专四词汇与语法汇总

英语专四语法与词汇练习题31.Its not fair that you come home after a bad day at work and_ your wife and children.A.take it out on B.take out it on C.take out on D.take on it with2.She put an extra blanket over the baby for fear t h a t.A.he catches cold B.he should catch cold C.he caught cold D.he be catching cold3.Our teacher recommended that we as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.A.are B.shall be C.be D.were4.You business interfering with my affairs.A.have none B.have no C.have none of the D.have nothing like5.The new cut in interest rate promote domestic investment.A.means to B.directs toward C.is meant to D.leads to6.Advertising media like direct mail,radio,television and newspapers to increase thesales of industrial productsA.have been used B.will be used C.is being used D.has been used7.While being questioned on the court,the man denied the old ladys necklaceA.having taken B.taking C.to have taken D.to take8.Dr.Park was accused_the patient with overdose of sleeping pills so that the patientslife was terminated before the expected time.A.of providing B.with providing C.to have provided D.to provide9.By the end of next month we this assignment.A.will finish B.will be finishing C.will have finished D.have finished10.We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours_ miracle.A.is working B.works C.will be working D.worked11.It was dark in the cave so she a match.A.struck B.hit C.fired D.burned12.Mary will not be able to come to the birthday party as she is with a cold.A.laid out B.laid up C.laid by D.laid down13.She often says her greatest happiness serving the handicapped children.A.relies on B.consists in C.composes of D.comprises in14.To make this clear we shall have to look closely into biologys long history.A.distinction B.indication C.recognition D.constitution15.Most importantly,such an experience helps a heightened sensitivity to othercultures and will bring about a greater appreciation of ones own culture as well.A.coach B.forsake C.foster D.censor16.When Ann broke the dish she tried to put the back together.A.fragments B.pieces C.bits D.slices17.Jane tried to_ the doorman with money,but she failed.A.bribe B.corrupt C.award D.endow18.Classification is a useful to the organization of knowledge in any field.A.means B.approach C.mode D.manner19.The human race has already paid a heavy price for its slow _to environmentalthreats.A.response B.responsibility C.resolution D.resistance20.We have a high regard for Prof.Joseph because he always his principles.A.lives on B.lives up to C.lives through D.lives with21.My grandfather accidentally fire to the house.A.put B.took C.set D.got22.We enjoyed the holiday the expense.A.except B.besides C.in addition to D.except for23.If you want children to work hard you must their interests instead of their sense ofduty.A.appeal to B.look into C.give rise to D.go in for24.Basically a robot is a machine which moves,manipulates,joins or processes in thesame way as human hand or arm.A.characters B.components C.catalogues D.collections25.Of course,talking about something which affects them personally is motivating forstudents.A.chiefly B.correctly C.currently D.eminently英语专四语法与词汇练习题41.Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free,owing to its always with other elements,most commonly with oxygen.A.being combined B.having combined C.to combine D.combined2.Physics is the present day equivalent of used to be called natural philosophy,frommost of present day science arose.A.which,what B.that,which C.what,which D.what,that3.On no account ever leave the baby at home alone.A.should you B.you should C.shall you D.you shall4._the center of our planetary system was considered as heresy by the church in theMiddle Ages.A.It is the sun and not the earth B.That the sun and not the earthC.Being the sun and not the earth D.The sun and not the earth5.The reason that his property was confiscated by the country,it,was that he wasinvolved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.A.was turned out B.was being turned out C.being turned out D.turned out6.Id rather you by train because the weather forecast said there would be heavy snowtomorrow.A.went B.should go C.will go D.go7.Einstein won the Nobel Prize in 1921 and enjoyed great fame in Germany until the rise ofNazism he was expelled from Germany because he was a Jew.A.when B.who C.then D.which8.Nowhere but in the remotest region of the country find a place to settle down.A.can he B.he can C.he D.for him to9.With one leg broken in that car accident,he cannot even w a lk,ru n.A.let alone B.thats to say C.not to speak D.not to mention10.,she led a life of complete seclusion.A.Being disgraced B.Disgraced C.Disgracing D.She was disgraced11.Sometimes a bus gets on the bus to check the tickets.A.agent B.officer C.conductor D.inspector12.He made a quick from his illness.A.relief B.recovery C.survival D.relaxation13.the stress of examinations are over,we can all relax.A.While B.Even though C.Now that D.For14.My cousin Nancy is often in a poisonous mood;I suppose its because she is child.A.one B.a lone C.a single D.an only15.the factors already referred to,people sometimes feel insecure because their motivesare misunderstood by others.A.But for B.Except for C.Apart from D.Except that16.If the scheme is carried out without waste of time or energy I shall be completelysatisfied.A.relatively B.noticeably C.appropriately D.efficiently17.One day we all may find it useful to have a(n)f o r sending documents,writing anypictures across the telephone lines.A.receiver B.echo C.extension D.facility18.To their credit the Department of Energy these ideas and funded a detailed study.A.took over B.took on C.took up D.took to19.Feeling