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中国汽车技术研究中心胡 毅2005年12月15日 一、背景 Background二、柴油车排气后处理系统介绍 Diesel Aftertreatment System Introduction三、法规要求 Regulation Requirements四、技术方法 Technical Approach五、总结 Summary 1. 中国将于2007年1月1日执行满足欧III排放的重型柴油机标准，2010年1月1日将执行满足欧IV排放的重型柴油机标准（GB 17691-2005)。 China will require HD to meet Euro III emissions standards in 1/1/2007. Euro IV is planed for 1/1/2010 (GB 17691-2005)2. 基于现在的柴油机和柴油车技术，为满足欧III和更严格的排放法规，加装后处理系统是必需的。 Based on the current diesel engine and vehicle technologies, aftertreatment systems may be required in order to meet Euro III and above regulation requirements.3. 所有的后处理系统在装车前，将进行测试和认证。 All aftertreatment systems will need to be tested and validated before they are equipped to the vehicles. l General test procedures will be required to test the candidate aftertreatment systems in order to meet the needs from all the engine and vehicle manufacturers.l Diesel aftertreatment technologies and evaluation procedures exist in the leading markets in the US, Europe and Japan.l The draft procedures are being developed based on the existing procedures. 4. 必须制定切实可行的测试规程，来满足所有发动机和车辆制造商的要求。 General test procedures will be required to test the candidate aftertreatment systems in order to meet the needs from all the engine and vehicle manufacturers.5. 在美国、欧洲和日本主要市场都有柴油车后处理技术和评价方法。 Diesel aftertreatment technologies and evaluation procedures exist in the leading markets in the US, Europe and Japan.6. 草案方法是在国际现有的测试规程上建立起来的。 The draft procedures are being developed based on the existing procedures. 主要的柴油机排放物PM、NOxMajor Diesel EmissionsPM and NOx控制PM的后处理系统Aftertreatment Systems To Control PM控制NOx的后处理系统Aftertreatment Systems To Control NOx 燃油催化剂 Fuel Borne Catalyst (FBC)可以和DPF结合在一起 May use together with DPF柴油氧化型催化剂（DOC） 只控制PM中的SOF排放 可以与DPF结合在一起Diesel Oxidation Catalyst (DOC) Only control SOF in PMMay use together with DPF柴油颗粒过滤器（DPF）Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF)流通式Flow-through DPF, 25%部分流式Partial-flow DPF, 85%稀燃NOx 催化剂 Lean NOx Catalyst (LNC)大量降低燃油经济性Greatly reduce fuel economy低的NOx转化效率Low NOx efficiency (90%Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)Needs ureaHigh NOx efficiency, 90%稀燃NOx捕集器或NOx吸收装置（LNT）Lean NOx Trap (LNT) or NOx Absorber降低燃油经济性；Reduce fuel economy高的NOx转化效率；High NOx efficiency, 90%需要低硫柴油 Requires low sulfur diesel, 50ppm DOCHC, COSOF, O2(NO) H2O, CO2(NO2)LNTNOxHC N2H2O, CO2 SCRNOxNH3 N2DPFPM, O2(NO2) H2O, CO2(NO)Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel is RequiredAdditional HC is required Urea System is Required 1. 柴油车后处理系统的性能是在发动机台架上完成的。后处理系统包括DOC、DPF、SCR和LNT。 Performance of the diesel aftertreatment systems will be tested on engine dynomometer benches. The aftertreatment systems may include DOC, DPF, SCR, and LNT. 2. 后处理系统的性能评价将测试新鲜、预处理和老化后的转化效率。 Performance evaluation will test the aftertreatment system efficiencies at fresh, degreened, and aged aftertreatment systems.3. 热机械耐久性能评价将测试热振动，来模拟后处理系统在实车上的振动工况。 Thermal and mechanical durability evaluation will be performed on a hot-vibration table to simulate real-world vibration performance of the aftertreatments.评价后处理系统的多种测试方法Several tests will be required to evaluate aftertreatment systems 4. 水急冷测试将评价整个后处理系统在极端工况下的封装情况。 Water quench test will be performed to evaluate the whole aftertreatment system package under extreme operating conditions.5. 轴向推力测试将评价封装性能。 Axial pressure test will be performed to evaluate the canning process.6. 密封性测试将评价整个后处理系统的封装情况。 Leak check will be performed to evaluate the whole aftertreatment system package. 1. 所有的测试将在发动机台架上进行。 All tests will be performed on engine bench2. 法规的主要焦点是放在柴油车排气后处理系统的性能测试上。 所有的其他测试项目，包括水急冷、热振动、轴向推力和密封性测试会与现有的汽油机TWC评价相类似。 The major focus of the regulation is diesel aftertreatment system performance test. All other tests, including water quench, vibration, axial pressure and leak check tests, will be similar to the approaches used for gasoline TWC evaluation. 3. 对于柴油车排气后处理系统，预处理将在发动机台架上进行，相当于实车6000公里，目的是使后处理催化剂达到稳定状态。在发动机台架上测试时，推荐采用25小时的预处理时间。 For diesel aftertreatment systems, degreening will be performed on an engine bench to reflect real-world 6000km mileage in order for the aftertreatment catalyst to be stabilized. On engine bench test, 25-hour continuous operation is recommended for degreening.4. 轻型和重型柴油机/车辆的耐久性要求是不同的，详细的规程见GB 18352.3-2005 (轻型), and GB *-* (重型，标准在制定中)。 The durability requirements for light-duty and heavy-duty diesel engines/vehicles will be different, and the specific requirements are presented at GB 18352.3-2005 (for light-duty), and GB *-* (for heavy-duty，regulation is in developing). 5. 详细的方法见标准草案。 The detailed procedures are presented in the draft regulation.6. 以下是柴油车后处理系统性能测试的简单介绍，包括： As a snapshot, the performance test of the diesel aftertreatment system will include: DOC:测试不同发动机工况下的HC、CO和PM（SOF）转化效率。 DOC: to test conversion efficiency of HC, CO and PM (SOF) under different engine operating conditions. DPF:测试不同发动机工况下PM转化效率（过滤效率和再生效率），包括DPF 加载和再生工况。 DPF: to test conversion efficiency (filtration and regeneration efficiencies) of PM under different engine operating conditions. This will include DPF PM loading and regeneration operations. LNT:测试不同发动机工况下NOx的转化效率。包括NOx吸收（在稀燃工况）和还原（在贫氧工况）。 LNT: to test conversion efficiency of NOx under different engine operating conditions. This will include NOx absorption (under lean conditions) and reduction (under rich conditions) operations. SCR:测试不同发动机工况下NOx的转化效率。包括在需要工况下（稳态或循环工况）NH3或尿素的喷射。 SCR: to test conversion efficiency of NOx under different engine operating conditions. This will include NH 3 or urea injection in a desired mode (steady-state or cyclic modes). 1. 草案包括了DOC、DPF、LNT 和 SCR 的评价方法，以满足将来柴油车的排放法规。 DOC, DPF, LNT and SCR are included in this proposed regulation in order to meet the future diesel emissions regulations.2. 柴油机台架将用来评价柴油车排气后处理系统 的性能。 Engine bench tests will be performed to evaluate diesel aftertreatment system performance.3. 后处理系统的预处理和老化方法是建议的草案，标准还包括了系统的耐久性和整个后处理系统的测试。 Aftertreatment system degreening and aging procedures are proposed, and system durability and integrity are included in this regulation. 谢 谢！Thanks!
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