资源描述
英文翻译19Energy Management System of Admixture Electricity-generating1. One preface The admixture that wind force and solar cells generate electricity to constitute generates electricity the system and is called the breeze/ light to repair the system with each other, all having some common weakness because of the breeze and solar energies, such as the energy density low, the stability is bad and is subjected to the weather influence not to continue, have the strong weak conjugation, solar energy of seasonal to interrupted etc. day and night. Be generate electricity by the wind force and solar energy respectively to the power supply, the credibility of its power supply lowers consumedly.The wind energy, solar energy has to repair sex with each other certainly, if the sun light of daytime is strong, the night breeze is many, the summer sunshine good, the breeze is weak; The spring stanza breeze of winter is strong but the sunlight is opposite weaker. Develop the wind force a solar energy to supply again to give or get an electric shock the system with each other, take into wind force and the solar energy techniques to synthesize the exploitation, thus constitute a kind of repair with each other of can scatter the new energy that cloth order, will is a new growth to order in this energy structure of century. Have the condition pass the storage battery of match the appropriate capacity or connect into the city to give or get an electric shock the conduct and actions back up power supply, can make circulate the expenses to lower consumedly, huge exaltation of the credibility of the power supply.Local mainly generate electricity to independent wind power, the light currently and the breeze a light supplies again the research of the electricity control system with each other more. In design the breeze a light generate electricity system, the design way of thinking of the widespread adoption according to load everyday total to consume the electricity quantity, and radiate the quantity from the day that the local weather data get to the capacity of the certain solar cell array, the wind power machine, then come certain can the renewable energy generate electricity the power and the storage battery capacities of control the devices, but at mix with the movement of generate electricity the system control and excellent turn the research of manage the method less. Because the exportation power and the burden powers of the breeze electrical engineering set, the solar cell array is affect by the outside factor, changing the scope to compare greatly, as a result turned the energy of generate electricity the system management to also put forward the higher request towards control and excellently. This text aims at the movement efficiency and credibilitys that the characteristics of the system movement designs one energy management system( energy management system, brief name EMS) to raise the system.2. composing of the systemsThis text with the south science and engineering university dispersion type wind force a solar energy of the new energy center admixture generates electricity the system for study the view, the structure diagram of the system, such as 2 1 of figure 1 show:May known by the chart 2-1, the system includes following several parties:The wind power machine and its controller: Total 15KW / sets of the biggest exportation power of the breeze machine, the wind force machine generates electricity the controller to make the wind force machine been placed in the biggest power to output the appearance always.Solar cell and its electricity generation controller: The altogether 5 groups, solar cell each group of peaks tile 3 k W, the solar energy electricity generation controller causes the solar cell array throughout to be at the maximum work rate output condition. The data collects the system:( the data acquires the system, the brief name DAS)Used for the electric voltage, the load power that collects to examine the solar cell exportation power, the wind power machine to output the power, the system direct current part, and circulate the relevant information to the system that collect, providing the energy management system to carry on the analytical processing. The energy manages the system: collect each function of system unit movement parameter that system provide according to the data, carry out the valid management to the system and controls. Buffer electric capacity: carry out parts of electric voltages of the system direct current steady. Load and inversion: The new energy center load classification, a kind of load is a load which the energy center work and the experiment must guarantee; Two kind of loads are the electrical energies which energy center ancillary facilities and so on greenhouse control needs, when the renewable energy output electrical energy has the unnecessary energy, only then invests load. The system load and the direct component connection is, the direct current side which realizes through the inversion after PWM inversion, transforms for the voltage is constant, the profile good exchange electrical energy, provides for the load. The city gives or get an electric shock the controller: When can the electricity that renewable energy provide can satisfy a load of system need, giving or get an electric shock from the city to make the complement; namely chase the city to give or get an electric shock the conduct and actions back up power supply, pass combine the net controller to control the devotion and the excision of the city electricity.In the wind power, the solar energy and the load constitution electricity generation, uses electricity in the system, as a result of the wind speed, the sunshine intensity and other climatic conditions changes, the wind electrical machinery, the solar cell array output and the load power all has comparatively wide range the undulation, thus set the very high request to the energy management system management system.This article in view of is being constructed a South China technical University new energy center disperser -like wind power solar energy mix generating system, has designed an energy management system management system, according to the system electricity generation, the load uses electricity the condition, the management system management system power supply pattern, nimbly adjusts each part to supply the electric quantity the proportion. The energy management system management system is bigger than