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2014年职称英语卫生类A级考前押题(二)第一部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1、 The conclusion can be deduced from the premises.A.arguedB.derivedC.permittedD.come2、 I can no longer tolerate his actions.A.put up withB.acceptC.takeD.suffer from3、 Our plan is to allocate one member of staff to handle appointments.A.askB.persuadeC.assignD.order4、 She has been the subject of massive media coverage.A.extensiveB.negativeC.responsiveD.explosive5、 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs.A.supplyB.reachC.provideD.meet6、 The index is the governments chief gauge of future economic activity.A.measureB.opinionC.methodD.decision7、 Its sensible to start any exercise program gradually at first.A.workableB.reasonableC.possibleD.available8、 A lot of people could fall ill after drinking contaminated water.A.boiledB.pollutedC.mixedD.sweetened9、 You have to be patient if you want to sustain your position.A.maintainB.betterC.acquireD.support10、 She stood there, trembling with fear.A.jumpingB.cryingC.movingD.shaking11、 The food is insufficient for three people.A.instantB.infiniteC.inexpensiveD.inadequate12、 Thousands of people perished in the storm.A.diedB.sufferedC.floatedD.scattered13、 But in the end he approved of our proposal.A.undoubtedlyB.certainlyC.ultimatelyD.necessarily14、 For young children, getting dressed is a complicated business.A.strangeB.complexC.personalD.funny15、 In Britain and many other countries, appraisal is now a tool of management.A.evaluationB.productionC.efficiencyD.publicity第二部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Cosmetic SurgerySurgery that can improve the way a person looks is becoming more and more popular in the United States. This kind of surgery is called cosmetic surgery, and both men and women are turning to this treatment as a way of keeping their appearance young as well as keeping competitive (有竞争力的) in their jobs. Men especially are beginning to turn to face-lifts (面部拉皮手术), liposuction (taking fat out of the body), and implants (putting artificial, parts into their bodies) to help them look younger. As companies downsize (缩编) and move younger employees into higher positions, older employees in their late forties and early fifties feel the need to look and act younger in order to stay competitive. These operations are not without dangers, however.One young woman had an eye operation to get rid of the bags under her eyes. She described her experience as terrible. She said, When he started cutting, I was fully awake. Even though hed given me an injection near my eyes, I saw everything. She went on to explain, 1 knew I had to keep still because of what he was doing. He was scraping (刮) away fat underneath my eyes. It took about ten minutes. After he finished, I felt I couldnt walk. I was so faint. Her troubles did not end after the operation for two weeks. Her eyes were swollen (肿胀的) and almost completely closed, and even dark glasses could not hide the side effects of the operation.Liposuction, taking fat out of the body, is probably the most popular cosmetic operation in the United States. It seems simple enough. First, a small cut is made over the place where the patient wants the fat removed. Next, a small pipe is put into the cut. A machine like a vacuum cleaner is then used to suck the fat out of the body. However, as one doctor explained, some problems can happen after the operation. He warned; Irregular lumps and loose skin can result from this operation. If it is not evenly done, liposuction can produce a very lumpy result. Patients often must have more liposuction to correct the problem.1 Cosmetic surgery is more popular in the US than anywhere else.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 The way a man looks has little to do with the job opportunities he may have.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 There are hardly any risks involved in cosmetic operationsA RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 The young woman was by no means satisfied with the eye operation.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 The eye operation was such a failure that the woman refused to pay for it.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 Not everyone is a good candidate for liposuction.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 Sometimes liposuction patients may have to undergo more than one operation.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1、3、4、6段每段选择1个正确的小标题;(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上Compact Disks1 If someone says to you your music CDs dont really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers a digital code.1 The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometerslong. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide.2 A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player2 turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.3 Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes.4 There are many types of compact disk. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on) as you would do with a floppy disk3. Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc Read OnlyMemory.4 This disk is like a “super” floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.5 CDs were first sold to the public in 1982. These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expectedto last between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.6 Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented5 and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.