Ving做主语和宾语

GrammarWhat does he often do in his spare time?He enjoys listening to violin music,playing mah-jong,swimming and reading.Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.object subject 1:Since then,finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.2:As a young man,he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.3 Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.4 However,he doesnt care about being famous.subjectobjectobjectobject5:He enjoys listening violin music,playing mah-jong,swinmming and reading.6:Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means cery little to him.7:Just dreaming for things,however,costs nothing.8:Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.objectsubjectsubjectobject一作主语（一作主语（subject）动名词做主语往往表示经动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作常性、习惯性的动作,在口语中也可以表示具体在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。的动作。直接置于句首直接置于句首1)读书增长我们的知识读书增长我们的知识.Reading books widens our knowledge2)学习新单词对我来说非常重要。学习新单词对我来说非常重要。Learning new words is very important for me3)说比做容易。说比做容易。Talking is easier than doing.4)和你一起工作是一种乐趣。和你一起工作是一种乐趣。Working with you is a pleasure.Ving as subject and object 如果如果V-ing 有自己的逻辑主语，形式为有自己的逻辑主语，形式为1.my/his/her.+doing2.名词名词s+doing3.me/him/us.+doing4.名词名词+doingToms being late made Mr Smith angry.His being late made Mr Smith angry.Would you mind my/me smoking?Would you mind Toms/Tom smoking?主语主语宾语宾语用形式主语用形式主语it，把真正的主语，把真正的主语ing形式移置句尾。形式移置句尾。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语的只能是某些形容词或少数名词。是某些形容词或少数名词。和和Nike争辩是没有什么用的。争辩是没有什么用的。It is useless arguing with Nike跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。跟你在一起工作是令人愉快的。It is pleasant working with you 常用常用v-ing作主语的句型有：作主语的句型有：It is useless doing It is pleasant doing It is a waste of time doing It is no good/use doing It is worth/worthwhile doing 在在there be no+v-ingthere be no+v-ing结构中作主语结构中作主语 这事不是开玩笑的。这事不是开玩笑的。There is no joking about the matter.其他其他常见类似句型：常见类似句型：V-ing 做宾语做宾语There is no sense in doing sth.做做没有道理没有道理There is no point（in）doing sth 做做没有意义没有意义There is nothing worse than doing sth没有比没有比更糟糕的更糟糕的没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。没有比考试不及格更糟糕的事情了。There is nothing worse than_.考试作弊没有任何意义。考试作弊没有任何意义。There is no point _ in the exam.failing in the examin cheating 注意：注意：There is no need to do sth 干、干、没必要，在此句式中没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换为不可换为doing.没有必要告诉她。没有必要告诉她。There is no need to tell her.The girl practices playing violin every evening.These days he is considering changing his job.He admitted making a serious mistake.I havent succeeded in persuading him.The wolf dreams of catching sheep.dream of 二二.V-ing作宾语（作宾语（object）的用法）的用法 1作介词宾语作介词宾语(object of preposition)eg:As a young man,he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.在下面的短语中，常用在下面的短语中，常用v-ing形式做介词的形式做介词的宾语：宾语：be good at,care about,feel like,devote to，object to，pay attention to，get down to，lead to,look forward to，stick to，be used to,be tired of,be fond of,be afraid of,be proud of,insist on,give up等等Eg:However,he doesnt care about being famous.2:做动词的宾语做动词的宾语(object of verb)(1)有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如作宾语。如admit,appreciate,avoid，cant stand（不能忍受）（不能忍受）,consider，delay,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,forgive,give up,imagine，keep，mention,mind,miss（错过）（错过）,practice,put off,suggest.eg:The boy admitted being careless.Would you mind opening the door?I cant avoid going.常跟动词常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀作宾语的动词歌诀:考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想，避免错过继续练，否认完成想要赏，不禁介意准逃亡，不准冒险凭想象。consider,suggest/advise,look forward to,excuse,pardon,forgiveadmit,delay/put off/postpone,fancy avoid,miss,keep/keep on,practice deny,finish,feel like,enjoy/appreciate cant help,mind,allow/permit,escape forbid,risk,imagine cant help doing avoid doingWe cant avoid sleeping for we are so tired.