中考第一轮复习之-完形填空(一)教学课件

中考第一轮复习之中考第一轮复习之 完形填空完形填空(一一)16、自己选择的路、跪着也要把它走完。17、一般情况下)不想三年以后的事，只想现在的事。现在有成就，以后才能更辉煌。18、敢于向黑暗宣战的人，心里必须充满光明。19、学习的关键-重复。20、懦弱的人只会裹足不前，莽撞的人只能引为烧身，只有真正勇敢的人才能所向披靡。感悟中考感悟中考()1.A.dangerous B.different C.impossible D.terrible解析解析：考查形容词词义辨析。由上文：考查形容词词义辨析。由上文oftenoften、连词、连词butbut表转表转折和下文内容可知情况有所变化。故选折和下文内容可知情况有所变化。故选B B。()2.A.promise B.wish C.suggestion D.decision解析解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据下文：考查名词词义辨析。根据下文“Joe“Joe要离家去要离家去AlbanaAlbana参加参加6 6个月的培训，我得独自带孩子个月的培训，我得独自带孩子”可知这是一可知这是一个困难的决定。故选个困难的决定。故选D D。BD感悟中考感悟中考()3.A.miss B.keep C.get D.accept解析解析：考查动词词义辨析。：考查动词词义辨析。missmiss错过，错过，keepkeep保留，保留，getget得得到，到，acceptaccept接受。根据句意可知这份工作是一直有的。故接受。根据句意可知这份工作是一直有的。故选选B B。()4.A.whom B.whose C.which D.what解析解析：考查定语从句。先行词：考查定语从句。先行词friendsfriends指人，且在从句中指人，且在从句中做宾语。故选做宾语。故选A A。BA感悟中考感悟中考()5.A.firstB.next C.otherD.last解析解析：考查语境。从上文：考查语境。从上文“Joe“Joe将离开家将离开家”可知这是他在可知这是他在家的最后一个晚上。故选家的最后一个晚上。故选D D。()6.A.us B.them C.meD.her解析解析：考查代词。从下文：考查代词。从下文“Lifting the baby from my“Lifting the baby from my arms(arms(他从我的手里接过孩子他从我的手里接过孩子)”)”可知此处应选可知此处应选C C。()7.A.expecting B.remembering C.agreeing D.allowing解析解析：考查非谓语动词词义辨析。根据情景可知：我忙着：考查非谓语动词词义辨析。根据情景可知：我忙着一些无意义的事，期盼着一些无意义的事，期盼着JoeJoe不久从孩子的卧室里过来。不久从孩子的卧室里过来。故选故选A A。DCA感悟中考感悟中考()8.A.again B.still C.then D.ever解析解析：考查副词词义辨析。从上文的：考查副词词义辨析。从上文的“.within a few“.within a few minutes”minutes”与此处的与此处的“A half hour went by”“A half hour went by”可知可知“他还他还未回来未回来”。故选。故选B B。()9.A.excuse B.fun C.trouble D.chance解析解析：考查固定搭配。由：考查固定搭配。由“have fun/trouble doing”“have fun/trouble doing”可可知此处可选知此处可选funfun或或troubletrouble；由下文；由下文“我悄悄地向婴儿房走我悄悄地向婴儿房走去去”可知可知“我担心他哄孩子入睡有困难我担心他哄孩子入睡有困难”。故选。故选C C。BC感悟中考感悟中考()10.A.moved B.talked C.turned D.looked解析解析：考查动词辨义。下文是：考查动词辨义。下文是“我我”看到的一幕。故选看到的一幕。故选D D。()11.A.colors B.tears C.joys D.fears解析解析：考查名词词义辨析。根据情景：考查名词词义辨析。根据情景“这是这是JoeJoe在家的最后在家的最后一晚一晚”可知可知“眼里含着泪花眼里含着泪花”。故选。故选B B。()12.A.even though B.as if C.so that D.now that解析解析：考查短语辨析。单从本句考虑可选：考查短语辨析。单从本句考虑可选even though(even though(尽尽管管)或或as if(as if(似乎似乎)。但由下文。但由下文“I just cant put him“I just cant put him down.”down.”可知可知JoeJoe一直抱着他的原因是他没办法把他放下。一直抱着他的原因是他没办法把他放下。故选故选B B。DBB感悟中考感悟中考()13.A.sure B.proud C.alone D.together解析解析：考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文：考查形容词词义辨析。根据上文“Joe“Joe要离开家要离开家”可知可知“我们我们”的话题是的话题是“不久后又在一起不久后又在一起”。故选。故选D D。()14.A.on B.for C.since D.through解析解析：考查时态与介词词义辨析。此句时态是现在完成时，：考查时态与介词词义辨析。此句时态是现在完成时，that nightthat night是个时间点，故选是个时间点，故选since(since(自从自从)。()15.A.visit B.sleep C.leave D.play解析解析：考查语境。纵览全文，全文的话题是：考查语境。纵览全文，全文的话题是“离开离开”。故。故选选C C。DCC解题策略解题策略 “完形填空完形填空”题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇题是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、和短文填空的优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。同学们只有具备了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能了扎实的语言基本功、较好的阅读能力及归纳判断能力，才能适应这一题型。