新视野大学英语第三版第二册第八单元sectionB课件ppt

新视野大学英语第三版第新视野大学英语第三版第二册第八单元二册第八单元sectionBsectionB课课件件pptpptWarming-upReadingskillsTextstudyComparativestudyContentsUnitprojectThe right to live-A dogs accountSection B 8UNITWarming-upLead-inLead-inBackground informationBackground information1.Canyoudescribewhathappenedinthevideoclip?2.Whatdoesyoulearnfromthedog?Watch a video clip and answer the following questions:TipsTipsTipsTips1.Canyoudescribewhathappenedinthevideoclip?Adog named Hachiwanted toaccompany Parker,his master,to go to work but was refused.AfterParkerwentaway,hedugaholewithhispawsandcame out from beneath the fence.When Hachiappearedatthestationandtriedtofindwherehismasterwas,it surprisedParkergreatly.Hepersuaded Hachi to go home but in vain.FinallyParkerhadtowalkHachihome.ThisvideoclipistakenfromHachi,atouchingmovieadaptedfromatruestory.Fromit,wecanlearnthefollowingqualities:1.Faithfulness.Beloyalandfaithfultoourfriends.2.Companionship.Be a close companion of ourfamilymembers.3.Love.Cherishloveandlearntoloveback.2.Whatdoyoulearnfromthedog?TipsTipsTipsTipsWhatisanimalshelter?Ananimalshelterisaplacethathouseshomeless,lost,orabandonedanimals;primarilyalargevarietyofdogsandcats.Thegoaloftheanimalshelteristoprovideasafeandcaringenvironmentuntiltheanimaliseitherreclaimedbyitsowner,placedinanewhome,orplacedwithanotherorganizationforadoption.TipsTipsTipsTipsWhatisanimalshelter?Background InformationBackground Information ReadingskillsPresentation of the skillPresentation of the skillReading skill practiceReading skill practiceThe right to live A dogs accountSection B EveryEveryauthorauthorhashasaapurposepurposeforforwriting.writing.ReadingReadingeffectivelyeffectively requiresrequires recognizingrecognizing thethe authorsauthorspurpose,purpose,whichwhichmaymaynotnotalwaysalwaysbebeasaseasyeasyasasititsounds.sounds.UsuallyUsuallytheretherearearethreethreecommoncommonpurposesofwriting:purposesofwriting:ToToinforminformtotoprovideprovidereadersreaderswithwithinformationinformationaboutatopic;aboutatopic;ToTopersuadepersuadetotoconvinceconvincereadersreaderstotobelievebelieveaacertainviewpointoracertaincourseofaction;certainviewpointoracertaincourseofaction;Toentertaintoamusereadersinsomeway.Toentertaintoamusereadersinsomeway.Identifying the writers purposeThereThere areare somesome cluesclues thatthat effectiveeffective readersreaderscancan getget toto helphelp themthem identifyidentify whatwhat kindkind ofofwritingtheyredealingwith:writingtheyredealingwith:1.1.InformativeInformative writingwriting featuresfeatures factsfacts andandevidence,evidence,notnotopinionsopinionsororvaluevaluejudgments.judgments.ItItoftenoften containscontains dates,dates,statisticsstatistics oror otherotherfigures,figures,ororquotesquotesfromfromexpertsexpertsororwitnesses.witnesses.DependingDependingononthethesubject,subject,thethelanguagelanguagemaymayincludeinclude technicaltechnical terms,terms,butbut thethe vocabularyvocabularyandand sentencesentence structuresstructures areare oftenoften quitequitesimple.simple.Identifying the writers