the load demand when the renewable energy, shuts off the partial solar energies, the wind electrical machinery; When the renewable energy cannot satisfy the basic load request, in fully uses the renewable energy under the premise, is insufficient partially carries on the suitable supplement by the city electricity, takes the system the biggest load is 750 kW.In the power supply system, the system electricity generation and the load active power balance, is the system safe stable movement essential condition. Because the system load is provides by the Divulgate after the inversion, the DC voltage stable direct influence system provides the electrical energy to the load the quality, takes the system direct currentvoltage in here to control for the system the quantity, and takes its operating region is 192 V - 240V, chooses 216 V for the direct component rated voltage. In order to does not make the system the structure too to be complex, processing did not consider in here to the accumulator cell. Namely energy management system management system structure drawing like chart 2 2 show:, and difference for female line electric voltage, exportable and biggest power in the wind force machine, exportable and biggest power, system in the solar cell array of the direct current of the system a the type load the power and two loads needed need of power; and output to make use of the coefficient and the solar cell arrays to output the utilization for the wind force machine of the system with respectively, namely count to amount it with the wind force machine for the set that the wind force machine be in use than, for the number and the solar energy array set total amount that the solar energy array be in use than. Take 、0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1， and mean the number that the set number and the solar cell arrays that the wind force machine be in use be in use respectively; 和 give or get an electric shock the switch control to change the quantity for the city respectively and two the types load of provide the rate, this text define、for the switch function, take the value 0 or 1; Whenmean that the charged barbed wire net connects into the admixture to generate electricity the system, 0 mean that the charged barbed wire net generates electricity the system from the admixture to cut off; mean that two loads connect into the admixture to generate electricity the system devotion work, = 0 mean that two loads generate electricity the system excision from the admixture.Aim at the characteristics of the system movement, draw up the following design rule:(1)Rule aA power of the breeze electrical engineering capacity that constitutes to mix with to generate electricity the system is more and greatly, as a result the choice regard a power supply of the breeze electrical engineering as principle, the solar cell array is the energy tiny adjust the part.(2)Rule two According to the system work characteristic, takes the direct current side terminal voltage expected value is 216 V, when the renewable energy may output the maximum work rate is bigger than the load request, the renewable energy to the electrical network does not transport the electrical energy.(3)Rule three Takes when here the direct current generator voltage is lower than 192 V, through incorporates the controller to put through the electrical network, by the city electricity supplemented the load needs the short partial electrical energies, and the incorporation controller which the chapter introduced by this article behind causes the direct current generator voltage to maintain 192 V, namely When attracts 200 V, closure incorporation controller, then = 0(4)Rule four Two loads are several: Generate electricity the system for the admixture in the electric power that the assistance facilities need, when can the renewable energy exportation electric power contain surplus of energy, the load that just throw in.In two kind of loads working condition, its load power examination has not been more difficult, in order to avoid two kind of loads frequently throwing ; This article according to the system the load disposition situation, supposes two kind of loads maximum works reties , when+Circulate two load devotions, namely 1(5)Rule five In order to enhance the system direct component voltage the stability, when attracts 230 V, automatically two kind of loads investments movement, namely 1 When 240 V, the automatic excision all renewable energy electric power facility carries on the power supply to the direct current generator, namely =0，1Inputs the multi- outputs, the change complex characteristic in view of the system, this system uses in the intelligent control the fuzzy control technology (Fuzzy Control, is called FC) to realize to the system carries on the management and the control; Studied and has designed one kind based on the graduation fuzzy control (Hierarchical Fuzzy Control, was called HFC) the algorithm energy management system management system.3. Misty controlsThe fuzzy set with the fuzzy control concept is by American University of California famous Professor L. A. Z a d e h in it Fuzzy Sets，Fuzzy Algorithm and Rationale for Fuzzy Control and so on famously discusses center first was proposing one kind is completely different with the traditional mathematics and the control theory intelligent theory. Its production not only developed the broad classical mathematics foundation, moreover was causes the computer science to simulate the significant breakthrough which the human thought aspect developed.The faintness gather to come out the persons judgment, the thinking process with the direct expression of more simple language and mathematics forms. The mode of thinking that makes complicated system press mankind carry on operation and processings make possible, lay the foundation for the formation of the misty controller, and get the scholar of the international community and the engineering technical personnels extensive value and applications.The fuzzy control through the fuzzy set with the logical inference method persons experience formalization, the simulation, turns the control model and the language which the computer may accept, lets the computer replace the person to carry on the effective real-time control. Fuzzy controller composition diagram like chart 2 - 3 showIt include: The importation quantity faintness turns to connect, knowledge base( database and the rule database), reason logically the machine to reach agreement the faintness to connect.