Cosmic-shear-and-intrinsic-alignments宇宙剪切与内在的路线课件

6、纪律是自由的第一条件。黑格尔7、纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。马卡连柯8、我们现在必须完全保持党的纪律，否则一切都会陷入污泥中。马克思9、学校没有纪律便如磨坊没有水。夸美纽斯10、一个人应该：活泼而守纪律，天真而不幼稚，勇敢而鲁莽，倔强而有原则，热情而不冲动，乐观而不盲目。马克思Cosmic shear and intrinsic alignments宇宙剪切与内在的路线XYiM82Blue:ChandraRed:SpitzerGreen&Orange:HubbleFace-oni=0Edge-oni=90Absorption-line probes of the prevalence and properties of outflows in the present-day star-forming galaxies?Chen,Y.-M.(UW-Madison/NJU),Tremonti,C.,Heckman,T.,Kauffmann,G.,Chen,Y.-M.(UW-Madison/NJU),Tremonti,C.,Heckman,T.,Kauffmann,G.,Weiner,B.,Brinchmann,J.,Wang,J.Weiner,B.,Brinchmann,J.,Wang,J.Outline Background Sample Data analysis ResultsOutflow velocity vs.SFROutflow velocity vs.SFRVoff SFR0.35Martin 2005Sample:SDSS DR7 star forming galaxies 0.05z0.18 r-band fracDeV0.8 D40001.5 Main steps of data analysisstellar Disk-like（v=0）ISM outflow Na D Absorption 1.stack spectra(i,Av,SFR,SSFR,M*.)2.subtract stellar contribution(CB08)3.fit ISM absorption with two components Stack spectrum and stellar continuumMg IHe INa ITwo-component fit of ISM Na D Line center shift:outflow velocity Voff Line strength (EW):covering factor Cf Line width b Line ratio 0Two-component fit of ISM Na D Line center shift:outflow velocity Voff Line strength (EW):covering factor Cf Line width b Line ratio 0Inclination effectface onedge onIsolate the main driver of the observedcorrelation:Disk-like componentsIsolate the main driver of the observedcorrelation:outflow componentsOutflow velocity vs.SFRVoff SFR0.3Summary outflow is perpendicular to the disk and has an opening angle of 60 degree disk component is highly dependent on the dust extinction,and secondarily on SFR surface density outflow component depends on SFR surface density strongly and secondarily on Av we do not find the correlation between outflow velocity and SFR from our sample,more observations on the low SFR end are neededThanks!From optical absorption lines(Rupke et al.2005a,b,c)dwarf galaxies from Schwartz&Martin 2004=Starbursts=Seyfert 2sBackgroundOutflow velocity vs.SFRBackgroundMartin et al.2009Spectra from LRIS on Keck IUsing multi-components to fit each absorption lineThrough the fitting in last slides,they find that components with different velocity have different covering factoroutflow is acceleratingFrom optical absorption linesNaD(5890,5896A)(Rupke et al.2005a,b,c)Larger sample New method for Fitting NaD-line shift Velocity-doublet ratio Optical depth-line strength covering factorCircular velocityStar formation rateOutflow velocityisothermal escape speedFrom optical absorption lines(Rupke et al.2005a,b,c)Murray et al.2004,Martin 2005Spectra from LRIS on Keck IUsing multi-components with different velocity to fit each absorption lineMartin et al.2009Outflows are ubiquitous in galaxies in which the global SFR per unit area exceeds roughly 0.1 solar mass per year per kpc2(Heckman et al.2002)Are there any outflows in local normal star forming galaxies?Two categories of the gas in a SF/SB galaxy wind Ambient interstellar medium Energetic fluid created by thermalization of the SBs stellar ejectThe hydrodynamical interaction between these two generates the multiphase starburst-driven galactic wind.Observations of multiphase wind (cold,warm,hot gas&dust)X-ray Morphology and kinematics of interstellar emission lines (e.g.Ha)Outflow kinematics in the interstellar absorption lines(e.g.MgII,NaD)From optical absorption lines-NaD(5890,5896A)Low-ionization potential 5.1eV(Martin et al.2005,2006)V=-96 km/sV=-435 km/sHe IDisk-like componentOutflow componentFrom X-ray:Hot Gas Escapes from Dwarf StarburstsMartin 1999,Heckman et al 2000,Martin 2004Rotation Speed Tremonti et al.2004Vc=130 km/s谢谢你的阅读v知识就是财富v丰富你的人生26、要使整个人生都过得舒适、愉快，这是不可能的，因为人类必须具备一种能应付逆境的态度。卢梭27、只有把抱怨环境的心情，化为上进的力量，才是成功的保证。罗曼罗兰28、知之者不如好之者，好之者不如乐之者。孔子29、勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上武器的精良。达芬奇30、意志是一个强壮的盲人，倚靠在明眼的跛子肩上。叔本华谢谢！谢谢！32