purpose2.2.PersuasivePersuasivewritingwritingfeaturesfeaturesemotionalemotionalappeals:appeals:opinionsopinions andand argumentsarguments(may(may bebepresentedpresentedasasififtheytheywerewerefacts,facts,sosobebecareful);careful);rhetoricalrhetorical questionsquestions(a(a questionquestion withoutwithout thetheexpectationexpectation ofof aa reply);reply);evaluatingevaluating languagelanguage(good(good/bad,bad,rightright/wrong,/wrong,horrifyinghorrifying/wonderful,etc.).wonderful,etc.).3.3.TextsTexts writtenwritten mainlymainly toto entertainentertain can,can,ofofcourse,course,bebevaried,varied,butbuttheytheyoftenoftenuseuseinformalinformallanguage,language,simplesimple sentencesentence structure,structure,dialog,dialog,orfigurativespeech.orfigurativespeech.Identifying the writers purposeScanScanTextTextBBforforcluescluesthatthathelphelpyouyouidentifyidentifythetheauthorsauthorsaim.aim.UseUsethethequestionsquestionsbelowbelowtotoguideguideyouryourscanning,scanning,andandthenthendecidedecideififthethetexttextisisinformative,informative,persuasive,persuasive,entertaining,entertaining,ororififthetheauthorauthorhashasmoremorethanthanoneaim.oneaim.Identifying the writers purposeWhatdoesthetitletellyouaboutthecontentofthetext?Arethereanydialogsorfigurativespeechesinthetext?Whatquotesdoyoureadinthetext?Aretheyfromexperts,witnesses,orsomeoneelse?Howwouldyoudescribethelanguageofthisarticle?Isitformalorinformal?Evaluating?Judgmentaloremotional?QuestionsIdentifying the writers purposeIsthisarticleinformative,persuasiveorentertaining?Explain.TextstudyText comprehensionText comprehensionLanguage focusLanguage focusCritical thinkingCritical thinking1.Whatdoesthetitletellyouaboutthecontentofthetext?2.Accordingtothedog,whydidtherhythmoflifechange?(Para.3)3.Asthechildrengrew,whendidtheyliketodo?(Para.5)4.Whatisthe“rightdecision”madeforthedogafterthemasterhadanewcareeropportunity?(Paras.7-8)5.Attheanimalshelter,howdidthetwoladiestreatthedog?Howdidthedogfeel?(Para.10)6.Attheendoftheday,whatdidthedogdo?Howdoyouunderstand“attheendoftheday”?(Para.11)7.Canyouidentifytheauthorsmajorpurposeofwritingafterscanningthetext?Howtoachievehispurpose?Fromthetitleofthereading,wecanseethatthis article is about a dogs typical lifeexperience.We can guess further that adogs perspective is personified,whichmeansthedogwilltellitsownstory.1.Whatdoesthetitletellyouaboutthecontentofthetext?TipsTipsTipsTips2.According to the dog,why did the rhythm of lifechange?(Para.3)TipsTipsTipsTipsHismastergraduallylagged behind,spendingmore time at work andsearching for a humanmate.原句：原句：I waited patiently,comforted you through heartbreaks and disappointments,never scolded your bad decisions,and leaped happily when you came home or fell in love.（Para.3,L2）解释解释:Iwaitedwithpatience,andcomfortedyouwhenyouwereheart-brokenanddisappointed.Inevercriticized your bad decisions,and only jumpedhappilywhenyouwenthomeorfellinlove.译文：译文：我耐心地等待着，在你伤心和失望时给予安慰，我从 来不指责你做出的糟糕决定；当你回家或恋爱时，我为你欢呼雀跃。3.Asthechildrengrew,whendidtheyliketodo?