(2).在在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接后直接跟跟V-ing作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成则构成“allowadviseforbidpermit 名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）”之之形式。如：形式。如：We dont allow smoking here We dont allow anybody to smoke here (3).动词动词need,require,want意为意为“需要需要”时，时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：语，意义没有区别。如：The window needsrequireswants cleaningto be cleanedYour hair wants cutting.The floor requires washing.4.在在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别可，意义没有多大区别(接不定式多指具体动接不定式多指具体动作，动名词多指一般行为作，动名词多指一般行为)。我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影。我喜欢看书，但是我现在想看电影。I like ，but now I like .readingto see a film 5.动词动词forget,go on,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,be used to,cant help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大:remember doing 记得做过某事记得做过某事remember to do 记住要做某事记住要做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事forget to do 忘记要做某事忘记要做某事 regret doing 后悔做了某事后悔做了某事regret to do 很遗憾要做某事很遗憾要做某事go on doing 继续做原来做的事继续做原来做的事go on to do 接着做另一件事接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事意味着要做某事mean to do 想要做某事想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始停下来（别的事）开始 做某事做某事try doing 试着做某事试着做某事try to do 努力做某事努力做某事be used to doing 习惯于做某事习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事被用来做某事cant help doing 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事cant help to do 不能帮助做某事不能帮助做某事【考例】Lets have a rest Not nowI dont want to stop _ yet A.study B.to study C.for studying D.studying 解析：解析：stop studying意为意为“停止学习停止学习”。Let me tell you something about the journalists Dont you remember _ me the story yesterday？A.told B.telling C.to tell D.to have told 解析解析:remember telling me意为意为“记得曾经告诉过我记得曾经告诉过我”。1.It took the workmen only two hours to finish _ my car.A.repairing B.repair C.to repair D.repairedExcersice2.Have you forgotten _$1000 from me last month?Will you please remember _ it tomorrow?A.borrowing;to bring B.to borrow;bring C.borrowed;bringing D.borrowing;bringing3.The classroom wants _.A.clean B.cleaned C.to clean D.cleaning4.Jack said that he wouldnt mind _ for us.A.to wait B.wait C.waiting D.waited5.My brother keeps _ me with my work.A.to help B.help C.helping D.helped6.We should often practise _ English with each other.A.to speak B.spoke C.speak D.speaking7.Keep on _ and you will succeed.A.a try B.try C.triing D.trying8.His parents insist on _ to college.A.he should go B.he go C.his going D.him to go9.The story was so funny that we _.A.couldnt help laugh B.cant but laugh C.couldnt help laughing D.couldnt help but to laugh10.Though it sounds a bit too dear(昂昂贵贵),it is worth _.A.being bought B.buying C.to buy D.buying it11.He devoted his life to _ the atomic theory.A.study B.be studied C.studying D.have studied12.We are both looking forward to _ next week.A.going on vocation(休假休假)B.go on vocation C.be going on vocation D.have gone on vocation13.You must pay attention to _ the works of Lu Xun.A.read B.reading C.reader D.be read14.You should work tonight instead of _ TV.A.to watch B.you watching C.you watch D.watching15.The microscope is used for_ minute(微小的微小的)objects.A.examining B.being examined C.examined D.examine16.Mike has got used _ up late at night.(stay up)A.to sit B.X C.to sitting D.sitting17.Once the heart stops _,death follows at once.A.beating B.to beat C.being beaten D.to be beating18.We are now busy _ for the examination.A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.being prepared19.I remembered _ this person somewhere before.A.seeing B.having been seen C.seen D.to see20.I regret _ that to her.A.saying B.to have said C.to say D.X