(1)The faintness turns to connectThe importation of the misty controller is usually certain quantity, must after faintness turn change into the language that controller know or change the quantity then can be use by the controller, the faintness turns to connect is to convert the certain importation quantity as the faintness to measure, it is also the importation of the misty controller to connect.(2)Knowledge base The knowledge base description form mainly has two kinds of: Database and rule database. Database is deposits all importations and output to change to measure of all misty son gather of belong to one degree relation of vector value; If in order to continue the area, the theory area database then for belong to the function correspond.The regular storehouse is the operator which and has the rich experience based on the expert knowledge acts according to the long-term accumulation the experience, according to persons intuition inference one language expression form. Most commonly used is if -then, else, also, or and so on, like 2 Uyghur fuzzy inference rule maybe represented asR: If (deviation is a; Bad rate of change is b;) Then (control measures is c;)The rule database is to is use to deposit all misty control rules, while reason logically provide the inferential basis for reason logically the machine.(3)Reason logically to reach agreement the faintness to connectWhile reason logically, the controller reasons logically the machine according to the misty quantity that input, controlling the rule through the faintness to solve the faintness to relate to the square distance, obtaining the misty control quantity of the misty controller. From reason logically the amount of control that machine acquire and is a misty vector, cant be use directly to control to be control object, must still convert the certain control measure, we be called this process to solve the faintness or faintnesses to measure clear to turn. Usually reason logically and the exportation carries to have to convert the misty quantity as clear value of process be called the solution faintness.4. Designs of the This article designs the wind can a solar energy mix generating system structure diagram like chart 2 - 6 show For the sake of the exaltation can the exploitation efficiency of the renewable energy, under the condition that wind energy and solar energies can satisfy to load the request, the load then is provide by the wind energy and solar energy the demanding energy; At the wind energy and solar energies cant satisfy the load request, at making use of well can the foundation of the renewable energy up, the load is provided together by the wind energy, solar energy and charged barbed wire nets the demanding energy.May know by the system structure drawing, the system direct current generator voltage change direct influence system provides the electrical energy to the load the quality and the reliability, thus the stable DC voltage is the system operational reliability and a performance important target. Takes the system direct current generator voltage for to control the quantity, 2 - 6 may result in the system by chart 2 the mathematical model:Among themfemale line electric voltage of direct current, the wind power equips the exportation electric current, the solar energy generates electricity to equip the exportation electric current, the system transport the load get electric current, the charged barbed wire net transports to give or get an electric shock the direct current the part get electric current, an electric capacity of Cdirect current.The usual renewable energy electric power facility investment is bigger, in order to fully displays its electricity generation the efficiency, reduces system cost the recycling cycle, the electric power facility uses the maximum work rate output for the control goal. Supposes each wind-driven generator and each group of solar cell arrayal works in peak power output condition, wind power generation and solar energy electric power facility output total output distinction isand , system to its use factor distinctionand, then (2 - 3) the formula may rewrite is System structure drawing like chart 2 - 7 show:May know by the 2-7 chart, the system input value are more, in view of a wind power solar energy mix generating system characteristic, uses the graduation fuzzy control in here us the strategy to come to the system to carry on the control, and designs four level of graduation fuzzy controllers to realize to mixes the generating system to carry on thee energy management and the control.System structure drawing like chart 2 - 8 show:The burden of the system is to be provided directly by the direct current electric power and through go against to change the machine exportation, the stability of the direct current electric voltage becomes direct influences is a system to output the exchanges electric power quantity, stability and dependable key factors. As a result the choice direct current is part of physically the direct current electric voltage measure with the direct current electric voltage variety, be the first degree importation of the system, output for the direct current electric voltage etc. the effect be worth is a comprehensive direct current electric voltage measure with the direct current electric voltage variety , get future appearance. Substantially, it reflected the system on the current direct current electric voltage foundation, if dont change the control quantity, then next sample the estimate value of the time direct current side electric voltage is, because of before next adoption period arrival, the exportation control of the system quantity, was reason logically by faintness personal occurrence change, as a result define here be worth for the etc. effect of parts of electric voltages of the system direct current.Second degree with the first degree outputs direct current electric voltage etc. the effect valueand burden be that class importation of the misty controller, outputtake for load the opposite system energy load strength: is a comprehensive burden and load the direct current electric voltage etc. the effect be worth get of a three change the quantity. When big in expect to be worth, the energy that the system burden need is in addition to from can renewable energy in addition to provide, still having a part to need to be kept the ability component electric
展开阅读全文