【精编】各液体燃料物理化学参数

参数物质甲醇(methanol)乙醇(ethanol)二甲醚(dimethyl ether)正丁醇(butyl alcohol)异丁醇(isobutyl alcohol)叔丁醇(tert-butyl alcohol)乙醚(ether)正庚烷(heptane)异庚烷(isoheptane)正辛烷(octane)异辛烷(isooctane)化学式/结构式CH4OCH30HC2H6OCH3CH2OHC2H6OCH3OCH3C4H10OCH3(CH2)3OHC4H10O(CH3)2CH CH2OHC4H10O(CH3)3C-OHC4H10OCH3CH2OCH2CH3C7H16CH3(CH2)5CH3C7H16CH3(CH2)3CH(CH3)2C8H18CH3(CH2)6CH3C8H18(CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3分子量32.0446.0746.0774.1274.1274.1274.12100.21100.21114.22114.22性质无色有酒精气味易挥发、易燃的液体易燃、易挥发的无色透明液体在零下 23以上为无色气体，以下为无色透明液体易燃、易挥发的无色透明液体，刺激性气味易燃、刺激性的无色透明液体易燃、无色结晶，有少量水存在时为液体，有樟脑气味极易燃、易挥发的无色透明液体易燃、易挥发、无色透明液体无色、易挥发液体无色透明液体易燃、易挥发有刺激性气味的无色透明液体毒性有剧毒微毒性毒性低于乙醚低毒低毒微毒性低毒低毒低毒低毒低毒沸点()64.778.4-23117.510782.434.698.490125.899.3密度(20)(g/cm3)0.79120.789450.0104(气)0.6616(液)0.80870.8020.7840.71350.6840.680.70240.6919溶解性溶于水、多种无机盐以及醇、醚等多数有机溶剂能与 水和多种有机溶剂 混溶溶于水、醇、乙醚微溶于水，溶于乙醇、醚等多数有机溶剂易溶于水、乙醇和乙醚溶于水、乙醇、乙醚溶于低碳醇、苯、氯仿和油类，微溶于水不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚等不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚。不溶于水，溶于乙醇、乙醚、苯、丙酮等多数有机溶剂不溶于水，溶于醚，易溶于醇、丙酮、氯仿等CP(20)(J/(kgK)250024302240233023903040(27)1862.1322332210.532090CV(20)(J/(kgK)21191724.01760.81790.26热导率(30)(W/(m K)0.20770.16210.13310.15160.13380.11070.12980.132580.12250.126050.10048粘度(20)(mPa s)0.5971.200.0855(气态)2.9484.113.12.950.4090.3840.5420.53参数物质甲醇(methanol)乙醇(ethanol)二甲醚(dimethyl ether)正丁醇(butyl alcohol)异丁醇(isobutyl alcohol)叔丁醇(tert-butyl alcohol)乙醚(ether)正庚烷(heptane)异庚烷(isoheptane)正辛烷(octane)异辛烷(isooctane)活化能(KJ/mol)172.9176.7202.6热值(KJ/mol)727.01365.514532673.22667.72630.52752.94806.64802.455185468.98引燃温度()450363350365426470160233280206417最小着火能(mJ)21450.19最大火焰传播速度(cm/s)37395063(200)58(200)55125(4bar,120)67(150)60.9(150)火焰火焰呈蓝色完全燃烧发出淡蓝色火焰；不完全燃烧有黄色火焰火焰略带亮光火焰呈现蓝白色火焰呈现蓝紫色价格（元/500ml）815510203010201830182525351325203030454050