力，才能适应这一题型。解题策略解题策略 (一一)“)“完形填空完形填空”题要求填入的词：题要求填入的词：1.1.语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词，连语法结构所要求的功能词。如：连接词，连接代词，连接副词，关系代词，关系副词等。接代词，连接副词，关系代词，关系副词等。2.2.具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、具有语法变化的普通词。如：动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。级等。3.3.固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。4.4.同义词、近义词等易混淆词。同义词、近义词等易混淆词。5.5.根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。解题策略解题策略 (二二)“)“完形填空完形填空”题解题策略：题解题策略：1.1.解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。解题前要通读全文，领悟大意。完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，要完形填空常以文章或段落的形式出现，因此，要通读全文，把握文章整体大意就尤为重要。很多同学通读全文，把握文章整体大意就尤为重要。很多同学为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章。不看上下文，不为了省时间，只看选项，不看文章。不看上下文，不寻找文章中句子与句子的关系，结果做出来的答案往寻找文章中句子与句子的关系，结果做出来的答案往往是错误的。往是错误的。解题策略解题策略 2.2.解题时要全面考虑定选项。解题时要全面考虑定选项。完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法完形填空有些答案的四个选项从词汇搭配、语法和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个和句子结构等角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，完整的统一体，词、句、段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的因此考生还要从上下文中寻找有关的信息，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺情节进行逻辑推理，抓住含有关键信息的词语，理顺句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：句子之间的关系，确定正确的答案。其具体做法有：解题策略解题策略 (1)(1)重视首句寻求信息重视首句寻求信息 完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮完形填空本是一篇残缺的文章，留下首句可以帮助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者助考生了解文章的主题，可以了解短文的概貌与作者的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题的意图。要充分利用首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。找到一个突破口，从而展开思维。解题策略解题策略【例【例1】Fred and Ted were not very smart.They were always getting things _.(2012湖州，湖州，15)A.right B.wrong C.well D.differently 解析解析：由首句：由首句“Fred and Ted“Fred and Ted不是很聪明不是很聪明”可知可知“他们他们 总是做错事总是做错事”。B即学即练即学即练 Fred and Ted were not very smart.Once they painted a floor and then walked on it while the paint was still _1 1_.(2012_.(2012湖州，湖州，29)29)()1.A.wet B.hot C.dry D.coldA解题策略解题策略 (2)(2)明辨褒贬语境判断是非明辨褒贬语境判断是非 几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒几乎每篇完形填空的语境都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，贬性反映了主人公的特定心理、情绪状态和作者写作意图，因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑因此利用好文章的语境褒贬性就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在吃透文章并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每判断，从而在吃透文章并准确传递文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或一空的准确信息，找出能反映语境褒贬性的标志性词语或句子，大胆预测下文。句子，大胆预测下文。解题策略解题策略【例【例2】One day their boss asked them to paint a flagpole(棋杆棋杆)outside the office building.Their boss told them where the paint and brushed were and then he went away.An hour later he came back,Fred and Ted were not painting the flagpole.They didnt even _ the paint and brushes.