语法连词(专题)

语法连词语法连词(专题专题)连连 词词 (Conjunction)一、连词定义一、连词定义:用来用来连接连接词、短语或句子词、短语或句子的词。的词。e.g.I study English and Chinese.Does he work at school or in the hospital?I get up early,but my brother gets up late.二、二、连词分类：连词分类：并列连词并列连词从属连词从属连词连词：连词：and,but,or,so,(for)连词连词词组词组:eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,bothand,(as well as)that，whether,if,unless,while/when,until,because,so that,sothat,though/although,even if,asas 等等三、用法三、用法 1.1.并列连词并列连词 -连接具有并列关系的连接具有并列关系的词，词，短语或句子短语或句子。常见的有：常见的有：(1)表表并列并列关系的关系的and,bothand,not onlybut also,neithernor，as well as（也，和）（也，和）等。等。(2)表表选择选择关系的关系的or,eitheror等。等。(3)表表转折转折关系的关系的but,however等。等。(4)表表因果因果关系的关系的for,so等。等。考点一：考点一：1 1）判断改错：判断改错：They sat down and talk about something.They started to dance and sang.I saw two men sitting behind and ate there.FFFeatingsingtalkedand(“和，并且和，并且”)与与 or(“否则否则”)“and”连接连接平行平行结构。结构。（1）肯定句中用）肯定句中用“and”表表“和和”；（2）否定句中用）否定句中用“or”表表“和和”。2 2）翻译：翻译：我喜欢英语我喜欢英语和和数学。数学。我不喜欢英语我不喜欢英语和和数学。数学。I like English _ math.I dont like English _ math.and or=Study hard,_ your math will be worse.3 3）用）用“and”“and”或或“or”“or”填空：填空：Study hard（祈使句）（祈使句）,_ your math will be better.and or “and”意为意为“这样，那么这样，那么”；“or”意为意为“否则否则”。表表转折转折的连词的连词butbut 和和howeverhowever：e.g.(他努力工作，但以失败告终。他努力工作，但以失败告终。)He worked hard,_ he failed at last.He worked hard._,he failed at last.区别区别:but but 后后没有逗号，直接连接分句；没有逗号，直接连接分句；howeverhowever 后后有逗号相隔，可放有逗号相隔，可放句末。句末。butHowever考点二考点二：观察句子观察句子：（1）Although he is over sixty,but he works as hard as others.改为：改为：Although he is over sixty,he works as hard as others.或或 He is over sixty,but he works as hard as others.（2）“Because John was ill,so I took him to the doctor.”*although/though*although/though 和和butbut这两个关联词不能同时用。这两个关联词不能同时用。?同样，此句错误，同样，此句错误，because because 和和 so so 等关联词都不能同时使用。等关联词都不能同时使用。考点三考点三：either A or B “或者或者A或者或者B”neither A nor B “既不既不A也不也不B”not only A but also B “不仅不仅A而且而且B”-连词词组连词词组：Either you or I _ going to the party.(或者你或者我将去晚会。或者你或者我将去晚会。)Neither I nor he _ seen the movie.（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）Not only you but also he _ French.（不但你而且他也讲法语。）（不但你而且他也讲法语。）【连接主语【连接主语 时，谓语时，谓语“就近原则就近原则”】amhasspeaks考点四考点四 2.2.从属连词从属连词-用来用来引导从句引导从句。常见的。常见的从属连词从属连词有：有：(1)(1)引导引导时间时间状语从句的状语从句的after,before,when,while,after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since,as soon asas,until,till,since,as soon as等。等。(2)(2)引导引导条件条件状语从句的状语从句的if,unlessif,unless等。等。(3)(3)引导引导原因原因状语从句的状语从句的because,as,sincebecause,as,since等。等。(4)(4)引导引导目的目的状语从句的状语从句的so that,in order thatso that,in order that等。等。(5)(5)引导引导让步让步状语从句的状语从句的though,although,even ifthough,although,even if等。等。(6)(6)引导引导结果结果状语从句的状语从句的so that,sothat,suchthatso that,sothat,suchthat等。等。(7)(7)引导引导比较比较状语从句的状语从句的than,asasthan,asas等。等。(8)(8)引导引导宾语从句宾语从句的的that,if,whetherthat,if,whether等。等。Mr.White was taking a shower _ the UFO landed on the street.A.where B.while C.when D.whetherCWhile Mr.White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street.考点一考点一“when”和和“while”when引导的状语从句的动作引导的状语从句的动作多为多为终止性动词终止性动词，也为也为可持续动词可持续动词；但；但while只能只能是是可持续动词可持续动词。考点二考点二 我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。My father _ come back until we had supper.notuntil/till 直到直到才才till 直到直到为止为止翻译：翻译：他直到他直到3岁才会讲话。岁才会讲话。He _get up until his mother wakes him up.didnt 他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。He _ speak until he was 3.couldntdoesntuntil 可用于句首，而可用于句首，而till不可以不可以He took the MP3 player with him _ he could enjoy music during the trip.A.because B.so that C.whenB考点三考点三 他起早是他起早是为了为了赶上早班车。赶上早班车。(表目的表目的)He got up early so that he could catch the early bus.He got up early so that he caught the early bus.他起早，他起早，结果结果赶上了早班车。（表结果）赶上了早班车。（表结果）He got up so early that he caught the early bus.sothatso that：为了；为了；所以，结所以，结果果如此如此以致以致考点考点四四 because,as,since,now that,for 因因为为He is absent because he is ill.Why is he absent?Because he is ill.As you are the oldest,you should take care of the others.Now that everybody is here,lets begin our meeting.The day breaks,for the birds are singing.because 原因程度最强，回答原因程度最强，回答why的提问，不与的提问，不与so 连用连用as比比 becase 弱，显而易见的原因。从句常放在句首弱，显而易见的原因。从句常放在句首。now that 与与since相似，译为相似，译为“既然既然”，从句常放在句首，从句常放在句首,强调人们已知的事实。强调人们已知的事实。for 前常有逗号，不能放在句首。对前边的句子的进一步前常有逗号，不能放在句首。对前边的句子的进一步说明，是间接推测的原因。说明，是间接推测的原因。考点考点五五 whether,if 是否是否If it is fine,the sports meeting will continue.(条件状语从句中只能用条件状语从句中只能用if，不能用，不能用whether）You have to pay for it whether you like it or not.It depends on whether you like it.Whether he will come is still a question.The question is whether he will be allowed to go.只能用只能用whether的情况：的情况：Funny Husband(H)&WifeHusband(H)&Wife(W)(W)about Shopping情境对话情境对话：H：“What are we going to do,my dear？”W:“Go shopping.”H：“We can do nothing _shopping.”W：“In fact,_ you _ I like shopping.”H:“Why must you do the things _ you dont like?”W:“_ my skirts are out of style,_ I want to buy a new one.”W:（In the clothing shop.）I dont know_ they fit(适合适合)me.”H:“I dont know _ you really like.Just go inside and try them on.”H：（对（对seller笑笑）笑笑）“Can you talk to me for a few minutes？”S：Why?H：Because _ my wife sees(that)I am talking to other ladies,she will be angry at once and leave.S：“Then why do you let her go?”H：“I want to leave _ I wont pay for them.”(Hahao)根据对话内容，根据对话内容，填入适当连词。填入适当连词。except/butneither northatBecause或或 soifwhat/whichif/when/as soon asand/so thatHomework：1.Go over the usage of 2.conjunctions.3.2.Finish the related exercises.