CultureShock跨文化交际

Culture-ShockCulture-Shock跨文化交跨文化交际际People use that term whenever they tell a story about problems Chinese meet when they go abroad or when they want to describe problems foreigners have when they come to China.e.g.-a story told by Li MingOnce I was in America for an international conference.During my staying there,I usually took buses to visit some museums and shopping-malls.There were not many people taking buses,and each could have a seat most of the time.One day when our bus stopped at one bus-stop,an old lady got on.Noticing there was no vacant seat on the bus,I decided to offer my seat.I stood up,and said with a smile:Old lady,please sit down.Out of my expectation,the old lady refused to take the seat,and responded:Im not old!There was also an unpleasant look on her face.I was rather confused and embarrassed at that moment,and didnt know what to do.Culture ShockTroublesome feelings such as depression,loneliness,confusion,inadequacy,hostility,frustration,and tension,caused by the loss of familiar cues from the home culture.RisksLoss of self-confidenceJob lossRetreat into home cultureMore rigid personality .OpportunitiesNew job opportunitiesMore confidence More flexible personalityAbility to function in more than one culture .When put into any significantly new and challenging situations，the person faces risks and has opportunitiesThe importance of the adaptation.Adaptation is a process with identifiable stages.Learning the process will not prevent culture shock,but it will help you to understand what is happening to you.Theadapatationprocess1.Excitement2.confusion3.frustration4.Effectiveness5.Appreciation6.Increasedability Before:anticipate the experience with a great deal of excitementAfter:the excitement continues through the early periodExample:collegestudents;newforeignteachers;theexpatriatemanager（外籍经理）（外籍经理）Inallthesecasesthenewcomerisusingstandardsfromhishomeculturetoevaluatethesituationinthenewculture.College students:high expectation of colorful life in college(before);delight in the flexible time schedule(after)Expatriate managers:surprise in his better-than-expected housing and the professional attitude of the local stuff(after)New foreign teachers:satisfaction in students particular charming and cooperative（这里应该加上一个名词？）(after)DifferencesSeemexoticandentertainingEasyenoughtodealwithTend to respond with behaviors that works at home:a)Bepolitetopeoplearound;b)Showrespect;c)Bepatient;d)Work（or）studyhard;e)Askquestions;f)KeepasenseofhumorWillfailtoproducethedesiredresultssoonerorlaterAt the beginning of the confusion stage,the person in an unfamiliar culture often experiences a sudden decline in mood or spirit.(Case1:Wu Lian,an English major studying in the US)Living in an enclave eases the difficulties of the early stages of adaptationAdvantages:a)speaking ones native language;b)eating and living in a way similar to home;c)having many associates who have more experience with the host cultureDisadvantagesCase1 DoubtsDoubtsWu Lian,an English major studying at a university in the US,starts out confidently.She knows that her language skills are better than those of most Chinese studying abroad.At first everything is fine,but gradually she discovers that professors do not always present materials in an organized way nor do they always speak clearly.They talk either too fast or with a foreign accent so that she cannot keep up.Wu Lian also finds she cannot understand the group conversations of her native speaking classmates.They use a lot of slang,make jokes she does not understand,and convey much of their meaning with subtle gestures she cannot decode.She feels heself like an incapable child.What more,fresh fruits and vegetables are so expensive there,and the food in the dinning hall is so unappetizing.“Why dont they have street sellers here?”She(is)often confused.How(What)can Wu Lian do to ease these difficuties?Strategies for coping with adaptation stress（分析最好能联系前面（分析最好能联系前面的例子讲，不然太抽象）的例子讲，不然太抽象）Bealertforsignsofadaptationstress Health problemsLoss of self-confidenceLoneliness,sense of loss,severe homesicknessNegative feelingsUseyour“retreats”fromthenewcultureconstructivelyLook for people from your home country with positive attitudes PayattentiontodifferenceswithinthenewcultureandavoidmakinggeneralizationsinthehostcultureSeekoutpositiveexperienceswithinthenewcultureBetolerantofyourselfandothers Stage 3 Frustration Stage 3 FrustrationMorenegativeattitudesThe newcomer starts to putblamefor his difficulties on the new culture and its people;Inaway,thisisachangeforthebetter:a)Pay more attention to what people around him are doingb)Has already had experiences with people who behaved badly (Example:a westerner cheated by a vendor in China)WhatwillaWesternerinChinawhosuspectsheisbeingcheatedbyavendordo?There are two possibilities:1)may simply toss his bag of fruit back and walk away;2)may start yelling and accusing in whatever language he is able to manageWhen we come up with problems in the new culture,we should not allow this new situation to defeat us.We should react actively and try to cope with the difficulties.This is the first step in learning something new.This is the first step in learning something new.In this stage,the newcomer is no longer feeling bad.The efforts they made at the third stage pay off and the person becomes more effective.transformA newcomer a sensitive observer of life in the new culture By this time the person is able to accept both the similarities and the differences between his home culture and the new culture.Life is definitely becoming more comfortable.In this stage,the person moves beyond effectiveness and is developing a more personal understanding of new culture and values it.idealize their home while away;prefer new culture and reject come？culture (case2)new culturehome cultureVSPleasantenvironmentAndfreshair;Advancedfacilities;SimpleinterpersonalrelationshipDirtystreetsandair;Backwardlivingstandardsandequipment;Hypocriticalandface-savingcase2 The Homecoming（case 最好都读一下）Lan,who has been studying and working in the US for six years,is planning to go back home for two weeks.The whole family are looking forward to this reunion.However,everyone was not as happy as they had expected.Lan wasimpatient when her relatives came to visit her one after another.She also complainaboutlifeinChina,findingfaultwith streets,department stores and television programs.Once while cooking with her mother,she became annoyedwiththeunbearably-coldwater,thinking of that in every American home,you can make the tap water any temperature you want.Lans parents insisted that Lan buy some small gifts for her old friends,however,Lan objected and said that thats her money and in America nooneisforcedtospendtheirmoneytosavefaceforthefamily.Hong,her sister,could hardly believe that she was the same person who had been so kind and considerate years before.She didnt know what had become wrong with her dear sister.More challenging cross-cultural More challenging cross-cultural experiencesexperiencesThe person will rapeat The person will rapeat adaptation process as he moves adaptation process as he moves deeper and deeper into new deeper and deeper into new culture,however,he now culture,however,he now accepts the ups and downs of accepts the ups and downs of adaptation as part of life.He adaptation as part of life.He is better able to cope with it.is better able to cope with it.结束语结束语谢谢大家聆听！谢谢大家聆听！21