资源描述
Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeEnglish Song Dear DiaryQuestionnaireWarm-up QuestionsBackground InformationSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeEnglish Song Dear DiaryDear DiaryQuestions and AnswersSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeBackground InformationRichard TomkinsTechnologyStress in the WorkplaceSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeDear Diary Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeQuestions and Answers 1.How does the singer treat his diary?Why?He treats it as a friend,to whom he can pour out his inmost feelings.2.What does the singer think about how other people spend their time?He thinks they spend their days in a rush,so much so that they have no time for each other or for themselves.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life3.What can we infer about the singers attitude towards the pace of life today?It is unwise for people to spend days in a rush.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeQuestionnaire Purpose:Directions:Scoring and Interpretation:Number of“Yes”Answers Stress Category:Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeThe purpose of this questionnaire is to increase your awareness of stress in your life.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeIf you answer“yes”to any of the following stress index questions,just click the sentence.1.I have frequent arguments.2.I often get upset at work.3.I often have neck and/or shoulder pains due to anxiety/stress.4.I often get upset when I stand in long lines.5.I often get angry when I listen to the local,national,or world news or read the newspaper.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life6.I do not have a sufficient amount of money for my needs.7.I often get upset when driving.8.At the end of a workday,I often feel stress-related fatigue.9.I have at least one constant source of stress/anxiety in my life(e.g.,conflict with boss,neighbor,mother-in-law,etc.).10.I often have stress-related headaches.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life11.I do not practice stress management techniques.12.I rarely take time for myself.13.I have difficulty in keeping my feelings of anger and hostility under control.14.I have difficulty in managing time wisely.15.I often have difficulty sleeping.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life16.I am generally in a hurry.17.I usually feel that there is not enough time in the day to accomplish what I need to do.18.I often feel that I am being mistreated by friends or associates.19.I do not regularly perform physical activity.20.I rarely get 7 to 9 hours of sleep per night.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeAnswering“yes”to any of the questions means that you need to use some form of stress management techniques.Add your“yes”answers and use the following scale to evaluate the level of stress in your life.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life6-20 High stress3-5 Average stress0-2 Low stressSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeWarm-up QuestionsListen to the following short passage and discuss the questions.“Now psychologists look at our view of time another way.They go into several countries and measure the pace of life.They measure the accuracy of bank clocks and how fast city dwellers walk.They time transactions in banks and post offices.They see how long people take to answer questions.Japanese keep the fastest pace.Americans are a close second.Italians and Indonesians are at the bottom of the list.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Finally,we look at heart disease.Thats tricky,because other factors are involved.Our hearts greatest enemy is tobacco.But heart disease also correlates with the pace we keep.Smokers who drive themselves are really asking for it.”1.What do you think keep people in some countries so busy?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life2.What might be the acute/major problems facing people today?1.Tension Physical,mental,emotional2.Health problems Physical,mental and emotional diseases 3.Ecological pollution/Rupture in ozone layer4.Disturbed family relations5.Violence and cruelty6.Corruption/Dishonesty/Immorality7.Drug-addiction8.Neglect of law&order and ethical,moral and social discipline9.Armaments/Nuclear weapons(Militarism)Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life3.Compared with peoples life in ancient times,what have new technology,the information explosion and rising economy really brought to us?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeRichard TomkinsRichard Tomkins,consumer industries editor of the Financial Times,where he has been a member of the editorial staff since 1983.Financial Times includes business and financial news and analysis.To know it better,log on the following website:http:/ Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Many historians of science argue not only that technology is an essential condition of advanced,industrial civilization but also that the rate of technological change has developed its own momentum in recent centuries.Innovations now seem to appear atTechnology a rate that increases geometrically,without respect to geographical limits or political systems.These innovations tend to transform traditional cultural systems,frequently with unexpected social consequences.Thus technology can be conceived as both a creative and a destructive process.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life The problem of stress is not likely to go away.As the pace of change continues to increase,the demands upon us will also increase.We will have to make more decisions and make decisions faster;haveStress in the Workplaceto learn new skills,adapt to new situations,and cope with new threats.As a result we will find ourselves becoming more tired,making more mistakes,becoming more hostile,more anxious,more depressed,suffering more ill-health,and having more accidents.