英语六级翻译及写作

1.中国学习英语的人口数量全球最多。数据显示，中国有4亿多人在学英语，约占全国总人口的1/3。目前，中国的小学，甚至幼儿园都开设英语课程。英语学习贯穿中国学生的整个学习生涯，英语是中国学生必须学习的一门科目。中国是世界上对英语学习最狂热的国家之一。“英语热”在中国的持续也引发了激烈的争论。很多人认为应该在高考中降低英语考试的分值，突出语文的重要性，让更多的人关注自己的母语。China has the largest population in learning English globally. Statistics show that over 400 millions people are learning English, accounting for one third of the total population in China. At present, elementary schools, even kindergartens, are offering English courses. English learning runs through the entire study process of Chinese students, and English is a subject every Chinese student must learn. China is one of the most enthusiastic countries in English learning, but the continuous English craze also triggers fierce debate. Many people think that the score for English exam in college entrance examination should be reduced and the subject of Chinese should be emphasized, intending to draw more peoples attention to their mother tongue.2红包（red envelope）在中国传统文化中指春节时长辈给小孩的作为礼物的钱。红包的主要意义在于红色，因为它象征好运和祝福。此外，还有一种红包，是由晚辈送给老人的，意在期盼老人长寿。现在的红包泛指包着钱的红色包装,用于喜庆时的馈赠礼金，如婚礼和新店开张等。有时也指奖金（bonus）或贿赂他人的钱。送红包和收红包是中国人的传统习俗，展现了中国人礼尚往来（reciprocal courtesy）的人际关系。世界上凡是有华人的地方，红包文化都赫然存在。In traditional Chinese culture, red envelope refers to a monetary gift which is given to children by the elder generation during the Spring Festival. The significance of red envelope lies in the red color, which symbolizes good luck and blessings. In addition, there is another type of red envelope presented by the younger generation to the elder generation, which reflects the wish of longevity for the elder generation. In a broad sense, the present red envelope refers to the red packet that contains money presented on some joyous occasions, for example, weddings and opening of new stores and so on. Sometimes, it also refers to the money of bonus or bribery. Presenting and receiving the red envelope is a traditional custom of Chinese, which displays an interpersonal relationship of reciprocal courtesy among Chinese. The red envelope culture exists obviously in places where Chinese people reside.3.中国是世界上最古老的文明之一，有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。中国在夏朝时开始进入了文明时代，创造了辉煌的科技和文化。指南针、火药、造纸术、印刷术是中国古代的四大发明，对世界文明和人类的进步做出了极大的贡献。中国的丝绸之路（the Silk Road）世界上最古老的贸易通道极大地促进了东西方文化的交流。长城、京杭大运河（grand canal）被誉为世界工程奇迹。此外，中国有着丰富多彩的传统文化和民间艺术，例如京剧、剪纸、风筝、刺绣（embroidery）、皮影戏（shadow play）等。As one of the oldest civilizations of the world, China has a long history and brilliant culture. After entering the era of civilization in the Xia Dynasty, China created glorious science and culture. The compass, gunpowder, paper-making and printing are considered to be the four great inventions of ancient China, which have contributed immensely to the civilization of the world and the progress of mankind. The Silk Road of China, the oldest trade route in the world, largely promoted the cultural exchange between the East and the West. The Great Wall and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal are honored as the engineering wonders in the world. Besides, China has colorful traditional culture and folk arts such as Beijing Opera, paper-cutting, kite, embroidery and shadow play.4高考，即全国高等教育入学考试（National Higher Education Entrance Examination），是中国大陆最有影响力的考试之一。合格的高中毕业生和具有同等学力（educational level）的学生每年可以参加一次考试。学生必考的（mandatory）科目为语文、数学和外语通常是英语，不同的省份的考试试卷各不相同。高考非常具有权威性，几乎所有大学都根据高考分数录取学生，因此，很多中国人把高考看作是决定人生的关键事务。近年来，人们越发关注高考体制，提出各种改革高考的建议。专家称改革高考录取制度是改革的根本。College entrance examination, also known as National Higher Education Entrance Examination, is one of the most influential examinations in mainland China. Qualified senior high school graduates and students with the same educational level can take the exam once a year. The three mandatory subjects are Chinese, Mathematics and foreign languageusually English and the test papers vary from province to province. College entrance examination is so authoritative that almost all the admissions made by the universities are based on students scores in the exam. Therefore, many Chinese regard it as a critical event in their life. In recent years, people pay more attention to the college entrance examination system and various proposals about its reform have been put forward. Experts claim that the fundamental reform of the examination lies in the university admission system.5. 互联网在中国被用于公共服务大约有二十年。目前，中国网民人数已经超过5.9亿。互联网在中国被广泛使用，已经渗透到了生活的各个方面。中国使用最多的互联网业务是电子邮件、新闻、搜索引擎、网页浏览、在线音乐、即时消息、在线娱乐等。互联网正逐步改变着人们的消费理念、娱乐方式、社交模式、以及思维方式。现在互联网信息技术比人类历史上的任何一项科学发明都更加深刻地影响着人们的生活。