非谓语动词用法精讲-doing.ppt

谓 语 动 词动名词gerund不定式infinitive分词participle 1 性 质 ： 它 具 有 动 词 的 特 点 ， 但 在句 子 中 起 着 名 词 、 形 容 词 、 副 词 的 作用 ， 充 当 主 语 、 表 语 、 定 语 、 宾 语 、宾 语 补 足 语 、 状 语 的 作 用 ， 即 ： 除 谓语 以 外 一 切 成 分 。 主语 定语 宾语 表语 状语宾语补 足语不定式 过去分词 v-ing 形式 3 语 态 ： 必 须 搞 清 逻 辑 主 语与 非 谓 语 动 词 的 关 系 ， 从 而来 确 定 非 谓 语 动 词 态 的 语 态 。 Swimming is her favorite sport. Learning is important to modern life.They went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. I remembered sending him an e-mail last week. （前）He suggested taking my daughter to the zoo the next Sunday. （后） Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.I really regretted missing such an exciting lecture. = I really regretted having missed such an exciting lectureWe remembered seeing the film. (=We remembered having seen the film.) The question being discussed is very important.I cant stand being kept waiting.Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the school library. His not coming made everyone present very disappointed. Seeing is believing. = To see is to believe. It is no use crying over spilt milk. Its a waste of time arguing about it. talking to him. telephoning him. He is not willing to come.making an effort. saying when it will stop raining. There is no joking about such matters. Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possibleThe problem is quite puzzling. 1. Her work is _( look )after the children.2. My aim is _( go ) to Tsinghua University.3. One of my bad habit is _(bite ) nails（指甲）. 1 能 用 动 词 -ing形 式 作 宾 语 的 及 物 动 词 可 分 两 类 ， 只 能 用 动 词 -ing形 式 作 宾 语 ， 可 用 动 词 -ing形 式 作 宾 语 ,也 可 用 不 定 式 作 宾 语。 只 能 用 -ing形 式 作 宾 语 的 动 词 suggest doing it in a different way. 必背admit 承 认 appreciate 感 激 avoid 避 免put off 推 迟 keep 保 持 consider 考 虑delay 耽 搁 dislike 嫌 恶 resist抵 制mention 提 及 enjoy 喜 欢 escape 避 免excuse 原 谅 practice 练 习 mind介 意fancy想 不 到 feel like 意 欲 finish 完 成risk 冒 险 include 包 括 forgive 原 谅give up 放 弃 suggest 建 议 miss 逃 过 imagine 设 想 cannot help 情 不 自 禁 1. He was in low spirits and even consider _(go ) away.2. Practise _( put ) your hand to the ground.3. I cant help _( have ) the trip to Britain.4. Dont tell me you always escape _( fine) because you have a fast sports car.5. Leave off _(bite) your nails!6. He didnt feel like _( work ), so he suggested _( spend ) the day in the garden.7. You certainly mustnt miss _( see ) the wonderful film. 8.The doctor advised _(stay) longer in hospital.9.We appreciate your _(want) _(help) us in our difficulties.10.Michael has delayed _(write) to her till today. 11.The law forbids _(sell)liquor to children.12.They all suggested _(give) more chances.13.Can you imagine _(leave) standing outside for a whole night.14.They built the banks to prevent the area from _(flood). 这 类 动 词 虽 然 既 能 用 -ing形 式 作 宾 语 ， 也 能 用 不 定 式作 宾 语 ， 但 用 法 并 不 相 同 ， 主 要 有 以 下 几 种 情 况 ：有些动词，如attempt, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer等，后面接动词-ing形式或不定式区别不是很大。They prefer spending/to spend their summer vacation in Dalian. I intend to buy/buying an English-Chinese dictionary. 提示I am starting to learn Russian. 避免说：I am starting learning Russian. I hope we shall be friends and come to understand one another.It was already two oclock when she came hurrying in. Having finished the exercises, we went on to learn the new words in the next unit. Though it was raining heavily, they went on working。 I didnt mean to hurt you. 。Missing the train means waiting for another hour. 。 I regret to say I must leave tomorrow. I regret not having told her earlier.Remember to lock the door when you leave. I remember posting that letter. forget to doShe nearly forgot to give the porter a tip for his service. forget doingIll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time. stop to doWhile working, he stopped to talk with Tom at times. stop doingWhen the teacher came into the classroom, the pupils stopped talking. try to doI must try to get everything ready before he arrives. try doingWould you please try doing that again? Your composition needs correcting / to be corrected.His coat wants cleaning/to be cleaned.The old woman requires looking after carefully/to be looked after carefully.