初中定语从句课件

初中定语从句讲解,雪绒花,雪绒花雪绒花每天清晨迎接我你洁白又鲜艳看见你我多快乐我愿你永远开放可爱的雪绒花请为我故乡永远吐露芬芳,雪绒花雪绒花每天清晨迎接我你洁白又鲜艳看见你我多快乐我愿你永远开放可爱的雪绒花请为我故乡永远吐露芬芳,music.我愿你永远开放可爱的雪绒花请为我故乡永远吐露芬芳-end-,A matching game！,Match the two sentences 1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. _ 2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. _ 3.I dont like the man. He is smoking. _ 4.Where is the picture? You bought it last week. _,Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gates.,He is a teacher who/ that teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man who is smoking.,Where is the picture that you bought last week?,什么是定语从句呢？,结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子,用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl who has long hair.,关系代词,关系副词,which, who, whom, whose, that,Where, when,关系词,关系代词: that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词: when, where, why,关系代词： 指物：that which 指人：who (主/宾格) that whom（宾格）,定语从句的用法:,当先行词是物时, 用which 或that引导.,These are the trees which were planted last year.,当先行词是人时, 用who, whom, whose, that引导.,who, whom, whose, that用法区别.,who 作定语从句的主语或宾语.,The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker.,The man is a worker.,The man is speaking at the meeting.,分解,作主语,Whom 作定语从句的宾语,The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.,The woman is a teacher.,They wanted to visit the woman.,分解,作宾语,whose 作定语从句的定语.,I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.,分解,I know the girl.,The girls mother is a teacher.,作定语,This is a dream. The dream will never come true.,This is a dream which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found. The dog was lost.,The dog which was lost has been found.,Practise: This is the house which is for sale. 2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.,which / that 作主语. (不能省),（作主语）,which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略）,This is the card. Ive just received the card.,This is the card which / that Ive just received.,Practise: This is the mistake which /that I always make. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. I lost the pen which my father bought me.,( ),（作宾语）,who / that 作主语. (不能省),This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主语),The boy who broke the window is called Roy. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.,/ that,who / whom / that 作宾语：( 可省略),The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now.,The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. (作宾语）,The boy who(m) I m looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night.,The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.,小结： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,who 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,只能用 that , 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种：,当先行词是all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , everybody,nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 Eg: Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked. 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 Eg: That is the most interesting book that I have ever read. The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.,3. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same等修饰时。Eg: Thats the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4. 当主句以 who 或 which开头时，定语从句的关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. Eg: Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ? 5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. Eg: The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.,只能用which,不用that的情况(1)“介词关系代词”可以引导限制性定语从句， 也可以引导非限制性定语从句。 介词关系代词结构中的介词是in,on,about,from,for,with,toat,of,without等,关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that。 Eg:Isthatthehouseinwhichyoulive? (2)像listento,lookat,takecareof等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。Eg:Thisistheboywhomshehastakencareof.,例句赏析,Its an invention which /that is used for keeping off the rain .,飘,Its a book that/which was written by Margaret Mitchell.,Gone with the wind,Its the Wall that /which was built by Chinese people.,Exercise 1 :用关系代词填空,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister. I hate people _ talk much but do little. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather. 6. Is there a student _ father is a business man? 7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,Exercise 2.,My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember. Say all _ you know. Is there anything _ I can do for you?,that,that,that,当先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.,4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here. 5. This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,that,当先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree? 7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that.,that,that,关系副词： when/ where/why,when 作时间状语: She will never forget the day. She was married on that day.,She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.,It was the year. The World War I broke out in the year.,It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.,When = 介词 + which,where 作地点状语,I want to know the place. I was born there.,I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.,The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.,where = 介词 + which,why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.,That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.,I know the reason why he said it.,why = for which,Thank You,