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高中英语主要句型 56 一、以形式主语 it引导的句型 。 句型 1. It (so) happened（ chanced） that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如： It happened that he was out when I got there. 当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。 He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there. 句型 2. It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ to be doing/ to have done/to be done/to have been done（还有动词 appear等可这样使用）如 : It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去过北京。 He seemed to have been to Beijing before. 句型 3. It is / was被强调的部分 that(who)+剩 余的部分 .如： It wasnt until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回来我才睡觉。 (一定要注意被 强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移 )。 It was because he was ill that he didnt come to school today.只因为他有病了今天没有 来上学。（只能用 because而不能用 for, as 或 since） It is I who am a student. 我确实是个学生。 （句中 am不能用 are来代替。） 句型 4. It is high time (time/ about time)+ (that) 主语 did / should do +其它。 (从句中的谓 语动词用的是虚拟语气。 )如 : It is high time that we should go / went home.我们该回家了。 句型 5. It is / was said ( reported, thought, believed, supposed ) that+从句 . 如： It was said that he had read this novel.据 说他读过这篇小说。 He was said to have read this novel. 句型 6. It is impossible / necessary/ strangethat clause.(从句中的谓语用 should do / should have done，其形式是虚拟语气。 ) 如： It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。 句型 7. It is + a pity/ a shamethat clause.( 注意从句中 的谓语动词用 should do或 should have done的形 式，但 should可以省略。 )如： He didnt come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直 到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。 句型 8. It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /that +clause.(从句的谓语动词用 should do, 但 should 可以省略。 )如： It is suggested that the meeting should be put off. 有人建议推迟会议。 句型 9. It is/was表示地点的名词 where+从句。（注 意本句不是强调句型，而是以 where引导的定语 从句。）如： It was this house where I was born.请比较： It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调 句型。 ) 句型 10. It is / was +表示时间的名词 when+从句。（注 意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以 when引导的定 语从句。）如： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较： It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. 句型 9. It is/was表示地点的名词 where+从句。（注 意本句不是强调句型，而是以 where引导的定语 从句。）如： It was this house where I was born.请比较： It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是强调 句型。 ) 句型 10. It is / was +表示时间的名词 when+从句。（注 意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以 when引导的定 语从句。）如： It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 请比较： It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States. 句型 11. It is well-known that从句。如： It is well-known that she is a learned woman.众 所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。 句型 12. It is +段时间 since+主语 did. 请比较： It was +段时间 since+主语 had done. 如： It is five years since he left here.他已经离开这儿 五年了。 It was five years since he left here.（同上） 注意下列句型的翻译 :It is five years since he lived here.他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。 句型 13. It +谓语段时间 before+主语谓语 .（ before引导的是 时间状语从句。） 如： It wasnt long before the people in that country rose up. 没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。 It will be three hours before he comes back.三个小时之 后他才能回来。 句型 14. It is +形容词 (possible, impossible, necessary等 ) for+ sb.+ to do. 如： It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow. 我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。 句型 15. It is +（心理品质方面的）形容词 of + sb. +to do.= 主语 + be +形容词 to do.(常用的形容词有： kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。 )如： It is kind of you to help me. You are kind to help me.你 真好给我提供了帮助。 二、定语从句 ： 句型 16. 由 as引导的非限定性的定语从句 。如： As we have known, he is a most good student.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请 比较： It is well-known that he is a most good student.（前一个是定语从句，而后 者是个主语从句。） 句型 17. 由 which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如： He is a professor, which I have been looking forward to becoming. 他是个教授，那是我一直盼 望的职业。（因为先行词 professor是表示职业的 名词，因此引导词用 which，而不用 who。 句型 18. 由 where, when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定 性的或非限定性的。）如： This is the house where I used to come.请比较： This is the house which / that I used to come to. This is the day when I joined the Party.请比较： This is the day which / that I joined the Party on. （说明：关于 that与 which之间的区别，请看关系 代词 that和 which的区别。） 三、让步状语从句 句型 19. No matter what / which / who / where / when / whose从 句，主句 .(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时 态。 )如： No matter what you do, you must do it well.请比较： Whatever you do, you must do it well. 无论你做什么，一 定要做好。 No matter where you go, please let me know.请比较： Wherever you go, please let me know.你无论去哪儿，请 通知我。 （说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。） （注意： I will tell whoever would like to read it. 句中的 whoever不能用 whomever来代替。因为它即作动词 tell的 宾语，又作后面从句的主语。） 四、条件状语从句 句型 20. When / So long as / As long as / Once +从句，主句。 （从句也可以放在主句之后。）如： As long as you give me any money, I will let you go.只要 你给我一些钱，我就让你走。 Once you have begun to learn English, you should learn it well. 一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。 句型 21. 主句 on condition that+从句 .如： I will go with you on condition that you give me a sum of money.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。 句型 22. 主句 unless+从句 .(注意：由于 unless本身是否定词，所 引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。 )如： I will go there tomorrow unless it rains.我明天去那儿除非 下雨。 句型 23. 祈使句， and/ and then+主句。（注意：祈使 句也可用一个名词短语。）如： Use your head, and you will find a good idea.动 脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。 Another word, and I will beat you.你再说一句， 我就揍你。 句型 24. If +necessary / impossible/ important等，主 句 .(注意： if与形容词之间的 it is被省略。 )如： If necessary, I will do it. 如果有必要的话，我来做 此事。 五、原因状语从句 句型 25. 主句 in case+从句 .（ in case表示以免）如： I will take my raincoat in case it rains.我要把雨衣 带上以免下雨。 句型 26. 主句 due to / because of / owning to / + the fact that +从句。如： He did not come to school because of the fact that he was ill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。 六、时间状语从句 句型 27. When / While / As +从句，主句 .如： When I was in the country, I used to carry some water for you.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。 句型 28. 主句 after / before +从句 . 如： They hadnt been married four months before they were devoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。 We went home after we had finished the work.我们做完 此工作就回家了。 句型 29. 主语肯定谓语 until从句 .请比较：主语否定谓语 until+从句 .如： I worked until he came back.我一直工作到他回来。 I didnt worked until he came back.他回来我才开始工作。 句型 30. As soon as / Immediately / Directly / Instantly / The moment / The instant / The minute +从句，主句 . 如： My father went out immediately I got home.我一到家，我 父亲就出去了。 句型 31. No sooner +had + 主语 donethan + 主语 did. 请比较： 主语 had + no sooner +donethan + 主语 did. 如： No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.我一到北 京就给你打电话了。请比较： I had no sooner got to Beijing than I called you. 句型 32. Hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely +had +主语 donewhen / before + 主语 did.请比较：主语 had +hardly/Scarcely/ Rarely + donewhen / before + 主语 did. Hardly had she had supper when she went out. 她一吃完 晚饭就出去了。请 比较： She had hardly had supper when she went out. 句型 33. By the time+从句，主句 .（注意时态的变化。） 如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。 By the time you come back, I will have finished this book.到你回来时，我将写完这本书了。 句型 34. each / every time +从句，主句 . (这时相当于 whenever 或 no matter when引导的从句。从句也 可放在主句之后。 )如： Each time he comes to Harbin, he always drops in on me.每当他来哈尔滨，总是顺便来看看我。 七、地点状语从句 句型 35. Where +从句，主句 . 如： Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很 难的或者是不可能的。 句型 36、 Anywhere / Wherever+从句， 主句 . 如： Anywhere I go, my wife goes too.无论我去 哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。请比较： I will go wherever you suggest.你建议我去 哪儿，我就去哪儿。 八、目的状语从句 句型 37. 主句 in order that / so that +从句 .如： I got up early in order that I could catch the first bus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。 句型 38. 主句 for +sb. +to do.（注意动词不定式复 合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如： He came here for me to work out this problem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。 九、结果状语从句 句型 39. 主句 so that+从句 . 如： It was very cold, so that the river froze.天气很泠，因此河 水结冰了。 句型 40. So+形容词 / 副词特定动词 (助动词或系动词 )主语 that+从句 . So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。 句型 41. 主语谓语 such+名词 that+从句 .如： He made such rapid progress that he was praised by the teacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他 句型 42. Such was + 主语 that +从句 .(这是个完全 倒装句。 )如： Such was the force of the explosion that all the windows were broken.爆炸力这么大， 所有的窗户都被震碎了。 句型 43. 主句 only +to do sth. (only和动词不定式 一起做结果状语 )如： I woke up very late only to find that my wife had gone to work. 我醒得很晚，结果 发现我的妻子已经上班了。 十、比较状语从句 句型 44. The +形容词比较级 ，（主句） the +形容词比较级 如： The sooner you do it, the better it will be.越早越好。 句型 45. 主语谓语 as +形容词原级 as +被比较的对象 . 如： He is as busy as a bee.他非常忙。 句型 46. 主语谓语 the形容词比较级 of / between He is the taller of the two.他们俩人中他高。 句型 47. 主语谓语倍数 as形容词原级 as被比较的对象 . 如： This room is three times as large as that one.这个房间是 那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。） 句型 48. 主语谓语百分数 /倍数形容词比较级 than 被比较的对象 .如： This city is twice larger than ours.这个城市比我 们城市大两倍。 The early rice output in that commune was 200% more than that of 2001.那个公社的早稻产 量是 2001年的两倍。 句型 49. 主语谓语 the size / length/ width/ height +of +被比较的对象 .如： Our building is twice the height of yours.我们的 大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。 十一、其它句型 句型 50. It doesnt matter wh-+从句。如： It doesnt matter to me what you will do tomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。 It doesnt matter whether you will come or not.你 来不来无关紧要。 句型 51. 形容词 / 副词 / 名词（可数单数） +as / though + 主语谓语，主句 .如： Young as he is, he knows a lot.虽然他很小，但 他知道得很多。 Hard he works, I am sure that he cant pass this exam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能 及格。 句型 52. Were / Should / Had +主语谓语，主句 .如 Were I you, I would have gone there yesterday.如果我是你的话，昨 天我就去那儿了。 句型 53 Only +状语特定动词主语谓语 Only by this means can I do this work well.只有用那种方式我才能做 好此工作。 Only because he was ill did he not come to school.只因为他有病了 才没有来上学。 Only then did I realize that I had been wrong.只有那时，我才认识到 我错了。 句型 54 Not only +特定动词主语谓语 but also+ 主语谓语 如： Not only did he learned English well but also he spoke French very well. 他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。 句型 55 whetheror, neithernor, eitheror 如： Whether he will come or not isnt important.他不来不重要。 句型 56 主语 doubt whether + 从句 . 请比较： 主语特定否定词 doubt that从句 . 如： I dont doubt that he will come this afternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。
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