动 词 -ing形 式 作 介 词 宾 语 大 都 和 一 些 固 定 搭配 有 关。 We heard the children shouting upstairs. I felt my heart beating violently. He saw a girl getting on the bus.He saw a girl get on the bus and drive off. They should not leave us wondering what they will do next.I wont have you running about in the room.We kept the fire burning all night long.I saw him enter the room sit down and light a cigarette. 。a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method of working 工作方法a drawing board 画板 a sewing machine 缝纫机a swimming pool 游泳池 a waiting room 候车室a dining car 餐车 a driving permit 驾驶许可证a singing competition 歌咏比赛 a walking stick 手杖 developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody 困扰人的问题 a dog 狂 吠 的 狗 a play 令 人 失 望 的 戏 剧an adventure 惊 人 的 冒 险a baby 熟 睡 的 婴 儿 water 正 在 沸 腾 的 水 sight 逐 渐 衰 退 的 视 力 the sun 落 日the week 下 一 周 The bottle containing vinegar should be sent to the laboratory.They lived in a house facing south.【误】The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.【正】The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture. 【误】The temple having been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. 【正】The temple which has been destroyed by the earthquake will be rebuilt soon. Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.(= After we have made full preparations.) Being ill, he didnt go to school yesterday. (= Since he was ill.) His father died, leaving him a lot of money. = and left him a lot of money.Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=If you work hard at your lessons.Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= Although they knew all this. He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= .and stared at the sky for a long timea. 分 词 表 示 的 必 须 是 主 语 的 一 个 动 作 ；b. 分 词 表 示 的 动 作 和 谓 语 表 示 的 动 作（ 或 状 态 ） 是 同 时 发 生 的 ；c. 分 词 表 示 的 是 比 较 次 要 的 动 作 ， 对 谓语 表 示 的 动 作 或 状 态 加 以 说 明 ；d. 大 部 分 放 在 谓 语 之 后 ；e. 分 词 有 时 可 以 与 句 子 的 其 他 部 分 用 逗号 隔 开 。 2、3、4、 European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world. （NMET1998） A. making B. makes C. made D. to makeHe rushed to the train station, only _ the train had gone.A. finding B. found C. finds D. to find His parents died, leaving him an orphan.He rushed to the post office only to find it was closed Reading aloud is very helpful. His fathers falling ill worried him greatly.(his father是falling ill的逻辑主语) What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)an interesting book = a book that interests its readersa running stream = a stream that is running The meeting being held in Beijing now is of great importance.(the meeting和举行之间的关系是被动的，所以用being held) 比较 We often hear her singing this song.We often hear this song (being) sung. Entering the classroom, I found nobody in it.【误】Looking out through the window, the garden was beautiful.【正】Looking out through the window, we saw a beautiful garden. 【误】Reading the evening newspaper, a dog started barking.【正】I was reading the evening newspaper when a dog started barking.The last bus having gone, we had to walk home. Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday. 一 般 说 来 ， 男 孩 比 女 孩 对 科 学 更 感 兴 趣 .Generally speaking, boys are more interested in science than girls.从 他 的 口 音 看 ， 他 一 定 来 自 加 拿 大 .Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.Supposing it rains, what will you do? 1. _to the meeting surprised all of the boards. A. Mike coming B. Mike came C. Mike coming D. Mikes coming 2. Its no use _ that you didnt know the rules. A. you pretend B. you pretending C. your pretending D. your pretend Change the following into the simple sentences. 2、3、4、 Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well.Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter.Having lived in Berlin many years, he knew the city well. 肯 定 式 否 定 式一 般 式 doing not doing完 成 式 having done not having done 肯 定 形 式 否 定 形 式一 般 式 being done not being done完 成 式 having been done not having been done