The Internet has been used for public service in China for about twenty years. So far, the number of Chinese Internet users over 590 million. Being widely used in China, the Internet has pervaded all aspects of life. The Internet businesses most frequently used by Chinese Internet users are email, news, search engine, web browsing, online music, instant message, online entertainment and so on. The Internet has been changing peoples consumption concept, ways of entertainment and socializing, as well as modes of thinking. Now the Internet information technology has been affecting peoples life more deeply than any other scientific invention in human history.6. 受到中国经济内部动力（dynamics）和外来压力的共同影响，人民币近几年来不断升值（appreciate）。内部影响主要有中国物价水平、通货膨胀状况、经济增长状况以及利率水平，外部影响主要来自发达国家施加的压力，尤其是日本和美国。人民币升值会增加人民币的购买力，扩大国内消费者对进口产品的需求，还可以减轻进口能源和原料的成本负担。但它会影响国内金融市场的稳定，使出口产品的成本上升，从而降低中国产品在国际市场上的竞争力。Influenced jointly by internal dynamics of Chinese economy and external pressures, RMB has appreciated constantly in recent years. The internal influences mainly include Chinas price level, the situations of inflation and economic growth, as well as interest rate level, while the external influences mainly come from the pressures exerted by developed countries, Japan and America in particular. The appreciation of RMB will not only increase its purchasing power and expand domestic consumers demands for imported goods, but also alleviate the cost burden of imported energies and raw materials. However, it may affect the stability of the domestic financial market and raise the cost of exported products, which would reduce the competitive power of Chinese products in the global market.7. 团购是一种新型的购物方式，顾名思义就是指很多人一起购买同一产品，旨在加大与卖方的谈判能力以获得优惠的购买价格。随着中国电子商务的繁荣和发展，网络团购在中国网民中流行起来，已经成为团购的主要形式。它方便、快捷、价格低、不受地域限制。目前中国的很多网站都在尝试做团购，并迅速发展起来，如聚划算（Juhuasuan）、糯米团（Nuomituan）等。据了解，网络团购的主要群体是中国大中城市的年轻人。Group buying is a new shopping mode which, as its name implies, means a large group of people buying the same product. It aims at enhancing buyers negotiation power with sellers to get a favorable price. With the prosperity and development of Chinese ecommerce, online group buying is popular among Chinese Internet users and has become the main form of group buying. It is convenient, fast, low in price and unrestrained by regions. Currently many websites in China are trying to launch group buying service and flourish quickly, such as Juhuasuan, Nuomituan. It is known that the majority of online group buyers are young people in large and medium-sized cities in China.8. 近年来,中国硕士研究生招收（recruitment）规模不断扩大，致使本科生报考硕士研究生的人数逐年增加。除了大学毕业生对学术的追求以及社会对高端人才（top-level talent）的需求增加外，就业压力大也是造成考研热（postgraduate craze）的关键因素。基于人才市场竞争日益激烈，工作岗位供不应求，很多大学生毕业后选择继续深造而不是就业。虽然考研热在某种程度上反映了社会需求，但是也给大学生带来了巨大的心理压力。因此，中国高校需向学生提供适当的就业指导。China is expanding its recruitment of postgraduates in recent years. As a result, the number of undergraduates taking graduate school entrance exam is increasing with each passing year. Besides college graduates，academic pursuit and the societys increasing demand for top-level talents, intense employment pressure is the key contributor to postgraduate craze. As the competition in the job market is increasingly fierce and supply of jobs fails short of demand, many college choose to further their study rather than enter the job market after graduation. Although postgraduate craze is to some extent an indication of social needs, it also brings enormous psychological stress to college students. Therefore, universities in China should provide students with prefer career guidance.9.随着计划生育政策(the family planning policy)的推行和家庭观念的改变，中国传统的家庭规模和结构发生了明显变化。一是独生子女家庭增多，家庭平均人口逐渐下降。二是家庭结构呈现出小型化(miniaturization)趋势，传统的大家庭逐渐被核心家庭取代。家庭规模与结构的变化，使家庭中的人际关系变得简单，成员之间的相互依赖性日益增强。但是，家庭规模和结构的变化也带来了一些负面影响，如中国的人口老龄化速度急剧上升，空巢家庭(empty-nest family)增加等。With the implementation of the family planning policy and the change of the concept of family, the size and structure of traditional Chinese families have undergone evident changes. One is that the number of one-child families increases, resulting in a gradual decrease in the average number of family members. Another is the miniaturization trend of the family structure, which leads to the traditional extended family being replaced by nuclear family. Changes in size and structure of households contribute to simple family relationship and increasing mutual dependence of family members. However, the changes also exert negative influences, such as a surge in the speed of population aging and the increasing number of the empty-nest families.10. 出国留学，一般指一个人到另一个国家继续接受教育的行为。出国留学能够丰富知识、开阔视野，同时也可以培养人的独立性。如今，中国已成为世界上最大的留学生生源国（source country）,从1978年至2012年, 中国的留学生大约有265万人。而且未来每年将以30%的速度继续增长。