that she was in the right,she took at the dirty remark.A.protection B.offense C.defense D.guard20.They agreed to share in common any of funds after all expenses were paid in full.A.sufficiency B.surpass C.excess D.surplus21.He was_ her in intelligence.A.below B.under C.beneath D.down22.It took a lot of imagination to come up with such an plan.A.bright B.clever C.brilliant D.ingenious23.In the refining process,rice and flour lose much of t h e i r.A.acid B.alcohol C.vitamin D.sulphur24.Individual lines of the poem were very beautiful,but I didnt see how the lines fittogether.To me,the poem w a s n t.A.inherent B.coherent C.logical D.corporate25.To an especially sensitive child,a simple scolding can be a experience.A.hysterical B.grievous C.gracious D.sensible答案及详解l.A）【句意】由于铝总是和其它元素结合在一起，最常见的是和氧气在-起，所以自然界中哪里也不会找到单独的铝元素。【难点】owing t o 是介词，后应接名词或动名词，根据题意，应接被动语态形式。2.C）【句意】当今的物理就是以前被称之为自然哲学的等同物，大多数现代科学都产生于自然哲学。【难点】what used to be called 作定语，修饰 natural philosophy,from which 弓卜导一个非限制性定语从句。3.A）【句意】你决不应该把小孩一个人放在家里。【难点】on no account意为“决不”属否定意义的词，引导倒装句，所以只有A）项正确。4.B）【句意】太阳系的中心是太阳而不是地球这一事实被中世纪的教会认为是异端邪说。【难点】That引导主语从句，全句的谓语是was considered.5.D）【句意】后来证明他的财产被国家没收的原因是，战争期间他参与了诈骗活动。【难点】it turned out（to be）这里作插入语，意为 证明 是”。6.A）【句意】我宁愿你乘火车去，因为天气预报说明天将有大雪。【难点】would rather后接虚拟语气的从句，用一般过去时。7.A）【句意】爱因斯坦于1921年获诺贝尔奖金，在德国享有盛誉。后来随着纳粹主义的兴起，他被逐出德国，因为他是个犹太人。【难点】关系副词when引导的定语从句修饰名词词组the rise of Nazism。8.A）【句意】他只能在最遥远的地方找个安身之处。【难点】Nowhere是否定副词，位于句首引导倒装句。9.A）【句意】在车祸中，他的条腿骨折，他连走路都不行，更不用说跑了。【难点】let alone意为“更不必说”;not to mention意为“再加上”;that is to say意为“也就是说”。10.B）【句意】失宠后，她过着完全隐居的生活。【难点】disgraced在这里是过去分词作状语，表示伴随状态。11.C）【句意】有时，公共汽车检票员上车查票。【难点】bus conductor意为“公共汽车售票员”;agent意为“代理人，中介人”;officer意为“军官，官员”;inspector意为“检查员，视察员”。12.B）【句意】他很快恢复了健康。【难点】recovery意为“恢复，复苏“，后接介词from;relief意为“宽慰，安心”;relaxation意为“放松”;survival意为“生存”。13.C）【句意】既然考试的紧张已经过去，我们现在可以放松了。【难点】now that意为“既然;由于“，用于新的事情的发生，接一般现在时的句子。while意为“虽然“；even though意为“即使，for意为“因为”，不能用于句首。14.D）【句意】我表妹南希的情绪经常很糟，我想这是因为她是独生子的缘故。【难点】表示“独生子 的时候，只能说an only child。15.C）【句意】除了已经提及的因素外，有时人们感到不安全是因为他们的动机被他人误解。【难点】apart from 是包含在内的“除了;excepr fo r和 except that是不包含在内的除了;but for意为“要不是16.D）【句意】如果计划能在不浪费时间和精力的情况下得到有效实施，我将十分满意。【难点】efficiently意为“有效地”;relatively意为“相对地”;noticeably意为“显而易见地appropriately意为“恰当地17.D）【句意】有朝一日我们会发现，拥有个能通过电话线发送信息、绘制图片的设备是非常有用的。【难点】facility意为“设备”;receiver意为“电话听筒”;echo意为“回声;回音”;extension意为“分机”。18.C）【句意】令他们感到光荣的是，能源部采纳了这些想法并为一个详细的研究报告作了资助。【难点】take up意为“采纳（观点广;take over意为“接收，接管，占据”;take o n 意为“承担”;take to 意为“喜欢上”。19.B）【句意】她觉得自己有理，因此，她对这样肮脏的话语十分恼怒。【难点】take offence意为“对.生气“protection意为 保护 defense意为“防卫;guard意为“看守;警戒”。20.D）【句意】他们同意在全部费用支出后共享剩余的资金。【难点】surplus意为“乘馀，剩余额”;sufficiency意为“足量，充足”;surpass是动词，不适合本句;excess意为“超过。21.A）【句意】他的智力不如她。【难点】below意为（智力、地位、军阶等）低于”;under意为“（尺寸、价值、数量、程度、标准等）少于，低于”;beneath意为“在下方;（地位，级别等）低于，次于”;down意为“往下端”。22.D）【句意】想出这样一个天才的计划需要丰富的想象力。【难点】ingenious意为“（方法等）巧妙的;制作精巧的;bright意为“聪明的,机灵的”;clever意为“头脑机敏的，伶俐的”;brilliant意为“才华横溢的，有才能的”。