(2012(2012湖州，湖州，33)33)A.buy B.make C.have D.see 解析解析：由：由eveneven产生的语境可知情形比产生的语境可知情形比“Fred and Ted“Fred and Ted没没 在刷油漆在刷油漆”更糟，故更糟，故“他们没有油漆和刷子他们没有油漆和刷子”符合题意。符合题意。C即学即练即学即练 So Mr.Gaudi said we would have a competition and the top eight scorers would become the team and the backup.Everybody agreed that this was a _2 2_ way to decide.(2012(2012北京，北京，38)38)()2.A.special B.hard C.fair D.funnyC解题策略解题策略 (3)(3)巧用平行结构判断逻辑巧用平行结构判断逻辑 平等结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、平等结构指的是结构相同或相似、意思密切关联、语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结语气一致的句子或短语组成串排列的语言现象。平行结构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行构形式上整齐匀称，内容上联系紧密。命题者常从平行结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义的关联和结构的句式相同或相似这一角度，利用其意义的关联和对比这一特点来设空。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。对比这一特点来设空。了解这一点可大大提高解题效率。解题策略解题策略【例【例3】What we really need is the understanding of each other,whether between a husband and wife,a parent and _ or just between two friends.(2012(2012丽水，丽水，43)43)A.student B.brother C.sister D.child 解析解析：根据上文：根据上文“between a husband and wife”“between a husband and wife”和和 下文下文“between two friends”“between two friends”的平行结构，可知此的平行结构，可知此 空应与空应与parentparent相对应。相对应。D即学即练即学即练 He had just been dropped off by his mum,who left after telling him that he was going to spend the next twelve days there with no TV,no mobile phone andworst of allno _3 3_.(2012_.(2012嘉兴，嘉兴，27)27)()3.A.radio B.camera C.recorder D.computerD解题策略解题策略 (4)(4)结合常识明辨真伪结合常识明辨真伪 【例【例4】They dug holes in the wrong places,or painted things the wrong _._.(2012 (2012湖州，湖州，28)28)A.shape B.size C.color D.height 解析解析：与油漆相关的是颜色。：与油漆相关的是颜色。C即学即练即学即练 Fred was standing _4 4_ the flagpole and Ted was standing in his shoulder,trying to reach the top of it with a ruler.(2012(2012湖州，湖州，34)34)()4.A.in B.on C.through D.against D强化训练强化训练完形填空完形填空(一一)When I was small,my mum used to give the family something special for mealsshe would make breakfast food for dinner.I still remember one night my mum _1 1_ some bread in front of my dad,something very burnt.I waited to see if anybody noticed.To my surprise,my dad just took his _2 2_，smiled at my mum and then turned to ask me how my day at school had been.Ive _3 3_ what I told him that night._4 4_ I do remember watching him put some butter on that bread.He _5 5_ as usual,every single bit.强化训练强化训练 After dinner,my mum said _6 6_ to my dad for burning the bread.And Ill never forget what he said,“I _7 7_ burnt bread,dear.It doesnt matter at all.”_8 8_，I went to kiss Dad good night.I asked him if he really like his bread burnt.He held me in arms and _9 9_，“Your mum worked very hard all day.Shes really _1010_._.And you see,a bit of burnt food never hurt anyone！”