7 7中使用了虚拟语气，其中中使用了虚拟语气，其中shouldshould可以可以省略。出现名词省略。出现名词suggestion,advice,suggestion,advice,order,request,require,proposalorder,request,require,proposal等时。等时。例题例题6和和7有什么特点？有什么特点？be built.(should)be settled(should)6.This is our only request _同位语从句课件 1.The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all.A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact _ he was successful proves his ability.A.that B.what C.which D.why AA练一练！练一练！1.The fact _ she works 3.The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which B.that C./D.it BB 3.The news _ he was kid 5.I have no idea _ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./6.Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which BA 5.I have no idea _ he w 7.The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what DC 7.The thought _ he migh 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A.that B.as C.of which D.which A 9.The nurses are trying th 10.He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.A.whether B.where C.that D.when 11.The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a dangerous speed.A.as B.which C.what D.that AB 10.He often asked me the q 11.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whether B 11.Along with the letter w 13.Luckily,wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.A.it B.that C.this D.which 14.Do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A.that B.what C.as D.whichDB 13.Luckily,wed brought a 15.One of the men held the view _ the book said was right.A.that B.what that C.that what D.whether that 引导同位语从句，补充说明引导同位语从句，补充说明view;what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。C 15.One of the men held the16.A story goes _Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A.when B.where C.what D.thatD16.A story goes _Elizabeth17.Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.A.which B.that C.what D.whetherB17.Along with the letter was 18.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_.A.that;to be improved B.which;to be improved C.where;improving D.when;improvingA18.There is a new problem inv19.There is a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO isnot never.A.that B.which C.of which D.whatA19.There is a feeling in me 20.I have no idea _ we can spend our holiday.A.where B.which C.that D.whatA20.I have no idea _ we can21.The news _ he told us yesterday is not true,but the news _ our team has won the match is true.A./;that B.that;/C.that;which D.that;whoA21.The news _ he told us y22.The question occurred to me _ the book was worth reading.A.what B.whether C.which D.ifB22.The question occurred to mDiscovering useful structures Discovering useful structures Answer key for exercise 1 on page 37:1.The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting.2.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days,but they forget the fact that Canada is 5,500 kilometres from coast to coast.3.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.Discovering useful structures Suggest answers to exercise 2 on page 37:1.The possibility that the weather in winter would be warmer pleased the Canadians.2.The idea that there will be and earthquake terrifies many people.3.The hope that we could go to France was exciting.4.The fact that more and more people settle down in Canada surprises me.5.The belief that the world is flat is not scientific.Suggest answers to exercise 2