23.C）【句意】在加工过程中，大米和血粉失去大量维生素。【难点】vitamin是“维生素”，其它词义不符本题。acid是“酸”;alcohol是“酒精”;sulphur是“硫”。24.B）【句意】这首诗的每个单行写得很美，但我不明白各行是如何联系在一起的。依我看，这首诗不连贯。【难点】coherent意为“连贯的，紧凑的:inherent意为“内在的，固有的”;k）gical意为“逻辑的corporate意为“社团的，法人的25.B）【句意】对十分敏感的儿童来说，一次简单的呵斥可能会成为极其痛苦的经历。【难点】grievous意为“极痛苦的”;hysterical意为“情绪暴躁不能控制的”;gracious意为“亲切的，有礼的:sensible意为“明白事理的;合情理的英语专四语法与词汇练习题51.All of the plants now farmed on a large scale were developed from plants wild.A.that once grow B.once they grow C.they once grew D.once grew2.By the time you graduate,we in Australia for one year.A.will be staying B.will have stayed C.would have stayed D.have stayed3.He appreciated the chance to deliver his thesis in the annual symposium onComparative Literature.A.having given B.to have been given C.to have given D.having been given4.The government official can hardly find sufficient grounds_ his arguments in favor ofthe revision of the tax law.A.on which to base B.which to be based on C.to base on which D.on which to be based5.Living in the desert involves a lot of problems,_ water shortage is the worst.A.not to mention B.of which C.let alone D.for what6.Hydrogen is one of the most important element in the universe it provides thebuilding blocks from which the other elements are produced.A.so that B.but that C.provided that D.in that7.Just as relaxation is an important part of our liv e s,stre ss.A.so is B.as it is C.and so is D.the same is8.Victor took a bus and headed for h o m e,i f his wife would have him back.A.not to know B.not known C.not knowing D.not having known9.We can make an e x c e p tio n.A.in any case of John B.in case of John C.in case of Johns D.in the case of John10.When the Cultural Revolution was launched in China,his father_ college.A.attended B.had been attending C.was attending D.has been attending11.My cat is a fussy eater,but my dog is so that shell swallow down anything that isput in front of her.A.indiscriminate B.choosy C.indefinite D.picky12.“This house is more_than the federal government!,?Mac complained to his parents.“You have rules for everything.A.systematic B.democratic C.bureaucratic D.public13.The American peoples of being polite is different from that held here in China.A.mind B.concept C.consideration D.thought14.Well,that is probably all I can say about sports.Next time Fil take up the topic of someother activities.A.refreshment B.entertainment C.pleasure D.leisure15.Where there is an earthquake,energy is in one area along a crack in the earth crust.A.repelled B.released C.run D.rushed16.The old gardener used to keep all his tools and do it yourself equipment in a in thegarden.A.barn B.room C.hut D.shed17.Fve got a big coffee on the front of my dress.A.pore B.patch C.stain D.grease18.She broke her leg,but the healed quickly.A.fracture B.injury C.skeleton D.cavity19.Youd better add