Now I know life is not perfect._1111_ is perfect,either.As for me,I often forget birthdays or some special days.But Ive learned something _1212_ over these years.What we really 强化训练强化训练need is the understanding of each other,whether between a husband and wife,a parent and _1313_ or just between two friends.This is the key to a happy _1414_ So dont get angry if the bread gets burnt.Remember,_1515_ bread never hurt anyone.Be kind to those around you and a happier life will surely come closer to you.(2012(2012丽水丽水)强化训练强化训练()1.A.cooked B.put C.found D.bought()2.A.glass B.milk C.spoon D.bread()3.A.decided B.known C.forgotten D.imagined()4.A.But B.So C.Because D.And()5.A.threw it away B.ate it up C.put it away D.looked it upBDCAB强化训练强化训练()6.A.hello B.good bye C.no D.sorry()7.A.hate B.love C.make D.save()8.A.After school B.Before dinner C.Later that night D.The next morning()9.A.shouted B.said C.laughed D.continued()10.A.tired B.excited C.worried D.InterestedDBCBA强化训练强化训练()11.A.Everybody B.Anybody C.Nobody D.Somebody()12.A.important B.difficult C.funny D.easy()13.A.student B.brother C.sister D.child()14.A.class B.party C.life D.story()15.A.burnt B.cheap C.fresh D.coldCADCA强化训练强化训练 语篇解读语篇解读：从一个焦面包引出的话题。生活不是完美：从一个焦面包引出的话题。生活不是完美的，也没有人是完美的。我们要学会互相理解。理解是幸的，也没有人是完美的。我们要学会互相理解。理解是幸福生活的钥匙。福生活的钥匙。1.B。由语境可知。由语境可知“把面包放在爸爸前面把面包放在爸爸前面”。故。故“put放放”符合题意。符合题意。2.D。由上文。由上文“bread”可知此处应选可知此处应选D。3.C。由语境及下文。由语境及下文“remember记住记住”可知可知“我忘了当时我忘了当时我说了什么我说了什么”故故“forgotten忘了忘了”符合题意。符合题意。4.A。上文。上文“忘了说什么忘了说什么”与下文与下文“我记得我记得”是转折是转折关系。故选关系。故选A。5.B。由下文信息可知。由下文信息可知“爸爸像平常一样吃了焦面包爸爸像平常一样吃了焦面包”。故选故选B。强化训练强化训练 6.D。由上文。由上文“妈妈把面包烤焦了妈妈把面包烤焦了”可知可知“妈妈对爸爸说妈妈对爸爸说抱歉抱歉”。故。故“sorry”符合题意。符合题意。7.B。由下文。由下文“我根本不介意我根本不介意”可知可知“我喜欢焦面包我喜欢焦面包”。故。故选选B。8.C。由下文。由下文“跟爸爸说晚安跟爸爸说晚安”可知可知C项符合题意。项符合题意。9.B。下文是说的内容。故选。下文是说的内容。故选B。10.A。由上文。由上文“你妈妈努力工作一整天你妈妈努力工作一整天”可知可知“tired累累的的”符合题意。符合题意。11.C。由上文。由上文“life is not perfect”可知可知“nobody没人没人”符符合题意。合题意。12.A。由上文。由上文“忘记一些事忘记一些事”可知也会同时习得可知也会同时习得“一些一些重要的事重要的事”。故选。故选A。强化训练强化训练 13.D。由上文。由上文“a husband and wife”和下文和下文“between two friends”可知应选可知应选D。14.C。通读全文可知。通读全文可知“理解是幸福生活的钥匙理解是幸福生活的钥匙”。故选。故选C。15.A。本文是由。本文是由“一片焦面包一片焦面包”引出的。故选引出的。故选A。强化训练强化训练(二二)Several weeks ago,our headmaster,Mr.Gaudi,told us that our school had been chosen to compete on Smart Alecka game show which my best friend Carla and I both love.Carla has a good imagination,and I know a lot of history,so we thought wed be good _1 1_ for the team.A few days later,Mr.Gaudi held a meeting with everyone interested in the_2 2_._.He told us that Smart Aleck uses a five member team.He also said that three more people would be needed as backup(替补替补).).