同位语从句童爱平

同位语从句同位语从句 定义定义:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。的具体内容。Appositive Clause1(1)We all know the truth that the earth goes round the sun.(2)They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.(3)I have no idea where he lives.观察观察2（5）Beijing，the capital of China，is the economic and political center in China.3Appositive Clause：同位语question,problem,no ideawhy,how,where,what,whethersuggestion/proposal/demand/request/order+that+sb(should)doForm:n.+clause/n，Meaning:表明抽象名词的内容表明抽象名词的内容Noun:idea,fact,view,opinion,reason,连词连词:that语序语序:陈述语序陈述语序探究4一、同位语从句在句中位置 1.一般情况下同位语从句一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如跟在某些名词（如52.有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从分隔式同位语从句句。例如：。例如：The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again.6二、同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带，并且往往带有限定词有限定词（wordword除外除外）加以修饰。例如：）加以修饰。例如：1.Where did you get the idea that I could not come？2.Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening3.Word came that China launched its first manned spaceship on Oct 15，2003.74.The thought that they would cross the whole continent was exciting.5.Some people have the idea that you can cross Canada in less than five days.6.They forget the fact that Canada is 5.500 kilometres from coast to coast.7.The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.8三、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（thatthat，whowho，whetherwhether），连接副词（），连接副词（howhow，whenwhen，wherewhere）等。例如：等。例如：They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.The question who should do the work requires consideration.We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.9 We have some doubt whether they can complete the task on time.There is no doubt that Zhang Wei will keep his promise.在名词在名词doubt“doubt“怀疑怀疑”后的同位语从句用后的同位语从句用whetherwhether连接；在连接；在no doubt“no doubt“不怀疑不怀疑”之后之后的同位语从句用的同位语从句用thatthat连接。例如：连接。例如：10 有些名词的后面可以接that引导的同位语从句，：We came to the decision that we must act at once.He made a proposal that the meeting be postpone.There was little hope that he would survive.同位语从句：thatthat不可省略111.He put forward the suggestion that the second question should be discussed first.2.The suggestion that he had put forward was turn down.（同位（同位语从句）从句）（定（定语从句）从句）探究：Tell the difference12 3.he suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.（同位（同位语从句）从句）（定（定语从句）从句）13 5.He made a promise that he wouldnt be able to keep.6.He made a promise that he would spend more time with his son.（同位（同位语从句）从句）（定（定语从句）从句）147.Have you heard the news that our team won the game?8.Have you heard the news that was reported from the front?（定（定语从句）从句）（同位（同位语从句）从句）15 同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别:(1)定定语语从从句句中中的的that既既代代替替先先行行词词，同同时时以以在在从从句句中中作作某某个个成成分分（主主语语或或宾宾语语），而而同同位位语语从从句句中中的的that是是连连词词，只只起起连连接接主主句句与与从从句句的的作作用用，不充当句中任何成分。不充当句中任何成分。(2)定定语语从从句句是是形形容容词词性性的的，其其功功能能是是修修饰饰先先行行词词，对对先先行行词词加加以以限限定定，描描述述它它的的性性质质或或特特征征；同同位位语语从从句句是是名名词词性性的的，其其功功能能是是对对名名词词进进行行具具体内容的补充说明体内容的补充说明。16同位语从句（同位语从句（Appositive Clause）:that只起到连接作用不充当任何成分。从句是完整的从句是完整的。定语从句（定语从句（Relative Clause）：）：that不仅起到连接作用，还代替先行词在从句中充当成分。从句是不完整的。从句是不完整的。Can that be omitted?17 whetherwhether可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用whetherwhether作为引导词。作为引导词。He hasnt made the decision whether he will go there.他还没有做出决定是否去那里。I have small doubt whether he is suitable for the job.他是否适合这件工作我有点怀疑。同位语从句：whether18 what可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用what作为引导词 I have no idea what he is doing now.how可以引导同位语从句，而定语从句不能用how作为引导词 Its a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。同位语从句：what同位语从句：how19 who，whom，which，when，where，why用来引导同位语从句 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。She raised the question where we could get the fund.她提出这个问题：我们到哪儿去搞这笔资金。同位语从句：who等20Correct the sentences where necessary 1.We must face the fact that we have spent all our money.2.Word came where our team had won the game.3.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.4.The problem that it is right or wrong has not been yet decided.5.I have no idea what he said.thatwhether (R)(W)(R)(W)(R)21名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦名词性从句试题集锦1.I ask her _ come with me.A.if she will B.if will she C.whether will she D.will she 2._ he said is true.A.What B.That C.Which D.Whether 3.Can you tell me _?A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is that gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 5.To get the job started,_ I need is some money.A.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that 227.Can you tell me _ the railway station?A.how I can get to B.what can I get to C.where I can got to D.where can I get to 8.Do you know _?A.what is his name B.how is his name C.what his name is D.how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people.A.That B.What C.Which D.This 10.They have no idea at all _.A.where he has gone B.where did he go C.which place has he gone D.where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us.A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they 12.These photographs will show you _.A.what our village looks like B.what does our village look like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 2313.Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like D.what look man like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 16.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.for 18._ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 2419.Do you remember _ he came?Yes,I do.He came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 23.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _ I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 2525._ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where 28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.A.Its the reason B.Thats why C.Theres why D.Its how 26