初中英语语法动名词和不定式

动名词不定式动名词动名词:doing动词不定式动词不定式:to do动词不定式和动名词动词不定式和动名词这这是每年中考的必考内容是每年中考的必考内容考点分析考点分析热身练习1.The old men enjoy _(listen)to the singing of the birds in the park.2.My sister is interested in _ in her free time.A.watch TV B.reading books C.listening music D.plays basketball3.Let me _(help)you _(water)the flowers.4.I saw him _ into the small store.A.went B.going C.to go D.has gone5.He is good at_.A.singing B.sing C.sings D.to sing动词不定式动词不定式:o肯定式肯定式:to doo否定式否定式:not to doo省略省略to的的:do 只能接不定式作宾语的动词只能接不定式作宾语的动词口诀：口诀：决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事决定想做计划需要同意，能做被用来做的事 decide to do sth.决定做某事决定做某事 want would like to do sth.想做某事想做某事 plan to do sth.计划做某计划做某 need to do sth.需要做某事需要做某事 agree to do sth.同意做某事同意做某事 afford to do 能做某事能做某事 be used to do 被用来做被用来做 迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事迫不及待下决心做过去常常未能做的事 cant wait to do 迫不及待地要做某事迫不及待地要做某事 make up ones mind to do 下决心做某事下决心做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事过去常常做某事 fail to do 未能做某事未能做某事 接不定式作宾语补足语的动词接不定式作宾语补足语的动词口诀：口诀：请求与命令请求与命令 想要邀请期待鼓励与建议想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助答应告诫允许提醒和帮助请求与命令请求与命令 ask sb.to do sth.请求某人做某事请求某人做某事 tell sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事命令某人做某事想要邀请期待鼓励与建议想要邀请期待鼓励与建议 want sb.to do sth.想要某人做某事想要某人做某事 invite sb.to do sth.邀请某人做某事邀请某人做某事 expect sb.to do sth.期待某人做某事期待某人做某事 encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 advise sb.to do sth.建议某人做某事建议某人做某事 答应告诫允许提醒和帮助答应告诫允许提醒和帮助 promise sb.to do 答应某人做某事答应某人做某事 warn sb.to do sth.告诫某人做某事告诫某人做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事 help sb.(to)do sth.帮助某人做某事帮助某人做某事 省略省略to的情况的情况:o 使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看使役动词和感官动词后：一感二听三让四看feel/hear,listen to/let,make,have,/look at,see,watch,noticeo had better（not）do sth.最好最好(不不)做做o why not/why dont you do sth为什么不为什么不做做?o help sb.（to）do stho Would rather宁愿做宁愿做o would you please情态动词情态动词+do助动词助动词+do区分下列词组区分下列词组:see sb.doing/do sth.hear sb.doing/do sth.watch sb.doing/do sth.notice sb.doing/do sth.感官动词感官动词 see,watch,look at,notice,hear,listen to,feel+do表示动作的完整性，表示动作的完整性，+doing 表示动作的进行性。表示动作的进行性。注意：被动语态中不能省去注意：被动语态中不能省去to。形式形式:o不定式：不定式：to+动词原形动词原形 o动名词：动词原形动名词：动词原形+ing不受人称和数的限制不受人称和数的限制 动词动词+doing 介词介词+doing doing动名词动名词只能接只能接-ing作宾语的动词作宾语的动词口诀：口诀：喜欢花费喜欢花费,忙着想象忙着想象,忍不住想要结束练忍不住想要结束练习习 错过建议错过建议,保持介意保持介意,值得考虑值得考虑（押韵）（押韵）喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习喜欢花费忙着想象忍不住想要结束练习 enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事喜欢做某事 spend.doing sth.花费花费做某事做某事 be busy doing sth.忙于做忙于做 imagine sb.doing sth.想象想象做某事做某事 cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事忍不住做某事 feel like doing sth.想要做某事想要做某事 finish doing sth.完成做某事完成做某事 practice doing sth.练习做某事练习做某事 miss doing sth.错过做某事错过做某事 suggest doing sth.建议做某事建议做某事 keep(on)doing sth.保持（继续）做某事保持（继续）做某事 mind doing sth.介意做某事介意做某事 be worth doing sth.值得做某事值得做某事 consider doing sth.考虑做某事考虑做某事错过建议保持介意值得考虑错过建议保持介意值得考虑 介词介词+doing 常考介词常考介词:at,in,on of,off,for,from up,about,without to 等等等等 be good at doing sth 擅长做某事擅长做某事 be interested in doing sth.对做某事感兴趣对做某事感兴趣 insist on doing 坚持做某事坚持做某事 be used for doing sth.被用来做某事被用来做某事 thank sb.for doing sth.谢谢某人做某事谢谢某人做某事 be tired of doing sth.厌烦做某事厌烦做某事 be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事害怕做某事 put off doing 推迟做某事推迟做某事stop sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事放弃做某事without doing sth.没有做某事没有做某事think about doing sth.考虑做某事考虑做某事What How about doing 做某事怎么样做某事怎么样?此此to 非彼非彼to look forward to doing sth.