(Para.5)TipsTipsTipsTipsTheyburiedtheirhandsuptotheirwristsinthe dogs fur and pulled themselves up onunsteady legs,investigating her ears andsqueezinghermuscles.Thefamilywouldmovetoanothercityandliveinanapartmentthatdidntallowpets,sothedogwassenttotheanimalshelter.4.Whatisthe“rightdecision”madeforthedogafterthemasterhadanewcareeropportunity?(Paras.7-8)TipsTipsTipsTips原句原句：On the eve of your departure,there was no internal debatethe jury had already decided.(Para.7,L3)解释解释:Onthedaybeforeyourdeparture,therewasno disagreement over how to handle me,because a hasty decision was made butexcluding my opinion from decision-makingprocess.译文：译文：你们离开的前一天，家里没有内部的辩论陪审团已经做出决定。5.Attheanimalshelter,howdidthetwoladiestreatthedog?Howdidthedogfeel?(Para.10)TipsTipsTipsTipsThetwoladieswereasattentive as they wereexpected.But the doghad lost her appetiteandwasexperiencingafamineofhope.原句原句：They fed us,but I had lost my appetite and was experiencing a famine of hope.(Para.10,L2)解释解释:Theygaveusfoodtoeat,butIlostmyappetitea few days ago and dont feel like eatinganythingbecauseIamhopelesslydepressed.译文：译文：她们给我们喂吃的，但我几天前就失去了胃口，现正经历着希望的饥荒。Thedogheardastaffsfootstepsattheendoftheday,andshefollowedherquietlyalongthecorridortoaseparateroom.Here“theendoftheday”mightbeinterpretedaseithertheendofaregulardayortheendofthedogslife.6.Attheendoftheday,whatdidthedogdo?Howdoyouunderstand“attheendoftheday”?(Para.11)TipsTipsTipsTips原句原句：As I felt the cool injection coursing through my body,I lay down sleepily,looked into her kind eyes and emitted a low cry,“How could you?”(Para.11,L5)解释解释:WhenIfeltthecoolinjectionrunningthroughmybody,Ilaydownsleepily,staredatherkindeyesandwhispered,“Howcouldyoudothattome?”译文：译文：当我觉得冰凉的注射剂在体内流动，我昏昏沉沉地躺了下来，看着她那双善良的眼睛，喃喃自语：“你怎么能这样？”7.Canyouidentifytheauthorsmajorpurposeofwritingafterscanningthetext?Howtoachievehispurpose?TipsTipsTipsTipsThemajorpurposeofthetextistopersuade.Itsmainpurposeistoconvincepeopletotreatanimalskindly.However,itdoesntdirectlysaythat;instead,ittriestoachieveitsmainpurposethroughfirstamusingreaders(Paras.1-6)and then by shocking them emotionally(Paras.11-12).Toaccomplishthis,itcontainsinformallanguage,simple sentence structure,conversationalstyle,andfigurativespeech.The right to livea dogs accountSince I was a puppy,I believed Id been_aroyallife.Butthe_ changed as my master fell inlove.I always _ happily and comfortedhim through heartbreaks and disappointments.Whenhegotmarriedandhisbabies_,I loved the touch of their clumsyhandsandwould_them_myverylife.However,mymasterhadacareeropportunity and plan to move to another city._departure,thefamilydecidedtosendmetotheanimalprovided withrhythm of lifeleapedcame alongdefendwithOn the eve ofshelter which _ hell.There,Iexperienced_becauseitwasdifficultto_anolddog.EventuallyI_ a corner and waited for mydestiny.Whenoneladyfromtheanimalshelter_theneedle_myvein,Ifeltthecoolinjection_mybody.Perhapsshe_mysadeyes,becauseshepromisedIwould_inabetterplacewithloveandlight.smelled of retreated todischargea famine of hopecoursing throughslidintotook the cue fromwakenPracticalPhrasesPracticalPhrasesSpecificSpecificMeaningsMeanings1.rollsb/sth.over(使)翻身2.providesb.withsth.提供供应；供给3.lagbehind落后4.deductsth.fromsth.