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life If we are to survive in an ever-accelerating world,it is imperative that we learn to cope with the increasing pressures of change.If we do not,breakdowns and burnouts will become the norm.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifePart Division of the TextFurther UnderstandingSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeFor Part 1 ScanningBlank FillingFor Part 2 True or FalseFurther UnderstandingFor Part 3 Table CompletionFor Part 4 Questions and AnswersSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Part Division of the Text PartsPara(s)Main Ideas 1111 21218The author gives three reasons why we feel so time-pressed today.Not every one is time-stressed,and in the case of Americans they have actually gained more free time in the past decade.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifePartsPara(s)Main Ideas 31923 42428The perception of time-famine has triggered a variety of reactions.The author pins down the crux(症结症结)of the problem and puts forward a remedy for the stress we feel.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life ScanningScan part one and find out three reasons why we feel so time-pressed today.And make a note of the transitional devices used there.Technology1.2.3._Information explosion_Rising prosperity_Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeTransitional devices:apart,a second reason(Para.7)_There is another reason(Para.11)_1.2.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Blank Filling Facts are valuable as evidence that enhances the persuasive force of an argumentative paper.In stating the first reason,the author lists a number of facts to try to convince the readers of the unfavorable effects technology has had on our lives.Now could you find some more supporting facts apart from the one given below,and put them down?Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeThe motorcar brings more traffic problems than it promises to solve.1.The aircraft creates a high demand for time-consuming journeys that we never dreamed of._2.The washing machine,contrary to our expectations,multiplies the hours spent on washing and ironing._3.4.Instead of making our lives easier,technology goes so far as to cram extra work into our leisure time._Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeTechnology produces the new burden of dealing with faxes,e-mails and voicemails._5.Technology eats further into our time by forcing us to handle software glitches on computers and filling our heads with useless information from the Internet._6.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life True or FalseScan Text A and decide whether the following statements are true or false.1.It is convenient to say we are all lacking in time.2.About 50 percent of people will tell you they never have enough time to get things done.FIt is too general to say we are all lacking in time.()FAbout 50 percent of unemployed or retired people will tell you they never have enough time to get things done.()Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life4.The gains of free time were unevenly distributed only because different groups of people gained different amount of free time.3.In the U.K.,working hours have risen only slightly in the last 10 years.FThere is also a gender issue here.()T()Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Table CompletionFill in the chart with a variety of reactions provoked by the perception of the time famine and the trouble with all these reactions.Pay attention to the transitional devices,too.An attempt to gain the largest possible amount of satisfaction from the smallest possible investment of timeTrying to buy time Reaction 1Reaction 2The growth of the work-life debateReaction 3Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeLiberating time is useless if the hours gained are immediately diverted to other purposes.1.One is(Para.19)2.also(Para.21)3.A third reaction(Para.22)TroubleTransitional DevicesSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Questions and Answers1.What is the crux of the problem the author points out?The author points out the time stress we feel arises not from a shortage of time,but from the too many things we try to do.2.What is remedy for the stress according to the authors opinion?A possible remedy is that we should understand the problem and realize that it is not more time we need,it is fewer desires.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of LifeOld Father Time Becomes a Terror Once upon a time,technology,we thought,would make our lives easier.Machines were expected to do our work for us,leaving us with ever-increasing quantities of time to waste away on idleness and pleasure.But instead of liberating us,technology has enslaved us.Innovations are occurring at a bewildering rate:as many now arrive in a year as once arrived in a millennium.And as each invention arrives,it eats further into our time.Richard TomkinsSupplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life The motorcar,for example,promised unimaginable levels of personal mobility.But now,traffic in cities moves more slowly than it did in the days of the horse-drawn carriage,and we waste our lives stuck in traffic jams.The aircraft promised new horizons,too.The trouble is,it delivered them.Its very existence created a demand for time-consuming journeys that we would never previously have dreamed of undertaking the transatlantic shopping expedition,for example,or the trip to a convention on the other side of the world.