资源描述
1细粒棘球绦虫细粒棘球绦虫（Echinococcus granulosus）2Brief introductionadult：intestine of carnivoreslarval stages(hydatid)：various mammalian intermediate hostshydatid cysts echinococcosis（棘球蚴病）（棘球蚴病）,hydatidosis or hydatid disease(包虫病包虫病)Zoonosis3Echinococcus granulosus-the dog tape wormnadult：live in the intestine of dogsnEggs are shed in the fecesnEggs are infective to herbivores(and humans)41.Morphology1 1、Adults：27mm；one of the smallest tapewormsScolexshort neckStrobila:usually only three proglottids neckImmature proglottidMatureproglottidGravid proglottidimmature proglottidmature proglottidgravid proglottid56eggs of Taenia saginata,T.solium and Echinococcus granulosus are undistinguishable Eggs 7Hydatid Cyst棘球蚴棘球蚴Laminated layer角质层角质层:1mm,thick,outer,laminated,noncellular layerGerminal layer生发层生发层:20um,inner,thin,nucleated germinal layerbrood capsule protoscolex原头蚴原头蚴 daughter/grand daughter cyst hydatid sand棘球砂棘球砂8ninfective stage for dogsnHydatides usually grow slowly but steadily(1-5 cm per year)nCyst rupture or hydatid fluid leakage：allergic reactions and metastasis(转转移移)Hydatid Cyst9The Hydatid Cyst10Life cycle Adult （intestine of canidae）Egg sheep/human oncosphereoncosphere ingested gut Hydatid cyst liver/lungOffal is ingested by dog11Sites of hydatid1 1）liver（69.9%69.9%）2 2）lungs(19.3%)(19.3%)3 3）spleen,kidney,heart,bone,CNSLife cycle12Life cycle13Definitive host:dog&other canine(intestine)Intermediate host:sheep,cattle,camel&humanInfective stage:egg，hydatid cystHumans are infected by Pathogensis stage:hydatid cyst Ingestion of and food/water contaminated with eggs Close touch with dogs14PathogenesisSeverity：location,size,number,growth speedvSpace-occupying impairments vAllergic reaction.v Secondary infection 15Liver hydatidosisnliver swelling,right epigastric pain,nausea,vomiting,discomfort,loss of appetite(anorexia)nMidriff(横膈横膈)moving up,dyspnea(呼吸困难呼吸困难)nObstruction of bile ducts and blood vessels Obstructive jaundice(阻塞性黄疸阻塞性黄疸),cirrhosis and portal hypertension16 Lung hydatidosisObstruction&rupture chestpain,dry cough,bloody sputumdyspnea17 Abdominal hydatidosisAscites(腹水腹水)Obstructive jaundice(阻塞性阻塞性 黄疸黄疸)Cholecystitis(胆囊炎胆囊炎)18Cerebral hydatidosis High infective rate children;focal epilepsy(局限型癫痫局限型癫痫)headache,nausea,diarrhea,vomiting,hemiplegia(偏瘫偏瘫)19nOcular hydatidosis 眼包虫病眼包虫病nOsseous hydatidosis骨包虫病骨包虫病necrosis of bone,fracture of arm or leg20laboratory diagnosis Diagnostic puncture is forbidden!nHistory：contact with sheep&dogsnClinical manifestationsnX-ray，ultrasound，CT，MRI nDefinitive diagnosis：Demonstration of protoscolices or hydatid cysts in urine,sputum,ascites(腹水腹水),or by operation.nSerological examination for specific Ab or Cag 21nGlobal distribution of E.granulosa(black)and E.multilocularis(x Epidemiology22Epidemiology Northwest sheep-raising area;Morbidity in china：0.6%4.5%;Factors of prevalence:high resistance of eggs;close relationship between humans and dogs domestic animals and dogs23Definitive host Intermediate host蓄粪烧炕蓄粪烧炕24Treatment and controlnSurgical treatment nHydatid is often injected with sterilizing fluids to avoid“metastases”nChemotherapy ：Praziquatel and albendazole are effective for early small cysts.nControl of feral dogs,limit access of dogs to sheep offal,treat pet dogs regularly25(Echinococcus multilocularis)多房棘球绦虫多房棘球绦虫 Adult：mammals(fox)larval stage：human alveococcosis(泡球蚴病泡球蚴病,泡型包虫病泡型包虫病).26Echinococcus multilocularis-the fox tape wormn Ingestion of contaminated berries and mushrooms collected in forests with foxesnSylvatic zoonosis in Europe and northern AmericanFox：final hostnlife cycle similar to E.granulosus27E.granulosus&E.multilocularis28 hydatid cyst and alveolar cystEchinococcus granulosus Echinococcus multilocularis Slow development of cyst Rapid development of cyst Cysts have thick-walled chambers Cyst has thin-walled chambersSeparated by connective tissue Not separated by connective tissue Cyst is fluid filled Cyst is gelatinous filled 29nLiver original nHydatid grows like a sponge through entire livernSymptoms are serious and similar with liver cancern Metastases：in lung or brainnHigh mortalitynNo effective therapyEchinococcus multilocularis Pathogenesis30 EGranulosus E.multilocularis Length 27 mm 1.23.7 mm Scolex similar,with sucker,rosetellum and hooklets Segments 3 45 Metacestode hydatid cyst alveolar cyst IH sheep,yak,human rodent,yak,sheep,human DH dog(canidae)fox,wolf,dog31Questions:1.Why can you acquire human cysticercosis after ingestion of pork with T.Solium cysticercus?2.If you ingest some eggs of T.Solium,can you be diseased with human cysticercosis?If yes,why?Important words:tapeworm,cestoidea,cyclophylidea,scolex,proglotid,strobilus,peseudophyllidea,microthrix,calcareous corpuscle,monecious,plerocercoid,hydatid,hydatidosis,cysticercus,cysticercosis,oncosphere,procercoid,taeniasis32Thanks for your attention!
展开阅读全文