初中英语中主动形式表被动意义

初中英语中主动形式表被动意义某些系动词,如feel, look ,seem , appear , taste , sound , smell , prove , remain等用主动形式表示被动意义;主语通常是事物,且表示该事物本身具有某 一固有特征。如：The material feels very soft. 这种料子摸起来很柔软。误：The material is felt very soft.The music sounds beautiful. 这音乐听起来很美妙。误：The music is sounded beautiful.表示主语由内在品质或性能,使得主语得以实现或不能实现,用主动表示被动, 常见的这类动词有：write, read , clean , sell , wash , cook , open , close , lock 等。1. 同well, badly , easily等副词连用。如：The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。The book sells well. 那本书很畅销。The pen writes smoothly. 这支笔很好写。2. 谓语动词用否认式。如:The window wont open.这扇窗开不了。The door wont lock.这门锁不上。3. 主语+谓语(blow, wear等)+主补。如:The door blew open.门被风吹开了。某些日常用语,cook, bake , make , print , pack , build , work out 等 动词用于进行时态时,可用主动形式表示被动意义。如：The fish is cooking. 鱼正在煮。The book is printing. 那本书正在印刷中。The plan is working out. 方案正在制订。不定式在以下情况下用主动形式表示被动意义:1. 在be+形容词+fit to do句型中。如:English words are difficult to remember. 英语单词很难记。注：常用于此句型形容词有easy, hard , difficult , heavy , light , comfortable 等。2. 在作补语的形容词后作状语的不定式。如:We found the book easy to understand. 我们觉得这本书的容易懂。3. 在This /That /These /Those be后的名词后的不定式。如:This is a difficult problem to solve. 这是一个很难解决的问题。4. 在 there be/have/with sth. to do（有要）结构中。如:I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多事要做。5. 在疑问代词+不定式结构。如:The question is what to do next.问题是接下来做什么。6. 在 be to blame/seek/let 结构中。如:The house is to let. 此房出租。He is to blame for this.他因此事应受到责备在表示需要的need, wantrequire,及be worth后的动词-ing形式,用主 动形式表示被动含义。如:这地需要清扫了。The floor needs sweeping.That picture is worth looking at. 那幅画值得看。英语中的省略在英语中,为了防止重复,句子中的某些局部经常省略,给考生的理解增加了 困难。现对省略现象总结如下：一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。1. This beeper works well , but that one doesnt (work well).这个寻呼机工作正常,但那个就不行。2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234 units, some (of them) (weigh) 235 units, and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。其中有的重234,有的重235, 而有的重238。二、在 when, while, if, as if, though(或 although), as, until, once, wheth er, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中,常省略跟主句相同的主语 和be动词。1. When (water is) pure , water is a colorless liquid.水纯洁时,是无色的液体。2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help.我困难时总是找她帮助。3. Errors , if any, should be corrected.are)如果有什么错误,就应当改正。（if后省略了 there4. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning.木头燃烧时,它放出很多烟。5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for.这封信留在这里待领。6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something.亨利向四周环视,似乎在寻找什么。7. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak.她尽管体弱,但学习仍十分努力。