很多中国人担心这种持续的留学热会造成人才流失（brain drain）。但更多的人对此持乐观态度，认为随着全球化的推进，留学生将成为外国人了解中国的窗口，并在一定程度上有助于宣传中国的文化。Generally speaking, studying abroad refers to the act of pursuing education in another country. Studying abroad can not only enrich peoples knowledge and broaden their horizons but also cultivate their independence. Nowadays, China has already become the largest source country of overseas students. The number approximately reached 2.65 million from 1978 to 2012 and would increase continuously with a speed of 30% each year in the future. Many Chinese are worried about the continuous craze, for it may lead to brain drain. However, more people hold an optimistic attitude towards it, believing that with the development of globalization, these overseas students could serve as a window for foreigners to learn more about China and help publicize Chinese culture to some extent.写作：1. :富裕是人生的唯一目标?Is Becoming Rich the Only Goal of Life?As the saying goes, Money makes the mare go. Living in the contemporary society, more and more people are becoming money-oriented whether voluntarily or reluctantly. Sometimes, they should be reminded that becoming rich is not the only purpose of life.If one spends all his life pursuing nothing but money, he might live in a big house and drive a luxury car when he gets old. However, a persons material need is within limits. One cannot live in two houses and drive two cars at the same time. Neither should one take in two persons amount of food. Besides, peoples desire and ambition to make money could be infinite. More of money doesnt always make us happier. More of Money tends to make us used to that money and desirous of having even more of that.Therefore, we should look around and find other goals of life. For example, one can live a meaningful life by discovering his gift and making the best of it. One can also live a happy life by making more friends and building a joyful family.2. 毕业后的抉择Starting Career in a Big City or Small TownWant to be a small fish in a big pond or the other way round? Every graduate faces this question when he starts his career. Some prefer to stay in the big cities after graduation. To them, big cities mean more experiences, more opportunities to see the big world and more space for career development. At the same time, higher salary is another temptation.But some other graduates want to start in small towns. Even though there may not be many big companies, they can have a quieter and less competitive life. Another reason is they can be a big fish in a small pond. They can easily get the managements attention and may win promotion earlier.As far as I am concerned, I prefer to start in a big city like Shanghai. A good begin is half the battle, and in Shanghai I can find a job in a big company where I can meet people from different places and cultures. I will learn from them what I can not get from textbooks。3. 莎士比亚诞生400周年1)文学阅读在学习过程中发挥的作用(reading literature)2)阅读经典的重要性(classic);当代社会，还需要阅读经典吗?Literature is acknowledged as the most precious product of human civilization and wisdom, especially by our teachers. So they always ask their students to read as many as literary works. Just as the drawing shown above, a teacher gives a literary work to her student, saying: “Just think of it as if youre reading a long text-message.”It is of great significance for us to appreciate literature due to the following reasons. Firstly, a good literature can get you to know a life experience through the eyes of someone other than yourself. The more experience you gain, the more knowledgeable you are. Secondly, a good literature allows you to learn about history in a personalized way. The stories told in the works can act as mirrors and help you adjust your own behaviors. Lastly, a good literature is an effective way for relaxation. The beautiful and moving scenes shown in the literature are helpful for ones mental health.In short, literature is indispensable in our life. We, students, should catch our time to read more literatures.各市面向本市招生减少，面向外省招生人数增加1)文凭(diploma)、考证热(certificate craze)等相关话题2)勤奋在学习过程中的重要性(diligence)3)勤奋、努力(effort)能带来成功(success)互联网热点相关1) 互联网信息如何正确传播?(misinformation：错误信息; spread： 传播)2) 错误的互联网信息，带来的后果?(misleading：误导)3) 互联网科技方便了人们，但人们却变懒了(convenience：方便;dont intend to do sth：不再打算做某事;no longer feel like to do sth：不再愿意做某事)4) 人们对互联网、手机等过分依赖(smartphone：智能手机;overdependence：过分依赖)人生哲理1) 什么是信任?如何保持信任(maintain trust)?2) 人际关系处理需要的一些品质相关(friendly：友善;honesty, integrity：诚实;indifferent：冷漠不关心的;intimate：亲密的;密友)3) 成功需要的智慧和品质(persistence：坚持;分散成本，例：不把鸡蛋放在同一个篮子里)4) 优秀道德品质(例，不以外貌取人：appearance)4. 