them up.Tm not good at.A.figures B.characters C.summaries D.counters20.The girl chose some very pretty paper for the present.A.covering B.wrapping C.packing D.collecting21.The two scholars worked at the task of writing a preface to the new dictionary for threehours last night.A.at length B.in full C.on end D.in time22.I cant read the marks and notes Jim made in the margin.They are t oo.A.faint B.foggy C.transparent D.misty23.A highly organized system of irrigation is Chinese agriculture.A.typical of B.consistent with C.famous for D.subject to24.Jack is very about wines.A.aware B.knowledgeable C.leamed D.informed25.As for Ann,I am not sure about her in Italian.A.fluency B.clarity C.coherence D.excellency答案及详解1.A）【句意】大规模种植的农作物都繁衍于野生植物。【难点】that引导限制性定语从句,修饰plants.2.B）【句意】到你毕业的时候，我们在澳洲居住就会有年了。难点将来完成时常和by the time+句子的结构连用。3.D）【句意】他得到一个在比较文学年度讨论会上宣读论文的机会，他对此表示感激。【难点】appreciate后面必须接名词或动名词，本句题意要求使用被动语态，故选D）。4.A）【句意】那位政府官员找不到足够的证据去说明他为什么赞成修改税法。【难点】to base sth on sth 意为“把.建立在.的 基 础 上 which指代grounds.5.B）【句意】居住在沙漠里牵涉很多问题，其中缺水是最严重的问题。【难点】of w hich引导非限制性定语从句，which指代problems。6.D）【句意】氢是宇宙中最重要的元素之一，因为它提供了其它元素赖以产生的建构框架。【难点】in that相当于because,引导原因状语从句。7.A）【句意】正象休闲样，紧张也是我们生活中的个重要部分。【难点】justas.,so.意为“如同，也是8.C）【句意】维格坐公共汽车回家去了，不知道他的妻子对他的归来能否接受。【难点】not knowing为现在分词短语，作伴随状语。9.D）【句意】我们可以把约翰的事作为例外。【难点】in the case of.意为“在的情况下”;in case o f 意为“以防，万一”10.C）【句意】文化大革命在中国开始的时候，他父亲在上大学。【难点】这是一个简单的过去进行时的练习。H.A）【句意】我的猫很挑食，可我的狗一点也不挑，你给她什么她就吃什么。【难点】indiscriminate意为 不加区别的;一视同仁的”;choosy意为 爱挑剔的，过于讲究的”;indefinite意为“不确定的”;picky意 为“吹毛求疵的;爱挑剔的”。12.C）【句意】“这个家比联邦政府还官僚”，麦克跟父母抱怨道，“你们什么事都有条条框框”。【难点】bureaucratic意为“官僚主义的”;systematic意为“系统的”;democratic意为“民主的”;public意为“公共的”。13.B）【句意】美国人的礼貌观念和中国人的不同。【难点】concept意为”概念;观念”:mind意为”想法;见解;主意”;consideration意为“考虑，思考”;thought意为“想法;意见，见解”。14.D）【句意】好，有关体育运动我就说这么多。下次我要选一个关于其它休闲活动的话题来谈。【难点】leisure意为“休闲”;refreshment意为“活力恢复;爽快”;entertainment意为“娱乐;文艺”;pleasure意为 娱乐消遣”。15.B）【句意】在发生地震的地方，能量会沿着地壳的一条缝隙在一个地区释放出来。【难点】release意为“释放;排放”;repel意为“击退”;run意为“（水）流动”;rush意为“冲过,冲越”。16.D）【句意】那位老园丁以前总是把他所有的工具和可组装的设备放在花园的棚子里。【难点】shed意为“车棚，工棚”;barn意为“谷仓，粮仓”;room意为“房间”;hut意为“（简陋的）小屋”。17.C）【句意】我连衣裙的前部有一个很大的咖啡污渍。【难点】stain意为“污点，污迹”;pore意为“毛孔，气孔”;patch意为“斑，与周围不同的部分”;grease意为“油脂;润滑脂”。18.A）【句意】她的腿摔断了，可是骨折处很快就痊愈了。【难点】fracture意为“骨折”，injury意为“伤害;受伤处”;skeleton意为“骸骨”;cavity意为“腔”。19.A）【句意】你最好把它们加起来。我不擅长算数。【难点】figure意为“数字”;character意为“文字”;summary意为“摘要，梗概”;counter为“计数器”。20.B）【句意】女孩选了一些非常漂亮的包装纸包礼物。难点】这四个选项中只有wrapping paper有“包装纸”的意思，符合题意。21.C）【句意】那两位学者昨天晚上花了三个小时为新字典写序。【难点】on end意为“连续不断地”，和表示时间的词连用。at length意为“最后，终于”;infull意为“全部地”;in time意为“及时，不迟”。22.A）【句意】我读不懂吉姆在空白处做的记号和注解，它们太模糊了。【难点】faint意为“不清楚的，模糊的”;foggy意为“含糊的;朦胧的”;transparent意为“易懂的;结构清楚的”;misty意为“朦胧不清的”。这四个词中，只有faint可以修饰字迹。23.A）【句意】灌溉系统组织严密是中国农业的典型特点。【难点】typical o f 意为“特有的,典型的”;consistent w ith意为“与一致;与相符合”;famous for意为”以.著名”;subject to 意为 由.决定的;取决于.的”。24.B）【句意】杰克对酒很在行。