（盼望）（盼望）pay attention to doing sth.（注意）（注意）be used to doing sth.（习惯于）（习惯于）prefer doing sth to doing sth.（更喜欢）（更喜欢）devote to doing sth （致力于）（致力于）make a contribution to doing（做贡献）（做贡献）牛刀小试牛刀小试1.My mother often asks me _ some cleaning on Sundays A do B.does C.did D.to do 2.Do you often hear John _in his room?Listen!Now we can hear him _ in his room.A.sing,to sing B.sing,sing C.sing,singing D.to sing,singing 3.I watched her _ in the next room last night.A.dancing B.to dance C.dances D.dance4.Lets _swimming after the exam.A.go B.goes C.to go D.went5.Youd better _a bus.A.to catch B.catch C.catches D.catching小试牛刀小试牛刀1.Now more and more people are busy_ about the Internet.A.learn B.to learn C.learning D.learned 2.-Its too hot.Would you mind _the door?-_.Please do it.A.to open;OK B.opening;Certainly not C.opening;Of course D.to open;Good idea 3.No matter how hard it is,well keep_until we make it.A.failed B.failing C.tried D.trying 4.-Are you enjoying_in Ningbo?-Yes,we are.Very much.A.to live B.living C.lives D.lived 5 We couldnt help _(laugh)after we heard the funny story 特殊词精讲特殊词精讲:to do doing remember forger(do在后在后)要做要做（do在前）做过在前）做过stop go on（两个字）两件事（两个字）两件事（一个字）一件事（一个字）一件事likehatelove一次性一次性 长期长期 try 尽力做尽力做 尝试做尝试做 startbegin一样一样 一样一样 stop doing/to dostop to do停下来去做另一件事，停下来去做另一件事，stop doing停止正在做的某事。停止正在做的某事。Eg:他们停下来吸烟。他们停下来吸烟。They stop to smoke.我必须戒烟了我必须戒烟了 I must stop smoking.forget to do忘记要去做某事，忘记要去做某事，forget doing忘记做过某事。忘记做过某事。Eg：办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作没有做关灯的动作The light in the office is still on.He forgot to turn it off.他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）He forgot turning the light off.forget doing/to do remember doing/to doremember to do 记得去做某事记得去做某事remember doing记得做过某事记得做过某事记着放学后去趟邮局。记着放学后去趟邮局。Remember to go to the post office after school.你不记得以前见过那个人吗你不记得以前见过那个人吗?Dont you remember seeing the man before?go on doing/to dogo on to do做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，go on doing继续做原来做的事。继续做原来做的事。Eg：做完数学后，他接着去做物理。做完数学后，他接着去做物理。After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics.做完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习做完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习Go on doing other exercises after you have finished this one.try doing/to do sth.try to do sth.努力努力,尽力做某事尽力做某事Although maths is difficult,I will try to study it.try doing sth.试着做某事试着做某事The machine couldnt work.Lets try repairing it.拓展精练拓展精练1.Martin looks so well.Weve never seen him _ so well before.A.is looked B.is looking C.to look D.look2.My father has decided _ because smoking is bad for his health.A.to stop to smoke B.to stop smoking C.stopping smoking D.stop to smoke3 It is kind _ me to carry these books.A.of you helping B.for you to help C.of you to help D.for you helping4 Would you like _ some bread or biscuits?No thanks.I dont feel like anything now.A.to have,eating B.to have,to eat C.having,to eat D.having,eating 5.Do you remember me,Tom?Ah,yes,I remembered _ you in JUSCO last year.A.see B.sees C.to see D.seeingHomework1.We are interested in _ to swim.A.study B.studying C.learn D.learning2.My grandfather wants _around the world because he enjoys _new places.A.traveling,seeing B.to travel,to see C.to travel,seeing D.traveling,to see3.Jack gives me a piece of paper_.A.to write B.to write on C.to write at D.to write in 4.Lets make a fire _ ourselves up.A.to warm B.warming C.warm D.warmed5.When I was walking in the field,I saw a plane _over my head.A.flew B.flies C.flying D.fling