从扣除5.ontheeveof在前日；在前夕6.smellof有气味；发出气味7.coursethrough(液体等)奔流，迅速流动(使使)翻身翻身(rollover/paton/runthrough)Irolledthepuppyover,pattinghimonthebellyandrunningmyfingersthroughhishair.roll sb./sth.over短语逆译短语应用我给小狗翻了个身，拍拍它的肚子,并用手指梳理它身上的毛。意群提示提供供应；供给提供供应；供给provide sb.with sth.短语逆译(providesb.with/skillandknowledge)Atcollege,teacherswillprovidestudentswiththeskillsandknowledgenecessarytobesuccessful.短语应用大学里，教师为学生提供成功所必需的技能和知识。意群提示落后落后(conceit/lag behind/modesty/make progress)Asconceitmakesonelag behind,somodestyhelpsonemakeprogress.lag behind短语逆译短语应用骄傲使人落后，谦虚使人进步。意群提示从从扣除扣除(income tax/be deducted from)Nowadaysincometaxisnormallydeducted from apersonswagebeforehereceivesit.deduct sth.from sth.短语逆译短语应用如今,个人工资所得税通常在收到工资之前就被扣除了。意群提示在在前日；前日；在在前夕前夕(stay up late/on the eve of)Hestayeduplateandstudiedon the eve of thefinalexam.on the eve of短语逆译短语应用他在期末考试的前一晚熬夜学习。意群提示有有气味；气味；发出发出气味气味(hot afternoon sun/smell of)Inthehotafternoonsun,theairsmelled of sweat.smell of短语逆译短语应用在炎热的午后阳光里，空气中闻得到汗水的气味。意群提示(液体等液体等)奔流，奔流，迅速流动迅速流动(course through/vessel)AsIbecomemoreandmoreexcited,Ifeelmybloodcoursing through myvessel.course through短语逆译短语应用随着心情越来越激动，我感到热血在血管中奔流。意群提示FunctionalFunctionalPatternsPatternsFunctions&UsagesFunctions&Usages1.Therehasbeenatime/Irememberatimewhensb.orsth.didsth.用于“叙述过去发生的事情”。2.Sb.orsth.beas+形容词短语+as意为“像/如同一样”，用于说明两者的相似性。3.Withoneslastfractionofenergy,sb.orsth.dosth.用于表达“某人耗尽全力做某事”。句型提句型提炼你为你的“家庭”作出了正确的决定，然而，我还记得曾几何时，我还是你家庭的一员。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Youd made the right decision for your“family”,butI remember a time whenIwaspartofyourfamily.（Para.7,L4）There has been a time/I remember a time whensb.orsth.didsth.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于“叙述过去发生的事情”。句型句型应用用(suffer/physically and mentally)I remember a time when hesufferedalotbothphysicallyandmentally.典型例句我还记得，他曾一度遭受身心双重打击。意群提示那两位好心的女士，如同人们期望的一样，在收容所里细心地照顾着我们。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习Thetwoniceladieswereasattentivetousintheshelterastheywereexpected.(para.10,L1)句型提句型提炼sb.orsth.beas+形容词短语+as句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用意为“像/如同一样”,用于说明两者的相似性。句型句型应用用(be curious about/be excited)Thesehugeanimalswereas curiousaboutusaswereexcitedtoseethem.典型例句这些巨大的动物对我们很好奇，就像我们看见它们时很激动一样。意群提示我用尽全身最后一丝力气，向她快速地摇了摇尾巴，想让她知道我的这句“你怎么能这样呢？”并不是对她说的。原句译文原句译文逆译练习逆译练习With my last fraction of energy,Itriedtoconveytoherwithaquickmoveofmytailthatmy“Howcouldyou?”wasnotmeantforher.(Para.12,L3)句型提句型提炼Withoneslastfractionofenergy,sb.orsth.dosth.句型提炼句型提炼应用提示应用提示用于表达“用于表达“某人耗尽全力做某事”。句型句型应用用(with ones last fraction of energy/struggle out of/the collapsed building)With his last fraction of energy,he tried tostruggleoutofthecollapsedbuilding.典型例句他用尽全身最后一丝力气，想从倒塌的建筑物中爬出来。意群提示 1.对某人摇摇手指toshakeonesfingeratsb.2.重复轮换着做某事torotatebetweensth.andsth.3.生活节奏therhythmoflife 4.用生命捍卫todefend.withonesverylife 5.偷偷溜进tosneakinto 6.内部争辩internaldebate 7.缺乏希望afamineofhope 8.退缩到toretreatto 9.从中得到暗示totakethecuefrom10.最后一丝力气oneslastfractionofenergy11.针对某人tobemeantforsb.a.Iwaitedpatiently,comforteda.Iwaitedpatiently,comfortedyouthroughheartbreaksandyouthroughheartbreaksanddisappointments,disappointments,neverscoldedneverscoldedyourbaddecisions,andleapedyourbaddecisions,andleapedhappilywhenyoucamehomehappilywhenyoucamehomeorfellinlove.orfellinlove.