强化训练强化训练Unluckily four times that many students were at the meeting.So Mr.Gaudi said we would have a _3 3_ and the top eight scorers would become the team and the backup.Everybody agreed that this was a _4 4_ way to decide.Yesterday,all of the hopefuls went to the dining hall after school.We would have to decide the starting lineup(阵阵容容).).Mr.Gaudi acted as the host.After a couple of hours,all the _5 5_ on the team were set except one.Carla and I _6 6_ for that last position.We had to hold a oneonone competition between the two of us.The winner would be on the team and the loser would be the backup.强化训练强化训练 Midway through our twoperson competition，I was starting to pull ahead._._7 7_ I saw the look on Carlas face.I waited for a second and knew what I had to do.As much as I wanted to be on Smart Aleck，Carla wanted _8 8_ even more.So，starting with my next question,I held back and let Carla _9 9_，just by a little bit.Her expression as she _1010_ she would be on the show made up for my not being on the team.And since I will go as backup，Ill still have the fun of seeing the show up close.强化训练强化训练 Was I _1111_ by not trying as hard as I could？I dont think so.No one noticed，and Carla and I didnt _1212_ it.It wont hurt the team because Carla will be a very good competitor on the real show.I think that making my best friend happy was the right thing to do.(2012(2012北京北京)强化训练强化训练()1.A.choices B.pairs C.leaders D.fans()2.A.course B.work C.trip D.show()3.A.direction B.discussion C.competition D.conversation()4.A.special B.hard C.fair D.funny()5.A.places B.rules C.names D.orders()6.A.tied B.clapped C.cried D.returnedADCCAA强化训练强化训练()7.A.Still B.Never C.Then D.Again()8.A.us B.it C.me D.her()9.A.wait B.turn C.move D.win()10.A.accepted B.realized C.considered D.decided()11.A.coming B.refusing C.helping D.cheating()12.A.mean B.plan C.regret D.sayCBDBDB强化训练强化训练 语篇解读语篇解读：我和我的好朋友都希望被选入自己喜欢的：我和我的好朋友都希望被选入自己喜欢的节目。然而在最后选拔赛中，我为让我的好朋友能如愿参节目。然而在最后选拔赛中，我为让我的好朋友能如愿参加这个节目，故意输了。加这个节目，故意输了。1.A。由上文。由上文“这个游戏是我和我好朋友都喜欢的。这个游戏是我和我好朋友都喜欢的。Carl的想象力很丰富，我很了解历史。的想象力很丰富，我很了解历史。”这些理由说明了对这些理由说明了对于这个团队来说，我们是好的人选。于这个团队来说，我们是好的人选。2.D。由上文。由上文show可知此处应填可知此处应填show。3.C。由下文。由下文competitor 可知此处应填可知此处应填competition。4.C。由常识可知：通过考试选拔是公平的方式。故。由常识可知：通过考试选拔是公平的方式。故“fair公平的公平的”符合题意。符合题意。5.A。由上文。由上文“这是一个选拔赛这是一个选拔赛”可知可知“位置会被撤消，位置会被撤消，只剩下一个只剩下一个”。故选。故选A。强化训练强化训练 6.A。由下文。由下文“We had to hold a oneonone competition between the two of us.”可知可知“我们被绑成一对我们被绑成一对竞争者竞争者”。故选。故选A。7.C。“抬头抬头”与与“看到看到Carla脸上的表情脸上的表情”是两个顺接的是两个顺接的动作。故选动作。故选C。8.B。用。用it指代上文提到的指代上文提到的Smart Aleck。9.D。由下文。由下文“我认为让我的好朋友高兴是正确的我认为让我的好朋友高兴是正确的”可可知知“我让我让Carla赢赢”。10.B。句意：当她认识到她会出席节目的表情。句意：当她认识到她会出席节目的表情。故故“realized认识到认识到”符合题意。符合题意。强化训练强化训练 11.D。由上文。由上文“I held back and let Carla win,just by a little bit.”可知可知“cheating作弊作弊”符合题意。符合题意。12.B。由情境可知。由情境可知“Carla和我没有计划这件事和我没有计划这件事”，因此，因此说明这不是作弊。故说明这不是作弊。故“plan计划计划”符合题意。符合题意。完成考点跟踪训练 40n36、自己的鞋子，自己知道紧在哪里。西班牙n37、我们唯一不会改正的缺点是软弱。拉罗什福科n38、我这个人走得很慢，但是我从不后退。亚伯拉罕林肯n39、勿问成功的秘诀为何，且尽全力做你应该做的事吧。美华纳n40、学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。孔子xiexie!xiexie!谢谢！谢谢！