【难点】knowledgeable意为“知识渊博的;有见识的”;aware意为“意识到的，知道的”,与 o f搭配;learned意为“有学问的，博学的“，作定语或后接介词in;informed意为“见闻广的;了解情况的“，作定语。25.A）【句意】至于安，我不知道她的意大利语是否流利。【难点】fluency意为“流利，流畅”;clarity意为“清晰，明晰”;coherence意为“连贯性，紧凑”;excellency意为“优点，优秀”。英语专四语法与词汇练习题641.The reporters exposed the corruption of several senior officers in the government;consequently,these officers to resign from office.A.have asked B.were askedC.had asked D.had been asked42.The train_ at the present speed until it reaches the nextcity at about seven oclock this evening.A.will be going B.went C.would go D.went43.Such_ the case,there are no grounds to justify your complaints.A.was B.is C.is being D.being44.1 beg your nephews wedding.A.to be excused B.to be excused fromC.to excuse from D.to be excused to45.The only candidate can hope to defeat him is quit now.A.who B.which C.that D.when46.Humble it may be,theres no place like h o m e,h emay go.A.like,when B.as,wherever C.although,where D.which,wherever47.He ought to attend the m e e tin g,?A.should he B.ought he C.shouldnt he D.oughtnt he48.Mary is 18 years old this year;she 19 next year.A.will be B.is to be C.is going to be D.should be49.Though it was late in the night,_he continued to work vigorously.A.but B.yet C.and D.that50.The doctor advised him to stay in bed,saying he was m u c h.A.ill enough B.too ill C.so ill D.very ill51.1 was study French yesterday,but I changed my mind.A.to be starting B.to startC.to have started D.to have been starting52.Youd rather go to theater with him this e v e n i n g,A.are you B.hadnt you C.isnt it D.wouldnt you53._ that the formation of the sun,the planets,and other stars began with thecondensation of an interstellar gas cloud.A.It is believed B.Believing C.Being believedD.To believe54.One of the most spectacular qualities of man is notably histo any kind of natural environment.A.tendency B.adoptability C.adaptabilityD.availability55.Im in no_ now to go to concert with you.A.mood B.intention C.emotion D.sense56.The judger doesnt know whether the witness is telling the truth,buthe will it.A.identify B.enforce C.distinguish D.verify57.Before the plane_,the pilot bailed out.A.clashed B.crashed C.smashed D.struck58.Doctors often make higher_for their works than they should.A.charges B.bills C.costs D.payments59.Most of the earliest into America came from Europe.A.migrants B.emigrants C.immigrants D.inhabitants60.His name was on the of my tongue,but I just couldnt remember.A.edge B.rim C.border D.tip61.1 caught a_of the name of the book before she put it into thedrawer.A.glimpse B.glance C.sight D.stare62.Once you become a soldier,you will be given a monthly by thearmy.A.income B.allowance C.wageD.salary63.1 called at his house but was r e f u s e d.A.admission B.access C.reception D.admittance64.All too_it was time to go back to school after the Spring Festival.A.quick B.soon C.fast D.speedy65.He handled the company in with his brother.A.combination B.mixture C.collaboration D.association答案与解析41.