我耐心地等待着，在你伤心和失望时给予安慰，我从来不指责你做出的糟糕决定；当你回家或恋爱时，我为你欢呼雀跃。b.b.TheyThey buriedburied theirtheir handshandsupup toto theirtheir wristswrists inin mymy furfurandandpulledpulledthemselvesthemselvesupupononunsteadyunsteady legs,legs,investigatinginvestigatingmymy earsears andand squeezingsqueezing mymymuscles.muscles.他们喜欢把整个手都埋在我的毛下，并摇摇晃晃地站立起来，检查我的耳朵，挤压我的肌肉。c.c.SheShe pattedpatted mymy headhead andandexplainedexplained thatthat I I wouldwould wakenwaken ininaa betterbetter placeplace wherewhere I I wouldntwouldntbebeignored,ignored,abusedabusedororabandonedaabandonedaplaceplaceofofloveloveandandlight.light.她拍了拍我的头，并解释说，我醒来时会在一个更好的地方，一个我不会再受忽略、遭虐待或被遗弃一个有关爱和光明的地方。我用尽全身最后一丝力气，向她快速地摇了摇尾巴，想让她知道我的这句“你怎么能这样呢？”并不是对她说的。d.d.WithWith mymy lastlast fractionfraction ofofenergy,energy,I I triedtried toto conveyconvey totoherherwithwithaaquickquickmovemoveofofmymytailtail thatthat mymy“How“How couldcouldyou?”wasnotmeantforher.you?”wasnotmeantforher.1.Whydosomanypeopleraisedogsathomenowadays?2.Whyaredogsconsideredthemostintelligentanimalamongallthepetspeopleraise?3.Isitrighttodischarge orkillanolddog?Whyorwhynot?TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTips1.Whydosomanypeopleraisedogsathomenowadays?TipsTipsTipsTipsDogshavecute appearance,whichisbothlikedbytheyoungandold;Dogshavea sense of loyalty and friendliness,whichprovidespeoplewithsecurity;Dogs can be life companions of human being,especiallyoftheelderly;Dogscanbeintelligent enough tobecomegreathelpersoftheblindandotherhandicappedpeople;Dogs can share joys or sorrows with theirmasters.2.Whyaredogsconsideredthemostintelligentanimalamongallthepetspeopleraise?TipsTipsTipsTipsVeryalertandknowwhentheyareneeded;Seem to understand their masters mood,feelingsandneeds;Know how to share joys or sorrows with theirmasters;Abletobetrainedtofollow instruction;Have high level of loyalty&willingness tosacrificetheirownlivestosaveours.TipsTipsTipsTips3 Isitrighttodischargeorkillanolddog?Whyorwhynot?Yes,because an old dog is too weak to beadopted or taken care of by people.Its usuallyveryexpensivetoattendanolddog.Ontheotherhand,livingwithoutqualityistorturetothedogaswell.No,because an old dog did much to help itshumanmasterwhenitwasyoung,soitneedstogetattentivecare.Itsnotrighttoabandonorkillanolddog.Talk about how dog is treated in western and Chinese cultures.In western countries,dogs are considered aspeoplesbestandfaithfulfriends.Theyarekeptaspets or companions.Therefore,people usuallyattach positive meaning to dogs.For example,inEnglish many“dog”phrases and idioms withapprovingmeaningcanbeobserved.