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Book 1Unit 4Earthquakes1.burst vi.爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发教材原句教材原句In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst (burst).单句改错单句改错A fire was burst out last night,and his house was in ruins.去掉第一个was 重点单词单句填空单句填空With a burst of laughter,Wang Xifeng burstinto the room,whose flattering(讨好的)words made Mrs.Jia burst into laugh-ter.Two good bursts (burst)from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.(2016课标全国)一句多译一句多译不管什么时候回忆起这个有趣的故事,我都会忍不住笑起来。Whenever I recall this funny story,I cant help bursting out laughing .No matter when I think of this funny story,I cant help bursting into laughter .点拨点拨burst in/burst into a room闯入;突然破门而入burst out 突然开始突然哭起来/笑起来a burst of.突然的一阵burst out crying/laughingburst into tears/laughter助记 2.ruin n.毁灭;废墟vt.毁灭;使破产教材原句教材原句In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins (ruin).单句填空单句填空Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins,the city took on a new look.With time going on,the castle which was once very beautiful is now completely in ruins.Drunk driving not only ruinedhimself (him)but also killed several passers-by.Who would want to ruin (ruin)their good workout by eating junk food?(2018课标全国)用用ruin,damage,destroy的适当形式填空的适当形式填空He was injured badly in a big fire,whichdestroyed the building completely.The accident did much damage to his health andruined his future.点拨点拨lie/be in ruins 成为废墟fall into ruin 衰落,败落be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟ruin oneself 毁掉自己;自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future毁掉某人的健康/声誉/前途ruin表示“毁掉、毁坏”,是指在一定过程中逐渐对物体进行破坏。也可用于表示抽象意义damage指程度较小的损坏,一般是可以修复的,可用作动词或名词。作名词时通常用作不可数名词,构成词组do/cause damage to sb./sth.destroy表示“毁坏”,通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭,也可用于损坏抽象的东西,如名誉、计划、信心等词义辨析3.injure vt.损害;伤害教材原句教材原句Two-thirds of them died or were injured (injure)during the earth-quake.单句填空单句填空These chemicals come from the injured (injure)parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.(2017课标全国)完成句子完成句子我当时系着安全带。如果没系的话,我可能就受伤了。(2016天津)I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadnt been wearing one,I would have been injured .点拨点拨(1)injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员(2)injury n.伤;伤口;伤害do oneself an injury伤害某人自己点津the injured作主语时,谓语动词常常使用复数形式。4.bury vt.掩埋;埋葬;使隐藏教材原句教材原句The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury (bury)the dead.单句填空单句填空He stood on the sidewalk with his hands buried (bury)in the pock-ets.He sank down on the ground,burying (bury)his face in his hands.一句多译一句多译由于他埋头于书本,所以不知道外面在下雨。Because he buried himself in his book,he didnt know it was rain-ing outside.Because he was buried in his book,he didnt know it was raining outside.Burying himself in his book,he didnt know it was raining outside.Buried in his book,he didnt know it was raining outside.点拨点拨bury.in.把埋到里;使沉浸于bury oneself in埋头于;专心于;沉浸于be buried in埋头于;专心于;沉浸于联想表示“专心于;致力于”的其他常见短语:be devoted to;be lost/engaged/absorbed in;focus/concentrate on;fix/concen-trate ones attention on5.judge vt.断定;判断;判决 n.裁判员;法官教材原句教材原句Your speech was heard by a group of five judges (judge),all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.单句填空单句填空If he had played a part in the film,he would have been judged (judge)to be the best actor.Judging (judge)from the story,we can come to the conclusion that we cant judge a book by its cover.完成句子完成句子As far as I can judge ,it is wrong for them to let some students carry mobile phones.我认为,他们让某些学生带手机是错误的。单句改错单句改错Judged from his expression,he was not satisfied with the answer.JudgedJudging 点拨点拨judge.from/by.从来判断dont judge a book by its cover不要以貌取人,勿以外表做评判as far as I can judge据我判断;我认为点津judging from/by“从来看;根据来判断”,用在句首时为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态的影响。1.at an end 结束;终结教材原句教材原句It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日!重点短语单句填空单句填空By the end of last week,I had finished (finish)most of the work.He debated buying a new car,but didnt in the end.Driverless cars may end up being (be)a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own.(2017天津)一句多译一句多译昨晚,会议八点钟结束。The meeting was at an end at 8 last night (at an end)The meeting came to an end at 8 last night (come to an end)The meeting was brought to an end at 8 last night (bring.to an end)点拨点拨(1)at the end of在尽头/末端in the end最后,终于by the end of 到时候为止(常与完成时连用)put/bring an end to sth.使结束come to an end完成;结束(2)end up with以结束end up doing sth.以做某事结束end up in以告终;结果为2.a(great)number of 许多;大量的教材原句教材原句Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.单句填空单句填空A number of students are (be)in the dining hall now.Yes.The number of the studentsis (be)about 400.Over the years,there have been (be)a number of different tech-niques to help designers approach this important point.(2018课标全国)选词填空选词填空(a number of/the number of)Now a number of college graduates are seeking to get a well-paid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.单句改错单句改错Large quantities of nuts is found inside the trees.isare A good many disasters has damaged the old building.hashave 点拨点拨(1)a number of意为“若干;许多”,后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数形式。(2)the number of意为“的数量”,其后接名词复数。用作主语时,谓语动词一般要用单数形式。扩展(1)“large quantities of+名词”后通常跟动词复数形式;(2)“a great/good many+可数名词复数”后通常跟谓语动词复数形式。1.as if似乎;仿佛教材原句教材原句It seemed as if the world was (be)at an end!单句填空单句填空When a pencil is partly put into water,it looks as if it were (be)bro-ken.He opened his mouth as if to say (say)something.重点句型同义句转换同义句转换The tennis player is lying on the floor as if she were hurt badly.The tennis player is lying on the flooras if hurt badly.单句改错单句改错He talks about Rome as if that he had been there before.去掉that 完成句子在回答问题的时候,我同桌看起来很紧张。(It seemed as if.)It seemed as if my deskmate was very nervous when he answered the question.点拨点拨as if(=as though)在句中引导表语从句;它也可以引导状语从句。联想as if/though从句使用虚拟语气的三种情况:与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时,be动词用were;与过去事实相反,谓语动词用“had+过去分词”;与将来事实相反,谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”。点津as if/though引导的状语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句谓语中含有be动词时,可省略从句中的主语和be动词,后面直接跟名词(短语)、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词等。2.all.not.并非所有都教材原句教材原句All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。句型转换句型转换:把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定句把下列部分否定的句子改为全部否定句I do not remember all the details.I remember none of the details.Both of them are not my brothers.Neither of them is my brother.Not everything she did pleased him.Nothing she did pleased him.She is not always excited.She is never excited.一句多译一句多译不是所有的人都愿意帮助他人。All people are not willing to help others.(all.not)Not all people are willing to help others.(not all.)点拨点拨该句是表示部分否定的句型,all.not.=not all.,意为“并非所有的都”。联想英语中的all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,completely,al-ways,whole,entirely等词与否定词连用,无论否定词位置如何,均构成部分否定,表示“并非都”的意思。no,none,never,nobody,neither,nothing,no more,no longer等表示否定意义的词或短语与表肯定意义的谓语动词一起使用时,构成全部否定。
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