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life In most cases,technology has not saved time,but enabled us to do more things.In the home,washing machines promised to free women from having to toil over the laundry.In reality,they encouraged us to change our clothes daily instead of weekly,creating seven times as much washing and ironing.Similarly,the weekly bath has been replaced by the daily shower,multiplying the hours spent on personal grooming.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Meanwhile,technology has not only allowed work to spread into our leisure time the laptop-on-the-beach syndrome but added the new burden of dealing with faxes,e-mails and voicemails.It has also provided us with the opportunity to spend hours fixing software glitches on our personal computers or filling our heads with useless information from the Internet.Technology apart,the Internet points the way to a second reason why we feel so time-pressed:the information explosion.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life A couple of centuries ago,nearly all the worlds accumulated learning could be contained in the heads of a few philosophers.Today,those heads couldnot hope to accommodate more than a tiny fraction of the information generated in a single day.News,facts and opinions pour in from every corner of the world.The television set offers 150 channels.There are millions of Internet sites.Magazines,books and CD-ROMs proliferate.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “In the whole world of scholarship,there were only a handful of scientific journals in the 18th century,and the publication of a book was an event,”says Edward Wilson,honorary curator in entomology at Harvard Universitys museum of comparative zoology.“Now,I find myself subscribing to 60 or 70 journals or magazines just to keep me up with what amounts to a minute proportion of the expanding frontiers of scholarship.”Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life There is another reason for our increased time stress levels,too:rising prosperity.As ever-larger quantities of goods and services are produced,they have to be consumed.Driven on by advertising,we do our best to oblige:we buy more,travel more and play more,but we struggle to keep up.So we suffer from what Wilson calls discontent with super abundance the confusion of endless choice.Of course,not everyone is overstressed.“Its a convenient shorthand to say were all time-starved,but we have to remember that it only applies to,say,half the population,”says Michael Willmott,director of the Future Foundation,a London research company.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “Youve got people retiring early,youve got the unemployed,youve got other people maybe only peripherally involved in the economy who dont have this situation at all.If youre unemployed,your problem is that youve got too much time,not too little.”Paul Edwards,chairman of the London-based Henley Centre forecasting group,points out that the feeling of pressures can also be exaggerated,or self-imposedimposed.“Everyone talks about it so much that about 50 percent of unemployed or retired people will tell you they never have enough time to get things done,”he says.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “Its almost got to the point where theres stress envy.If youre not stressed,youre not succeeding.Everyone wants to have a little bit of this stress to show theyre an important person.”There is another aspect to all of this too.Hour-by-hour logs kept by thousands of volunteers over the decades have shown that,in the U.K.,working hours have risen only slightly in the last 10 years,and in the U.S.,they have actually fallen even for those in professional and executive jobs,where the perceptions of stress are highest.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life In the U.S.,John Robinson,professor of sociology at the University of Maryland,and Geoffrey Godbey,professor of leisure studies at Penn State University found that,since the mid-1960s,the average American had gained five hours a week in free time that is,time left after working,sleeping,commuting,caring for children and doing the chores.The gains,however,were unevenly distributed.The people who benefited the most were singles and empty-nesters.Those who gained the least less than an hour-were working couples with pre-school children,perhaps reflecting the trend for parents to spend more time nurturing their offspring.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life There is,of course,a gender issue here,too.Advances in household appliances may have encouraged women to take paying jobs:but as we have already noted,technology did not end household chores.As a result,we see appalling inequalities in the distribution offree time between the sexes.According to the Henley Centre,working fathers in the U.K.average 48 hours of free time a week.Working mothers get 14.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life Inequalities apart,the perception of the time famine is widespread,and has provoked a variety of reactions.One is an attempt to gain the largest possible amount of satisfaction from the smallest possible investment of time.People today want fast food,sound bytes and instant gratification.And they become upset when time is wasted.Supplementary ReadingAfter ReadingDetailed ReadingGlobal ReadingBefore ReadingUnit 6 The Pace of Life “People talk about quality time.They want perfect moments,”says the Henley Centres Edwards.“If you take your kids to a movie and McDonalds and its not perfect,youve wasted an afternoon,and its a sense that youve lost something precious.If you lose some money you can earn some more,but if you waste time you can never get it back.”People are also trying to buy time.Anything that
展开阅读全文