“Aluckydog”,“Love me,love my dog”,“Every dog has his day”andsoonmirrorswesternersattitudetowardsdogs.TipsTipsTipsTipsHowisdogtreatedinwesternandChinesecultures?TipsTipsTipsTipsHowisdogtreatedinforeignandChinesecultures?In Chinese culture,dogs are perceived ashumble with little importance.And people havedeep-rooted prejudice against them.Therefore,inChinesedogsareendowedwithnegativemeaningsand they are used to metaphorically describe thebad guys.Whats more,different from westernerswhomakelawstoprotectdogsfrombeinghurtbymen,Chinese has a culture of eating dogs,butnowadaysithasarousedcontroversy.Thematic studyComparativestudyThematic studyThematic studyLanguage features analysisLanguage features analysisThe right to live-A dogs accountSection B MakecomparisonbetweendifferentthemesinTextAandTextB.TipsTipsTipsTipsInTextA,theauthor,aphysicianengagedindoinganimal research,expresses his growing frustrationwiththeanimal-rightsmovementandjustifiesanimalresearch with many reasons including how medicaladvancesbenefitedfromtheexperimentsonanimals.TextBisatouchingstorythatdescribesthepainfulexperience and feelings from the perspective of adog.Throughthisstory,theauthoristryingtoremindpeoplethatanimalsdeservetherighttobewellcaredforandtreated.BasedBased onon youryour studystudy ofofthethe twotwo texts,texts,comparecomparethethe writingwriting stylesstyles ofof thethetwotwotextstextsinintermstermsofoftheirtheirtypicallanguagefeatures.typicallanguagefeatures.1.What are the typical language features of the twotexts?2.Listmoreexamplesfromthetexttosupportyourideas.TipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsTipsText B uses the method of personification,narratingthedogsunfairtreatmentbyhermaster.1.Whatarethetypicallanguagefeaturesofthetwotexts?TipsTipsTipsTipsText A is an argumentation that provides manyconvincingexamplesandevidencetodefendtheauthorsrightfulnessindoinganimalresearch.Itusesparallelismtolayemphasis.2.Listmoreexamplesfromthetexttosupportyourideas.TipsTipsTipsTipsText A parallelism:Drugstocureinfectionwillremainundiscovered,surgical and diagnostic techniques will remainundeveloped,andfundamentalbiologicalprocessesthatmighthavebeenunderstoodwillremainmysteries.UnitprojectThe right to live-A dogs accountLetter writingLetter writingPoem appreciationPoem appreciationSection B Writing a letter to human beings Writing a letter to human beings Pleaseworkwithyourgroupmemberstowritea letter to human beings as if you were ananimalsuchasacatoradog.Intheletter,youmay argue for or against what humans havebeen doing wrong to animals,using yourobservation,evidence,andexamples.Letter writingLetter writingYou may use the following You may use the following expressions in your writing.expressions in your writing.Therehasbeenatimewhen;Withoneslastfractionofenergy;Todefendsb./sth.withonesverylife;Totakethecuefrom;Tobemeantforsb.;Toprovidesb.withsth.Letter writingLetter writingRead the following poem and answer Read the following poem and answer the following questions.the following questions.1.Whatdoesthepoetdescribeinthepoem?(Open)2.Howdoesthedogfeeltowardshismaster?(Open)Questions:Poem appreciationPoem appreciationA Dog on his Masterby Billy CollinsAsyoungasIlook,Iamgrowingolderfasterthanhe.Seventooneistheratio(比例),Theytendtosay.Whateverthenumber,Iwillpasshimonedayandtakethelead,ThewayIdoonourwalksinthewoods.Andifthisevermanagestocrosshismind,itwouldbethesweetestshadowIhaveevercastonsnoworgrass.Poem AppreciationPoem Appreciation8UNITThe endThe right to live-a dogs account