CET作文写作技巧.ppt

评 分 依 据,写作的评分依据是：切题、条理、语言和字数。所谓切题就是看你写的作文是否跑题。所谓条理是指每一段的议论的正反论点是否清楚，要说明的几个方面是否清晰，描述是否正确。语言主要是指语法结构规范，用词正确恰当 。字数符合要求。,一、审题 我们拿到作文后第一件事要做的就是审题。审题的作用在于使你的写作不跑题（如果跑题，条理和语言再好，也得不到及格分，甚至0分。）审题就是要审作文的体裁和题材。就四、六级考试体裁而言，它包括议论文、说明文和描述文。,议论文的写作特点是要有论点和论据，而且往往可以从正反两面来论述。 说明文的写作特点是从几方面或几条来说明一个问题，就跟某一机器的说明书一样通过1、2、3说明它的用途。 描述文也有它自身的写作特点，特别是时间、地点人物要交待清楚。 同时，要注意到这三种文体并不是独立的，通常它们会互相交叉出现在作文中。,2005年1月作文题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a campaign speech in support of your election to the post of chairman of the student union. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. 1 你认为自己具备是什么条件（能力，性格，爱好）可以胜任学生会主席工作， 2 如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？ A Campaign Speech,2004年6月作文题 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition entitled A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction. You should write at least 120 words according to the following guidelines. Your role: a tour guide Your audience a group of foreign tourists Your introduction should include some welcoming words the schedule for the day a description of the place the tourists will be visiting (e.g. a scenic spot or a historical site, etc.) You should make the introduction interesting and the arrangements for the day clear to everybody. A Brief Introduction to a Tourist Attraction,2003年6月CET作文题目 四级作文题目： 假设你在某日某时某地目击一起车祸，就此写一份见证书。 见证书须包括以下几点： 1、车祸发生的时间及地点 2、你所见到的车祸情况 3、你对车祸原因的分析 An Eye-Witness Account of a Traffic Accident,2003年1月CET作文题目 四级作文题： Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Honest. You should write at least 100 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 当前社会上存在许多不诚实的现象 2. 诚实利人利已，做人应该诚实 It Pays to Be Honest,二、主题句 通过审题，知道了写作的思路，下边第一步就是要写主题句。主题句是确保不跑题的前提，只有不跑题才有可能得及格分。写主题句最保险的方法就是把各要求句译成英语。,三、条理 保证不跑题是写作当中第一重要任务，第二个重要任务就是条理清楚。对于议论文来说，正反面论点要清楚。对于说明文来说，说明的事要一一清晰，对于描述文事要一目了然。,四、 字数控制 在作文的评分标准中字数也是一个要求。四、六级的作文要求是要写出120-150字。四、六级作文大都是三段式。，如果在每一段中写上三、四句话，即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全篇在十二句左右。每一句十多个词，这样就是120-150字。同时，不能写得太多，写得多一是容易跑题犯错，二是浪费宝贵的时间。,写作练习,Is environment Pollution a Crime? 破坏生态是一种犯罪行为。 破坏生态给人类造成经济损失及生存危机。 保护环境人人有责。,破坏生态是一种犯罪行为。 Environment pollution is a kind of crimes because it, like such crimes as stealing, robbing and killing, will cause damages to peoples possessions and do harm to peoples live. In view of its serious consequences, the act of pollution should be punished by the law.,破坏生态给人类造成经济损失及生存危机。,There is no doubt that ever since the industrial revolution our living environment has been becoming worse and worse. The burning of coal has turned the sky dark. The exhausted gas given off by the cars has made us difficult to breathe. Many species of fish have been killed by the water pollution. All this has caused a great loss to our economic development and we are now in the danger of survival.,保护环境人人有责。,Fortunately, we have come to see the importance of environment protection. Every one should take the responsibility to protect the environment. We should always bear this in mind, “Protecting the environment is to protect ourselves.”,Building the Civilized Campus,大学校园里仍存在一些不文明现象（课桌文化、逃课、偷盗自行车等） 分析问题存在的原因。 提出解决建议。,大学校园里仍存在一些不文明现象（课桌文化、逃课、偷盗自行车等,College students are generally believed to be more civilized and moral because they are highly educated. However, some of them are far from what they should be. Deck culture, spitting in public, skipping classes and bike stealing are occasionally found around us on university campus.,分析问题存在的原因。,There are various reasons for such things that happen on campus. Firstly, it is due to the severe competition of schools and society. Thus our childrens early education is only focused on knowledge learning. The education of basic moral values is somewhat neglected. Secondly, university can not be regarded as an “ivory tower” and some immoral behaviors will certainly penetrate into the university campus.,提出解决建议。,In order to do away with these bad habits, I think that we should launch a campaign on campus civilization to raise the awareness on moral principles. We should also set up some rules to regulate the students behavior. In this way we can build the civilized campus.,课外练习,当前不少大学生缺乏创新思维能力。 导致大学生缺乏创新思维的原因，应试教育，缺少发挥机会等。 采取有效措施，鼓励大学生创新。,当前不少大学生缺乏创新思维能力。 As we all know, the ability to think creatively plays a crucial role in both individual and social development. However, a recent survey shows that most of the college students lack the innovational ideas nowadays. It is said that college students are good at learning knowledge from textbooks, but they are rather weak in generating their own ideas to solve the problems.,导致大学生缺乏创新思维的原因，应试教育，缺少发挥机会等。 What causes this phenomenon? I think the answer lies mainly on the way that our education operates. The test-oriented education model is the primary cause. In this model, our college students are accustomed to solving the problems, of which the standard answer is known, but they are hardly taught to try their own ideas. Moreover, schools and society have not provided enough opportunities for students to try their own ideas. When a student thinks up a new one, he will find it is not so easy to try it out.,采取有效措施，鼓励大学生创新。 The educational authority should attach greater importance to developing the students creative thinking ability. We might start by raising the students awareness of the issue, and then take effective measures to adjust the goal of college education and set up a reward system to encourage creative thinking on the part of the students.,1. 目前食品安全的状况 2. 产生这些食品质量问题的原因 3. 我们应该怎样做,