答 案 B【参考译文】记者们曝光了几名政府高官的腐败情况，随之，这几名官员被迫辞职。【试题分析】此题为时态及语态题。【详细解答】使用主动语态的选项应先排除，使用过去完成时态则将时间先后顺序颠倒了，故只有B 项与句中的时态、语态相符。42.答 案 A【参考译文】在今晚7 点抵达下一城市前，火车将按现速行驶。【试题分析】此题为时态结构题。【详细解答】将来进行时常表示预计即将发生或势必要发生的动作，即“已经安排好了”之意，结构为win+be+现在分词。43.答 案 D【参考译文】如果是这样，你的抱怨没有根据来证实。【试题分析】本题是结构题。【详细解答】such being the case在句中作状语，是分词独立结构，其中such在此作代词，常用结构。no grounds to 意为“没有根据，理由，原因等”。44.答 案 B 参考译文 我请求不去参加你侄子的婚礼。【试题分析】本题是搭配题。【详细解答】excuse sb.from sth.(doing sth.)意为允许不(参加)某活动，常用词组。注意要使用被动语态。4 5.答 案 C【参考译文】唯一有希望击败他的候选人现在退出了。【试题分析】本题考查先行词的用法。【详细解答】在下列两种情况下只能用that引导定语从句，且作宾语时经常省略。1）先行词由形容词的最高级或由序数词last,next,only等限定词修饰时;2）先行词为 all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much 等时。参照第1 条，本题只能用that。46.答 案 B【参考译文】尽管家很简陋，但无论他去哪里，没有任何地方像家那样好。【试题分析】本题是结构题，兼考先行词的用法。【详细解答】由a s引导的让步状语从句，强调表语humble。由wherever引导地点状语从句，表示无论去哪里。47.答 案 C【参考译文】她应该去参加会议的，不是吗？【试题分析】本题是结构题。【详细解答】当 should和 ought to 作“应该”之意时，可互换，表示推论。但在疑问句中一般不用 ought to 而用 should,比如：Should we begin?而不会用 Ought we to begin?48.答 案 A【参考译文】玛丽今年18岁，她明年该19岁了。【试题分析】本题是结构题。【详细解答】主语+will（shall可用于第一人称）+动词原形表示一种意愿，表示不以人们意志为转移的，客观上一定会发生的行为或动作，选项B、C 均不是此意。4 9.答 案 B【参考译文】尽管夜已深了，他仍精力充沛地在工作。【试题分析】本题是搭配题。【详细解答】带有让步状语的主从复合句，though和 but不能同时出现在一个句子里，但如果从句中用了 though,主句中可用yet。50.答 案 B【参考译文】医生嘱咐他躺在床上，说他病得太厉害了。【试题分析】本题是搭配题。【详细解答】为强调程度的大小，可以在副词too的前面加上much,far,a little等词。此句中much用来修饰too ill,其余选项均不适合。51.答 案 C【参考译文】我本来打算昨天开始学法语，但后来我改变了主意。【试题分析】本题为时态题，兼考语态。【详细解答】要表示“过去想做而未做的事”，在本句中的表达方式应为was(were)+tohave done sth,译为“本来想做.的事。”52.答 案 D【参考译文】你宁愿今晚跟他一起去剧院，是不是？【试题分析】本题为搭配题。【详细解答】Youd rather为 You would rather的简略方式，因此在反意问句中用助动词 would提问o53.答 案 A【参考译文】人们相信，太阳、行星及其它恒星的形成是从星际气团的冷凝开始的。【试题分析】本题为结构题。【详细解答】根据句意，选项B、C 只构成分句，没有主句，选项D 则只有主语，没有其它成分。只有A 项才构成Itis+过去分词+that结构，使句意完整。54.答 案 C（参考译文】人类最鲜明的特性之一是他对任何自然环境的适应力。【试题分析】本题是形近词及词义辨析题。【详细解答】adaptability意为适应性，与 B 项 adoptability形近意不同，A 项 tendency意为趋势，趋向，D 项 availability意为可用的，均与题意不符。55.答 案 A【参考译文】我现在没心情和你去音乐会。【试题分析】本题是词义搭配题。【详细解答】in mood表示有.的心情，常用词组;intention表示意愿;emotion表示情感;sense表示感觉，均不符合题意。56.答 案 D【参考译文】法官不知道证人说的是否是真话，但他会证实它。【试题分析】本题是近义词辨析题。【详细解答】verify意为证实，查证,核实;identify意为认出，识别，多用于在众多物品中选出某一特定物品;enforce意为加强，强化;distinguish意为区别，辨别。57.答 案 B【参考译文】在飞机坠毁前，飞行员跳伞了。【试题分析】本题是近义词辨析题。【详细解答】crash发示（飞机等）碰撞，坠毁;clash表示冲突，交锋;smash表示打碎，粉碎;而strike表示敲击，打中。根据句意，只有crash适合。58.答 案 A【参考译文】医生们经常索取比他们应得的高得多的费用。【试题分析】本题考查固定搭配。【详细解答】make charges for是词组，意为对收费，索价。bills意为账单，costs意为代价，payments意为付费，均不能与make.for构成符合题意的词组。59.答 案 C【参考译文】大多数美国早期移民来自欧洲。【试题分析】本题是形近词辨析题。【详细解答】immigrant表示从外国移入的移民;emigrant表示从一地到另一地去的移民;migrant表示移到外国的移民;inhabitant表示常住居民。根据题意，欧洲去往美国的移民对美国来说应是immigranto60.答 案 D【参考译文】他的名字就在我嘴边，但我就是想不起来了。【试题分析】本题是固定词组搭配题。【详细解答】on the tip of ones tongue是固定词组，意为就在嘴边，其余三词虽有边、边缘等义，但不能构成此词组。61.答 案 A【参考译文】在她把书放进抽屉之前，我瞥见了书名。【试题分析】本题是近义词辨析题，并考固定词组搭配。【详细解答】catch(get)a ghmpse瞥见，强调行为结果;take a glance扫视，匆 匆 看，强调行为动作;sight视力;stare瞪视。根据题意，应是“看见了 这个结果，且应与动词catch搭配构成词组，所以应