练习:1.Paragraphs 1 & 2_2. Paragraph 3_3.Paragraph 4_4.Paragraph 5_A Digital Code Has Wide ApplicationsB Floppy Disks Are OutdatedC CDs Are DurableD CDs Working Principle Is ExplainedE CD-RWs Play Better Than CD-ROWsF CDs Are of Many Formats5. One advantage of CD-RWs is that they can like floppy disks.6. The author predicts it will not before a new technology is invented for music recording.7. The laser beam-emitting device and the receiver are considered to of a CD player.8. Space probes could not without using digital codes.A shine on bumpsB take many more yearsC be the key partsD restore the original codeE be written on and rewritten onF keep contact with their ground station efficiently第四部分：阅读理解(每题3分，共45分)短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。The Best Way to Reduce Your WeightYou hear this：“No wonder you are fat.All you ever do is eat.”You feel sad：“I skip my breakfast and supper.I run every morning and evening.What else can I do?”Basically you can do nothing.Your genes，not your life habits，determine your weight and your body constantly tries to maintain it.Albert Stunkard of the University of Pennsylvania found from experiments that，“80 percent of the children of two obese parents become obese，as compared with no more than 14 percent of the offspring of two parents of normal weight.”How can obese people become normal or even thin through dieting?Well，dieting can be effective，but the health costs are tremendous.Jules Hirsch，a research physician at Rockefeller University，did a study of eight fat people.They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day1.After more than 10 weeks，the subjects lost 45kg on average.But after leaving the hospital，they all regained.The results were surprising：by metabolic measurement，fat people who lost large amounts of weight seemed like they were starving.They had psychiatric problems.They dreamed of food or breaking their diet2.They were anxious and depressed;some were suicidal.They hid food in their rooms.Researchers warn that it is possible that weight reduction doesnt result in normal weight，but in an abnormal state resembling that of starved non-obese people.Thin people，however，suffer from the opposite：They have to make a great effort to gain weight.Ethan Sims，of the University of Vermont，got prisoners to volunteer to gain weight.In four to six months，they ate as much as they could.They succeeded in increasing their weight by 20 to 25 percent.But months after the study ended，they were back to normal weight and stayed there.This did not mean that people are completely without hope in controlling their weight.It means that those who tend to be fat will have to constantly battle their genetic inheritance if they want to significantly lower their weight.The findings also provide evidence for something scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range3.The range might be as much as 9kg.Someone might weigh 60-69kg without too much effort.But going above or below the natural weight range is difficult.The body resists by feeling hungry or full and changing the metabolism to push the weight back to the range it seeks.词汇：skip/skIp/v.跳过 obese/Eu5bi:s/adi.肥胖的metabolic/metE5bClIk/adj.新陈代谢的 psychiatric/7saIkI5Atrik/adj.精神病的abnormal/Ab5nC:ml/adj.异常的注释：1. They were given a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.他们被给予一种流食配方，每天提供600热卡。2. They dreamed of food or breaking their diet.他们梦中吃食品，或是不是只吃规定的食品。3. The findings alsoprovide evidence forsomething scientists thought was true-each person has a comfortable weight range.结论还证实了科学家认为是正确的一点，即每个人的体重有一个适当的幅度。练习：1. What determines your weight?A)Your working manner.B)Your eating habit.C)Your life style.D)Your genes.2. What did Jules Hirsch do in his study?A)He let the eight fat people skip supper.B)He let the eight fat people skip breakfast.C) He let the eight fat people run every morning and evening.D)He gave the eight fat people a liquid formula providing 600 calories a day.3. What happened to the eight fat people after they left the hospital?A)They went mad.B)They killed themselves.C) They were back to normal weight.D)They attempted suicide.4. What did Ethan Sims make his subjects do?A)Battle their genetic inheritance.B)Increase their weight.C)Stay at home.D)Lower their weight.5. What did scientists think was true?A)Each person has a fixed weight range.B)Each person has a weight range of 9 kg.C)Each person wants to control his weight.D)Each person wants to eat to his hearts content.Evidence of Ancient HuntersRussian and Norwegian scientists have reported finding stone objects and animal bones in the far north of European Russia. The scientists say the objects provide the first evidence that ancient hunters lived in the area more than 30 thousand years ago. They say this is at least 15 thousand years earlier than experts had thought.The Russian and Norwegian team worked at a camp along the Usa River and the Arctic Circle. The scientists say they found several ancient stone tools. They also found 123 bones from animals such as horses, reindeer(驯鹿)and wolves.The scientists say their most important discovery was a tusk from an ancient elephant called a mammoth(猛犸). The huge, curved tooth was more than l meter long. The tusk is covered with small cuts. The scientists believe humans made the marks with sharp-edged stone tools.The scientists used a process known as radiocarbon(放射性碳)dating to measure the age of the tusk. Radiocarbon dating shows the level of a radioactive form of carbon in a substance. The tests showed the tusk is about 36 thousand years old.The scientists say they are not sure what kind of humans left the stone objects and bones along the river. They said the people were either early humans called Neanderthals(穴居人,尼安德特人) or modern humans. Modern humans spread through Europe and Asia 30 thousand years ago. The scientists say the ancient people needed a high level of social development to survive in the extremely cold environment.The objects were discovered about 300 kilometers northeast of another area where scientists say humans once