助学贷款的优势I am a college student from a farmers family in a mountaineous area. A year ago, I was admitted to a famous university. Before entering the university, I was told that the necessary expenses during my four yearsstudy would cost nearly fifty thousand yuan. My parents had collected all the money there was to collect, including the money bor rowed from their relatives, but it was hardly enough to meet the needs. Then, good news came that I could resort to the bank for a loan. I thought it was a good idea and so I did it.My decision was based on the following con sider ations: First, with the loan I can pay the tuition and support my life on the campus.Secondly, I dont have to depend on my parents who are always worrying about the enormous family expenditure.Thirdly, I will always have the pressure upon me which forces me to study the hard way.Fourthly, I have to live a very simple life and save every coin possible. To sooner liquidate the debt, I sometimes work as a home tutor, sometimes a door-to-door salesman, sometimes a restaur ant waiter.Fifthly, while doing part-time jobs, I have accumulated a lot of social experience, bitter sometimes, sweet occasionally, but happy all the time.I think the above are the advantages the loan from the bank has brought to me. They are beneficial not only to my studies at the university but also to my future career, because I firmly believe in the saying Harsh life produces a diligent and intelligent man.5.数字媒体Nowadays, digital media has permeated almost every aspect of our daily life. It is changing the way that individuals, especially young people, learn, play, socialize, and participate in the society.As a result, the function of digital media has turned into a major topic for the public. Some people pay tribute to its positive role as very convenient news sources, being available almost anywhere and anytime. While some people condemn the negative influence it has brought on privacy, morality, and independent thinking, which some people used to have and enjoy. And still others have been fighting between the merits and demerits of digital media for a final conclusion.In my view, digital media is good for us students as it introduces a new way of learning which encourages more interaction and participation rather than rote learning. Besides, digital media makes it easier to produce and share things.6.年轻人想当领导The Young Want to Be LeadersAn online survey conducted by the China Youth Daily shows that most young people (66.6%) want to be a leader, whether they serve in private companies or public sections* Only 4.8% say they are not interested in being a leader. This is especially comnionplace among people bom ia the 70s and 80s.Some people say it is a good phenomenon that the young want to be leaders. After all, it shows that the young have great ambitions which will inspire them to work hard. Others, however, think otherwise. They argue that it only reveals so many young people are chasing fame 如d fortune, a sign that is bad for the healthy development of the young and the whole society.Peisonallyj I believe the saying ICHe who doesnt want to be a general isnt a good soldier And, its encouraging that we still have many young people who seek power from a mere view of the good of the people. So, I dcmt think it anything wrong for the young desiring to have a position in the lead as long as they dont eye it as a shortcut to fame and fortune.7.如何让抉择Facing with choicesAs we all know, everyone has to make choices in life, whether it is about choosing a beautiful dress or finding a satisfying job. While some decisions are easy to make, others are tough calls and would put us in a dilemma.In order to make a decision that we will not regret, we should bear these two principles in mind: thinking before acting, and never missing any opportunities that arise. On the one hand, we should have an apparent, objective judgment about ourselves while maintaining a clear idea about the world around us. On the other hand, we should also realize that every individual is different, and one must take the factors of ones personal life into consideration. In addition, opportunity is hard-earned; we should take advantage of it just like the proverb states: Opportunities are only for the prepared minds.In my opinion, people must be both realistic and self-aware. Once a decision is made, we should seriously accept and pursue the path one has chosen, and strive towards the realization of ones goal with perseverance. Meanwhile, always remember that taking advantage of good opportunities will pave the way to success.