lived. That area has objects more closely linked to modern humans. Those objects are believed to be about 28 thousand years old.Nature magazine also published a report by John Gowlett of the University of Liverpool in England. He said the discovery shows the ability of early humans to do the unexpected. He also said the discovery should renew debate about the effects of the climate on the movements of early human population.1.Before people found stone objects and animal bones in the north of European Russia, some experts thought human beings lived in that area aboutA.30 thousand years agoB.20 thousand years agoC.28 thousand years agoD.15 thousand years ago2.The following statements are true concerning the significance of the finding EXCEPT thatA.it brings forwards the time in which ancient hunters lived in that areaB.it provides the evidence of a high level of ancient human societyC.it showed the unexpected ability of the early humansD.it indicates the effect of climate on the movement of early human population3.Which is the most important discovery among the findingsA.A long elephant tusk.B.Ancient stone tools.C.123 bones from animals.D.mammoth tusk covered with small cuts4.How old is the tusk? About years oldA.25 thousandB.28 thousandC.36 thousandD.40 thousand5.What did the ancient people need to survive in the extremely cold environmentA.the ability to do the unexpectedB.a high level of social developmentC.thick clothesD.small animals to feed onHappinessA proverb allegedly (据说) from ancient China was widely spread in the West：“If you want to be happy for a few hours，go to get drunk;if you want the happiness to last three years，get married：if you want a lifetime happiness，take up gardening.”The reason for the last option is this：Gardening is not only useful;it helps you to identify yourself with nature，and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.A research of a US university that Ive read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased. To put it specifically, happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks ones life is meaningful, satisfactory and comfortable. This should be something lasting rather than transitory.Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure. But according to the study, it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy, especially those busy with work having little time for leisure. Happiness does not spell gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for. People often do not cherish what they already have but yearn for what they cannot get. That is somewhat like a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers while reluctant to settle down with the woman beside him.Happiness is a game balancing between two ends - what one has and what one wishes for, i.e. ones dream and the possibility to realize it. The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation; one who meets challenges that tap his ability and potentiality; one who is proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him. He has self-respect and self-confidence; treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide-range communication with others; he is helpful and ready to accept assistance. He knows he is able to endure sufferings and frustrations; he is sensible enough to get fun from daily chores. He is a man capable of love and passion.1.Gardening can bring lifelong happiness becauseA.it is a profitable business.B.it can improve a gardeners ability to remake nature.C.a gardener can enjoy a very happy relationship in marriage.D.nature is an unexhausted source of joy2.The research of the US university found that most people feel happy when theyA.are at leisure.B.take the job of gardening.C.are after their goals.D.own great properties.3.Why does the writer mention a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers (Lines 5 -6, Para. 3)?A.To demonstrate the problem in marriage in modern society.B.To illustrate a radical way to achieve happiness.C.To criticize those who do not value what they already have.D.To indicate that happiness covers something besides the desire to gain4.What kind of person is more likely to be unhappy according to the study?A.The one who has self-respect and confidence.B.The one who is ambitious without consideration of his actual situation.C.The one who can take pleasure in communicating with others.D.The one who are ready to render help and accept help from others.5.What is happiness?A.A transitory state of mind.B.Getting everything what one desires.C.An all-working and no-leisure life.D.A desire based on our actual situation.第五部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Mind Those Manners on the SubwaySo, there you are, just sitting there in the subway car, enjoying that book you just bought _ (1) Or, the person sitting next to you takes out a nail clipper (指甲刀) and begins cutting his or her nails.Annoying? Many of us have to spend some time every day on public transportation. _ (2) So, to make the trip more pleasant, we suggest the following:Let passengers get off the bus or subway car before you can get on. _ (3)Stand away from the doors when they are closing.Dont talk loudly on a bus or subway. Chatting loudly with your friends can be annoying to others. _ (4)Dont think your bags and suitcases (手提箱) deserve a seat of their own.Use a tissue whenever you cough or sneeze (打喷嚏). An uncovered sneeze can spread germs (细菌), especially in crowded places.Dont cut your nails or pick your nose on public transportation.Dont read over other peoples shoulder. _ (5) It can make people uncomfortable. They might think youre too stingy (小气的) even to buy a newspaper. Or they might think youre judging their behavior.A. Dont eat food in your car.B. Dont shout into your mobile
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